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These publications showcase the significant science conducted in our Science Centers.

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Identifying sex and age of apapane and iiwi on Hawaii Identifying sex and age of apapane and iiwi on Hawaii

Methods to determine the sex and age of Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea) were developed on the basis of 189 museum specimens and 91 live birds captured in mist nets on the Island of Hawaii (USA). Both species retain all juvenal primaries and some juvenal secondaries and body feathers after the first prebasic molt and attain full adult plumage after the second...
Authors
S.G. Fancy, T.K. Pratt, G.D. Lindsey, C.K. Harada, A.H. Parent, J.D. Jacobi

Campsite impact management: A survey of National Park Service backcountry managers Campsite impact management: A survey of National Park Service backcountry managers

Though a central purpose for the creation and management of parks, visitation inevitably affects the natural resources of parks. This is particularly true at campsites, where visitation and its effects are concentrated. This paper presents partial results from a survey of National Park Service managers regarding general strategies and specific actions implemented by park managers to...
Authors
J. L. Marion, C.J. Stubbs

Population trends of quails in North America Population trends of quails in North America

We used North American Breeding Bird Survey data (1966-91) to estimate distribution, relative abundance, and populatiori trends of quails. Population trends in grassland/shrub birds sympatric with northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) were also examined. Northern bobwhite and scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) populations have declined since 1966. Rates of decline for these quails have
Authors
K.E. Church, J.R. Sauer, Sam Droege

Hydrologic data and hydrologic budget for Summit Lake Reservoir, Henry County, East-Central Indiana, water years 1989 and 1990 Hydrologic data and hydrologic budget for Summit Lake Reservoir, Henry County, East-Central Indiana, water years 1989 and 1990

Hydrologic data were collected near Summit Lake Reservoir for 2 years beginning October 1, 1988, and ending September 30, 1990. The data-collection network consisted of 1 reservoir-stage gage, 2 precipitation gages, 1 evaporation pan, 2 streamflow gages, and 13 observation wells. Stage-area and stage-storage relations for the reservoir were used in combination with the hydrologic data to...
Authors
R.F. Duwelius

Water-resources investigations in Pennsylvania; programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1993 Water-resources investigations in Pennsylvania; programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1993

Current activities of the Pennsylvania District of the USGS are described and include information on current projects, such as project objectives, approach, progress and plans, project location, cooperators, period of project, and project chief. Basic-data programs for surface water, ground water, and quality of water also are described. Also included is information on the basic mission...
Authors
L. O. McLanahan

Refinement of the evaluation of the role of CO2 in modifying estimates of the pressure of epithermal mineralization Refinement of the evaluation of the role of CO2 in modifying estimates of the pressure of epithermal mineralization

Pressure is the most important of the intensive parameters for relating epithermal mineralization to the geologic setting. This paper describes the limitations on pressure (and therefore depth) of mineralization that may reasonably be derived from simple observations of the behavior of fluid inclusions (i.e., the existence of ice or CO 2 clathrate on the liquidus, the amount of expansion...
Authors
P.B. Barton, I.-M. Chou

Pressure increases, the formation of chromite seams, and the development of the ultramafic series in the Stillwater Complex, Montana Pressure increases, the formation of chromite seams, and the development of the ultramafic series in the Stillwater Complex, Montana

This paper explores the hypothesis that chromite seams in the Stillwater Complex formed in response to periodic increases in total pressure in the chamber. Total pressure increased because of the positive δV of nucleation of CO2 bubbles in the melt and their subsequent rise through the magma chamber, during which the bubbles increased in volume by a factor of 4–6. By analogy with the...
Authors
B. R. Lipin
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