Mauna Ulu began erupting in May 1969 on Kilauea volcano's east rift zone. Within the first 6 months of erupting 12 lava fountains could be seen, some over 1000 ft high in the air!
James D Jacobi (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Applying a Novel Spatial Prioritization Technique to Support Climate Resilient Conservation Planning for the Recovery of 400 Endangered and At Risk Species in Maui Nui
Hawaiʻi is often referred to as the endangered species capital of the world, with hundreds of species at risk. While Hawaiian forest birds have garnered attention in the global conservation community as they face imminent extinction due to climate change, climate also poses serious challenges to hundreds of other Hawaiian species. Although traditional recovery plans provide meaningful...
Global Climate Change Impacts on Plants of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park
Climate change is expected to alter the seasonal and annual patterns of rainfall and temperature in the Hawaiian Islands. Warming temperatures and altered precipitation patterns both impact ecological systems, but managing these impacts is difficult without detailed information on the magnitude and timing of these climate-related changes.
Studies on the Rapidly Eroding Reef
This study focuses on assessing changes in vegetation cover and composition inside and outside a fenced exclosure within the USGS Ridge-to-Reef study area on the island of Moloka‘i. This information will be delivered to federal, state, and private land managers who are trying to determine best management practices to reduce erosion and sediment runoff from this dry habitat which has been heavily...
Impact of Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Plants and Cultural Sites
One of the impacts of global climate change for the Hawaiian Islands is a projected increase in sea level of about one meter by the year 2100. This change will impact both biological and cultural resources located along the coastline. Few intact native coastal and lowland plant communities remain in Hawai‘i. Many of those that remain contain listed endangered species and provide important habitat...
Monitoring Hawaiian Biodiversity: Changes to forest birds and their habitat
Hawaiian forests are beset by many stressors, resulting in a complex pattern of altered ecosystems, impeirled species, and (in some areas) substantial protection and restoration. Short-term studies focused on specific sites or biota have limited value in understanding landscape-level change. Long-term and spatialy extensive data are needed to understand how ecosystems are reacting to both stressor...
Status and Trends of Hawaiian Flora and Fauna
Hawai‘i has more endangered species than any other state - over 394 species. In spite of this fact, there is not a central clearing house for information on the status and trends of these species. Information is spread over the following areas: 1. USGS maintains some information on Forest Birds. 2. USFWS maintains summary data on listed and proposed plants. 3. The University of Hawai‘i maintains...
Hawaiian Islands Hawaiian Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS) bird counts and vegetation maps 1976-1983 Hawaiian Islands Hawaiian Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS) bird counts and vegetation maps 1976-1983
In 1976-1983, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted systematic surveys of forest birds and plant communities on all of the main Hawaiian Islands as part of the Hawaiian Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS; Scott et al. 1986). Results of this monumental effort have guided conservation efforts and provided the basis for many plant and bird recovery plans and land acquisition decisions in...
Moloka'i, Hawai'i rapid assessment of hydrology, soils, and vegetation in coastal wetlands 2022 Moloka'i, Hawai'i rapid assessment of hydrology, soils, and vegetation in coastal wetlands 2022
In this project, we assessed the potential for twelve coastal wetland sites on the island of Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi, to provide socio-cultural resources and habitat for flora and fauna following restoration. In April 2022, a rapid field assessment of hydrology, soils, and vegetation was carried out at each of the wetland sites. The data provided here were collected in order to inform a...
Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Vegetation Map 2016 Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Vegetation Map 2016
This data layer identifies the boundaries of the mapped plant communities for the vegetation map of the Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Hakalau Forest Unit and adjacent lands, island of Hawaii.
Keaukaha Military Reservation Ohia Restoration under ROD-infected Trees 2019-2020 Keaukaha Military Reservation Ohia Restoration under ROD-infected Trees 2019-2020
This data release includes data and metadata containing (1) Ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) tree locations tested for Rapid Ohia Death (ROD) at Keaukaha Military Reserve, Hilo, HI (2) out-planted Ohia seedling information and survival status and (3) raw quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results for all Ceratocystis lukuohia and huliohia testing. Data were used in the analysis...
Hawaiian Islands datasets quantifying the effects of invasive animals and plants on native forests across the archipelago 2019 Hawaiian Islands datasets quantifying the effects of invasive animals and plants on native forests across the archipelago 2019
Dataset includes publicly available geologic and rainfall data, and environmental and ecological data derived or collected for this project. Specifically, water infiltration measurements, interpreted field-saturated hydraulic conductivity values, ungulate activity, vegetation cover, general soil and weather conditions data are included. Soil samples were collected, lab analyzed, and are...
