Emily Baker (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Glacier-Wide Mass Balance and Compiled Data Inputs: Juneau Icefield Glaciers Glacier-Wide Mass Balance and Compiled Data Inputs: Juneau Icefield Glaciers
This data release includes glacier wide mass balance solutions for Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, as well as the refined inputs used in these calculations. Input data are of three types: 1) time-variable area altitude distribution (AAD); 2) time series of point water balance at long term sites (with secondary sites given in recent years); 3) weather data from nearby stations, either...
Geochemistry of Water Sources in the Wolverine Glacier Watershed, Alaska in 2016 and 2017 Geochemistry of Water Sources in the Wolverine Glacier Watershed, Alaska in 2016 and 2017
Glaciers are critical sources of water and solutes to downstream riverine and marine ecosystems. Samples were collected from surface streams, groundwater, rain, snow, and ice in the Wolverine Glacier basin and analyzed for a broad suite of geochemical constituents including common field parameters, major ions, stable isotopes of water, nutrients, metals, and dissolved organic carbon.
Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers
U.S. Geological Survey researchers conducted time-series ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys with a Sensors and Software 500-MHz Pulse Ekko Pro system. This data release contains ground-based (ski and snowmobile) as well as airborne common-offset profiles. All profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Additionally, common-midpoint data was collected at specific glacier...
Geodetic Data for Juneau Icefield Glaciers: Orthophotos, Digital Elevation Models, and Glacier Boundaries Geodetic Data for Juneau Icefield Glaciers: Orthophotos, Digital Elevation Models, and Glacier Boundaries
his data release provides geodetic measurements collected since the mid-1940s to characterize the surface elevation, area, and motion of glaciers studied by the U.S, Geological Survey. The primary glaciers of focus are the Benchmark Glaciers of North America which include Gulkana, Wolverine, and Lemon Creek Glaciers in Alaska, Sperry Glacier in Montana, and South Cascade Glacier in...
Weather Station Data on the Juneau Icefield Weather Station Data on the Juneau Icefield
Measurements of meteorological data are made at many permanent camp facilities on the Juneau Icefield. This portion of the data release includes select weather data that has received basic quality control and assurance. Data is released at three different levels of processing, level 0, 1 and 2. Level 0 data contains compiled raw data, before QC procedures are applied, at the original...
High Altitude Weather Station Data at USGS Benchmark Glaciers High Altitude Weather Station Data at USGS Benchmark Glaciers
Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield...
Explaining mass balance and retreat dichotomies at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, Alaska Explaining mass balance and retreat dichotomies at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, Alaska
We reanalyzed mass balance records at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to better understand the relative roles of hypsometry, local climate and dynamics as mass balance drivers. Over the 1946–2018 period, the cumulative mass balances diverged. Tidewater Taku Glacier advanced and gained mass at an average rate of +0.25±0.28 m w.e. a–1, contrasting with retreat and mass loss of –0.60±0.15 m w...
Authors
Christopher J. McNeil, Shad O’Neel, Michael Loso, Mauri Pelto, Louis C. Sass, Emily Baker, Seth Campbell
Reanalysis of the U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: Long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance Reanalysis of the U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: Long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance
Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciological measurements are mixed or inconsistent. To address this problem, we reanalyzed and compared long...
Authors
Shad O’Neel, Christopher J. McNeil, Louis C. Sass, Caitlyn Florentine, Emily Baker, Erich H. Peitzsch, Daniel J McGrath, Andrew G. Fountain, Daniel B. Fagre
Interannual snow accumulation variability on glaciers derived from repeat spatially extensive ground-penetrating radar surveys Interannual snow accumulation variability on glaciers derived from repeat spatially extensive ground-penetrating radar surveys
There is significant uncertainty regarding the spatiotemporal distribution of seasonal snow on glaciers, despite being a fundamental component of glacier mass balance. To address this knowledge gap, we collected repeat, spatially extensive high-frequency ground-penetrating radar (GPR) observations on two glaciers in Alaska for five consecutive years. GPR measurements showed steep snow...
Authors
Daniel J McGrath, Louis Sass, Shad O’Neel, Christopher J. McNeil, Salvatore G Candela, Emily Baker, Hans P. Marshall
Science and Products
Glacier-Wide Mass Balance and Compiled Data Inputs: Juneau Icefield Glaciers Glacier-Wide Mass Balance and Compiled Data Inputs: Juneau Icefield Glaciers
This data release includes glacier wide mass balance solutions for Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, as well as the refined inputs used in these calculations. Input data are of three types: 1) time-variable area altitude distribution (AAD); 2) time series of point water balance at long term sites (with secondary sites given in recent years); 3) weather data from nearby stations, either...
Geochemistry of Water Sources in the Wolverine Glacier Watershed, Alaska in 2016 and 2017 Geochemistry of Water Sources in the Wolverine Glacier Watershed, Alaska in 2016 and 2017
Glaciers are critical sources of water and solutes to downstream riverine and marine ecosystems. Samples were collected from surface streams, groundwater, rain, snow, and ice in the Wolverine Glacier basin and analyzed for a broad suite of geochemical constituents including common field parameters, major ions, stable isotopes of water, nutrients, metals, and dissolved organic carbon.
Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers
U.S. Geological Survey researchers conducted time-series ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys with a Sensors and Software 500-MHz Pulse Ekko Pro system. This data release contains ground-based (ski and snowmobile) as well as airborne common-offset profiles. All profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Additionally, common-midpoint data was collected at specific glacier...
Geodetic Data for Juneau Icefield Glaciers: Orthophotos, Digital Elevation Models, and Glacier Boundaries Geodetic Data for Juneau Icefield Glaciers: Orthophotos, Digital Elevation Models, and Glacier Boundaries
his data release provides geodetic measurements collected since the mid-1940s to characterize the surface elevation, area, and motion of glaciers studied by the U.S, Geological Survey. The primary glaciers of focus are the Benchmark Glaciers of North America which include Gulkana, Wolverine, and Lemon Creek Glaciers in Alaska, Sperry Glacier in Montana, and South Cascade Glacier in...
Weather Station Data on the Juneau Icefield Weather Station Data on the Juneau Icefield
Measurements of meteorological data are made at many permanent camp facilities on the Juneau Icefield. This portion of the data release includes select weather data that has received basic quality control and assurance. Data is released at three different levels of processing, level 0, 1 and 2. Level 0 data contains compiled raw data, before QC procedures are applied, at the original...
High Altitude Weather Station Data at USGS Benchmark Glaciers High Altitude Weather Station Data at USGS Benchmark Glaciers
Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield...
Explaining mass balance and retreat dichotomies at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, Alaska Explaining mass balance and retreat dichotomies at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, Alaska
We reanalyzed mass balance records at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to better understand the relative roles of hypsometry, local climate and dynamics as mass balance drivers. Over the 1946–2018 period, the cumulative mass balances diverged. Tidewater Taku Glacier advanced and gained mass at an average rate of +0.25±0.28 m w.e. a–1, contrasting with retreat and mass loss of –0.60±0.15 m w...
Authors
Christopher J. McNeil, Shad O’Neel, Michael Loso, Mauri Pelto, Louis C. Sass, Emily Baker, Seth Campbell
Reanalysis of the U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: Long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance Reanalysis of the U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: Long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance
Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciological measurements are mixed or inconsistent. To address this problem, we reanalyzed and compared long...
Authors
Shad O’Neel, Christopher J. McNeil, Louis C. Sass, Caitlyn Florentine, Emily Baker, Erich H. Peitzsch, Daniel J McGrath, Andrew G. Fountain, Daniel B. Fagre
Interannual snow accumulation variability on glaciers derived from repeat spatially extensive ground-penetrating radar surveys Interannual snow accumulation variability on glaciers derived from repeat spatially extensive ground-penetrating radar surveys
There is significant uncertainty regarding the spatiotemporal distribution of seasonal snow on glaciers, despite being a fundamental component of glacier mass balance. To address this knowledge gap, we collected repeat, spatially extensive high-frequency ground-penetrating radar (GPR) observations on two glaciers in Alaska for five consecutive years. GPR measurements showed steep snow...
Authors
Daniel J McGrath, Louis Sass, Shad O’Neel, Christopher J. McNeil, Salvatore G Candela, Emily Baker, Hans P. Marshall