Hawaii Island Regeneration of Metrosideros polymorpha forests since landscape-level canopy dieback in the 1970s Hawaii Island Regeneration of Metrosideros polymorpha forests since landscape-level canopy dieback in the 1970s
We analyzed very-high-resolution imagery to assess status of Metrosideros polymorpha forests across an 83,603-hectare study area that experienced extensive canopy dieback in the 1970s on the eastern side of the island of Hawaii. Using GIS we generated 1,170 virtual vegetation plots with a 100-m radius; 541 plots in areas mapped in 1977 with trees dead or mostly defoliated (dieback), and...
Mauna Ulu began erupting in May 1969 on Kilauea volcano's east rift zone. Within the first 6 months of erupting 12 lava fountains could be seen, some over 1000 ft high in the air!
Filter Total Items: 51
Wake Atoll: Evaluation of plant biosecurity Wake Atoll: Evaluation of plant biosecurity
Introduced organisms can cause substantial effects across most landscapes. Island ecosystems, especially tropical islands, are at elevated risk from introduced organisms. The risks are even higher for tropical islands with moderate or high levels of transit, yet this can be minimized by application of appropriate biosecurity requirements. In this study, we examined the potential for non...
Authors
Corie Yanger, James D. Jacobi, Stephanie G. Yelenik, Stacie A. Hathaway
Biodiversity surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring field guides for plants, arthropods, and herpetofauna Biodiversity surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring field guides for plants, arthropods, and herpetofauna
Introduction The U.S. Air Force (USAF) issued funds to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to update the biosecurity plan, create a current (2019) flora and fauna species identification index, and do container evaluations for the presence of potential invasives. The current (2019) biosecurity protocols used for prevention were evaluated, and new biodiversity surveys were completed for...
Authors
Stacie A. Hathaway, James D. Jacobi, Robert Peck, Adam R. Backlin, Cynthia J. Hitchcock, Robert N. Fisher
Advancing at-risk species recovery planning in an era of rapid ecological change with a transparent, flexible, and expert-engaged approach Advancing at-risk species recovery planning in an era of rapid ecological change with a transparent, flexible, and expert-engaged approach
In the face of unprecedented ecological changes, the conservation community needs strategies to recover species at risk of extinction. On the Island of Maui, we collaborated with species experts and managers to assist with climate-resilient recovery planning for 36 at-risk native plant species by identifying priority areas for the management of recovery populations. To do this, we...
Authors
Lucas Fortini, Christina Leopold, Fred Amidon, Devin Leopold, Scott Fretz, James D. Jacobi, Loyal Mehrhoff, Jonathan Price, Fern Duval, Matthew Kier, Hank Oppenheimer, Lauren Weisenburger, Robert Sutter
Exploring and integrating differences in niche characteristics across regional and global scales to better understand plant invasions in Hawaiʻi Exploring and integrating differences in niche characteristics across regional and global scales to better understand plant invasions in Hawaiʻi
The spread of ecosystem modifying invasive plant (EMIP) species is one of the largest threats to native ecosystems in Hawaiʻi. However, differences in niche characteristics between Hawaiʻi’s isolated insular environment and the wider global distribution of these species have not been carefully examined. We used species distribution modeling (SDM) methods to assess similarities and...
Authors
Lucas Fortini, Lauren R. Kaiser, Curtis Daehler, James D. Jacobi, Monica Dimson, Thomas W Gillespie
Ohi'a lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha): A most resilient and persistent foundation species in Hawaiian forests Ohi'a lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha): A most resilient and persistent foundation species in Hawaiian forests
Metrosideros polymorpha (‘ōhi‘a, ‘ōhi‘a lehua) is an important foundation species in Hawaiian forest habitats. The genus originated in New Zealand and was dispersed to the Hawaiian archipelago approximately 3.9 million years ago. It evolved into five distinct endemic species and one of these, Metrosideros polymorpha, further differentiated into eight varieties across what are now the...
Authors
James D. Jacobi, Hans Juergen Boehmer, Lucas Fortini, Samuel M. ‘Ohukaniʻōhiʻa Gon III, Linda Mertelmeyer, Jonathan Price
A prioritization protocol for coastal wetland restoration on Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi A prioritization protocol for coastal wetland restoration on Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi
Hawaiian coastal wetlands provide important habitat for federally endangered waterbirds and socio-cultural resources for Native Hawaiians. Currently, Hawaiian coastal wetlands are degraded by development, sedimentation, and invasive species and, thus, require restoration. Little is known about their original structure and function due to the large-scale alteration of the lowland...
Authors
Judith Z. Drexler, Helen Raine, James D. Jacobi, Sally House, Pulama Lima, William Haase, Arleone Dibben-Young, Brett T. Wolfe
Science and Products
Applying a Novel Spatial Prioritization Technique to Support Climate Resilient Conservation Planning for the Recovery of 400 Endangered and At Risk Species in Maui Nui
Hawaiʻi is often referred to as the endangered species capital of the world, with hundreds of species at risk. While Hawaiian forest birds have garnered attention in the global conservation community as they face imminent extinction due to climate change, climate also poses serious challenges to hundreds of other Hawaiian species. Although traditional recovery plans provide meaningful...
Global Climate Change Impacts on Plants of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park
Climate change is expected to alter the seasonal and annual patterns of rainfall and temperature in the Hawaiian Islands. Warming temperatures and altered precipitation patterns both impact ecological systems, but managing these impacts is difficult without detailed information on the magnitude and timing of these climate-related changes.
Studies on the Rapidly Eroding Reef
This study focuses on assessing changes in vegetation cover and composition inside and outside a fenced exclosure within the USGS Ridge-to-Reef study area on the island of Moloka‘i. This information will be delivered to federal, state, and private land managers who are trying to determine best management practices to reduce erosion and sediment runoff from this dry habitat which has been heavily...
Impact of Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Plants and Cultural Sites
One of the impacts of global climate change for the Hawaiian Islands is a projected increase in sea level of about one meter by the year 2100. This change will impact both biological and cultural resources located along the coastline. Few intact native coastal and lowland plant communities remain in Hawai‘i. Many of those that remain contain listed endangered species and provide important habitat...
Monitoring Hawaiian Biodiversity: Changes to forest birds and their habitat
Hawaiian forests are beset by many stressors, resulting in a complex pattern of altered ecosystems, impeirled species, and (in some areas) substantial protection and restoration. Short-term studies focused on specific sites or biota have limited value in understanding landscape-level change. Long-term and spatialy extensive data are needed to understand how ecosystems are reacting to both stressor...
Status and Trends of Hawaiian Flora and Fauna
Hawai‘i has more endangered species than any other state - over 394 species. In spite of this fact, there is not a central clearing house for information on the status and trends of these species. Information is spread over the following areas: 1. USGS maintains some information on Forest Birds. 2. USFWS maintains summary data on listed and proposed plants. 3. The University of Hawai‘i maintains...
Hawaiian Islands Hawaiian Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS) bird counts and vegetation maps 1976-1983 Hawaiian Islands Hawaiian Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS) bird counts and vegetation maps 1976-1983
In 1976-1983, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted systematic surveys of forest birds and plant communities on all of the main Hawaiian Islands as part of the Hawaiian Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS; Scott et al. 1986). Results of this monumental effort have guided conservation efforts and provided the basis for many plant and bird recovery plans and land acquisition decisions in...
Moloka'i, Hawai'i rapid assessment of hydrology, soils, and vegetation in coastal wetlands 2022 Moloka'i, Hawai'i rapid assessment of hydrology, soils, and vegetation in coastal wetlands 2022
In this project, we assessed the potential for twelve coastal wetland sites on the island of Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi, to provide socio-cultural resources and habitat for flora and fauna following restoration. In April 2022, a rapid field assessment of hydrology, soils, and vegetation was carried out at each of the wetland sites. The data provided here were collected in order to inform a...
Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Vegetation Map 2016 Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Vegetation Map 2016
This data layer identifies the boundaries of the mapped plant communities for the vegetation map of the Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Hakalau Forest Unit and adjacent lands, island of Hawaii.
Keaukaha Military Reservation Ohia Restoration under ROD-infected Trees 2019-2020 Keaukaha Military Reservation Ohia Restoration under ROD-infected Trees 2019-2020
This data release includes data and metadata containing (1) Ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) tree locations tested for Rapid Ohia Death (ROD) at Keaukaha Military Reserve, Hilo, HI (2) out-planted Ohia seedling information and survival status and (3) raw quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results for all Ceratocystis lukuohia and huliohia testing. Data were used in the analysis...
Hawaiian Islands datasets quantifying the effects of invasive animals and plants on native forests across the archipelago 2019 Hawaiian Islands datasets quantifying the effects of invasive animals and plants on native forests across the archipelago 2019
Dataset includes publicly available geologic and rainfall data, and environmental and ecological data derived or collected for this project. Specifically, water infiltration measurements, interpreted field-saturated hydraulic conductivity values, ungulate activity, vegetation cover, general soil and weather conditions data are included. Soil samples were collected, lab analyzed, and are...
Hawaii Island Regeneration of Metrosideros polymorpha forests since landscape-level canopy dieback in the 1970s Hawaii Island Regeneration of Metrosideros polymorpha forests since landscape-level canopy dieback in the 1970s
We analyzed very-high-resolution imagery to assess status of Metrosideros polymorpha forests across an 83,603-hectare study area that experienced extensive canopy dieback in the 1970s on the eastern side of the island of Hawaii. Using GIS we generated 1,170 virtual vegetation plots with a 100-m radius; 541 plots in areas mapped in 1977 with trees dead or mostly defoliated (dieback), and...
Mauna Ulu lava flow on Hawai‘i Island
Mauna Ulu began erupting in May 1969 on Kilauea volcano's east rift zone. Within the first 6 months of erupting 12 lava fountains could be seen, some over 1000 ft high in the air!
Mauna Ulu began erupting in May 1969 on Kilauea volcano's east rift zone. Within the first 6 months of erupting 12 lava fountains could be seen, some over 1000 ft high in the air!
Filter Total Items: 51
Wake Atoll: Evaluation of plant biosecurity Wake Atoll: Evaluation of plant biosecurity
Introduced organisms can cause substantial effects across most landscapes. Island ecosystems, especially tropical islands, are at elevated risk from introduced organisms. The risks are even higher for tropical islands with moderate or high levels of transit, yet this can be minimized by application of appropriate biosecurity requirements. In this study, we examined the potential for non...
Authors
Corie Yanger, James D. Jacobi, Stephanie G. Yelenik, Stacie A. Hathaway
Biodiversity surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring field guides for plants, arthropods, and herpetofauna Biodiversity surveys of Wake Atoll—Featuring field guides for plants, arthropods, and herpetofauna
Introduction The U.S. Air Force (USAF) issued funds to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to update the biosecurity plan, create a current (2019) flora and fauna species identification index, and do container evaluations for the presence of potential invasives. The current (2019) biosecurity protocols used for prevention were evaluated, and new biodiversity surveys were completed for...
Authors
Stacie A. Hathaway, James D. Jacobi, Robert Peck, Adam R. Backlin, Cynthia J. Hitchcock, Robert N. Fisher
Advancing at-risk species recovery planning in an era of rapid ecological change with a transparent, flexible, and expert-engaged approach Advancing at-risk species recovery planning in an era of rapid ecological change with a transparent, flexible, and expert-engaged approach
In the face of unprecedented ecological changes, the conservation community needs strategies to recover species at risk of extinction. On the Island of Maui, we collaborated with species experts and managers to assist with climate-resilient recovery planning for 36 at-risk native plant species by identifying priority areas for the management of recovery populations. To do this, we...
Authors
Lucas Fortini, Christina Leopold, Fred Amidon, Devin Leopold, Scott Fretz, James D. Jacobi, Loyal Mehrhoff, Jonathan Price, Fern Duval, Matthew Kier, Hank Oppenheimer, Lauren Weisenburger, Robert Sutter
Exploring and integrating differences in niche characteristics across regional and global scales to better understand plant invasions in Hawaiʻi Exploring and integrating differences in niche characteristics across regional and global scales to better understand plant invasions in Hawaiʻi
The spread of ecosystem modifying invasive plant (EMIP) species is one of the largest threats to native ecosystems in Hawaiʻi. However, differences in niche characteristics between Hawaiʻi’s isolated insular environment and the wider global distribution of these species have not been carefully examined. We used species distribution modeling (SDM) methods to assess similarities and...
Authors
Lucas Fortini, Lauren R. Kaiser, Curtis Daehler, James D. Jacobi, Monica Dimson, Thomas W Gillespie
Ohi'a lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha): A most resilient and persistent foundation species in Hawaiian forests Ohi'a lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha): A most resilient and persistent foundation species in Hawaiian forests
Metrosideros polymorpha (‘ōhi‘a, ‘ōhi‘a lehua) is an important foundation species in Hawaiian forest habitats. The genus originated in New Zealand and was dispersed to the Hawaiian archipelago approximately 3.9 million years ago. It evolved into five distinct endemic species and one of these, Metrosideros polymorpha, further differentiated into eight varieties across what are now the...
Authors
James D. Jacobi, Hans Juergen Boehmer, Lucas Fortini, Samuel M. ‘Ohukaniʻōhiʻa Gon III, Linda Mertelmeyer, Jonathan Price
A prioritization protocol for coastal wetland restoration on Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi A prioritization protocol for coastal wetland restoration on Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi
Hawaiian coastal wetlands provide important habitat for federally endangered waterbirds and socio-cultural resources for Native Hawaiians. Currently, Hawaiian coastal wetlands are degraded by development, sedimentation, and invasive species and, thus, require restoration. Little is known about their original structure and function due to the large-scale alteration of the lowland...
Authors
Judith Z. Drexler, Helen Raine, James D. Jacobi, Sally House, Pulama Lima, William Haase, Arleone Dibben-Young, Brett T. Wolfe