James Nichols, Ph.D.
Dr. Jim Nichols conducts research on animal population dynamics and management
Recent Accomplishments
Education
- B.S. Wake Forest University, Biology, 1971
- M.S. Louisiana State University, Wildlife Management, 1973
- Ph.D. Michigan State University, Wildlife Ecology, 1976
Professional Studies/Experience
- Adaptive management and assessment of habitat changes on migratory birds
- Development of models of mallard population dynamics for adaptive harvest management
- Development of methods to estimate parameters associated with animal population dynamics
- Statistical methods for species richness estimation
- Technical Assistance -Tiger Monitoring and Population Research
- Development of methods for estimating patch occupancy and patch-dynamic parameters from detection-nondetection survey data
- Development of methods to estimate species richness and community-dynamic parameters from species list data
Mentorship/Outreach
Professional societies/affiliations/committees/editorial boardsScientific/Oral Presentations, Abstracts
Honors, awards, recognition, elected offices
- 2005 - U.S. Presidential Rank Award (Meritorious Senior Professional)
- 2004 - U.S. Geological Survey Meritorious Service Award
- 2004 - IFAS Scholar Award, University of Florida
- 1998 - Promoted to Senior Scientist, U.S. Geological Survey
- 1991 - The George W. Snedecor Award of the American Statistical Association
- 1991 - The Wildlife Society's Wildlife Publication Award for Monograph
- 1984 - Southeastern Section of the Wildlife Society, Outstanding Publication Award
Scientific/Oral Presentations, Abstracts
Science and Products
Development of Methods Associated with Animal Population Dynamics
The Challenge: Conservation and management of natural animal populations requires knowledge of their dynamics and associated environmental and management influences. Specifically, informed management requires periodic estimates of system state (e.g., population size) and models for projecting consequences of management actions for subsequent state dynamics. However, it is very difficult to draw...
Development of Patch Occupancy Models for Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Organisms
The Challenge: A variety of important questions about the conservation and management of natural resources requires information about the spatial distribution of organisms. For species of conservation concern, the size of a species’ range is a criterion used to assign species status as threatened or endangered. For invasive species and disease organisms, the dynamics of the species range expansion...
Statistical Research for the USGS - Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
The Challenge: Since its inception in 2002 the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) has taken the lead in monitoring amphibian populations on Department of Interior lands. ARMI scientists work on a broad spectrum of species and management issues to address the core causes of amphibian declines. In many cases, research requires complex study designs and innovative methods. A key...
Evaluation of Potential Offshore Wind Projects in the Northeastern U.S. on Endangered Roseate Terns: Who is at Risk and When?
The Challenge: Terns in coastal areas of the Northeastern US likely will be impacted by construction and operation of offshore wind turbines. The “Cape Cod & Islands” (CCMA) area of Massachusetts is a particularly important area for the endangered Northwest Atlantic Roseate Tern (ROST) population as most ROSTs from throughout the breeding range (Nova Scotia to Long Island, New York) congregate...
Avian Indicators of Climate Change Based on the North American Breeding Bird Survey
Appropriate ecological indicators of climate change can be used to measure concurrent changes in ecological systems, inform management decisions, and potentially to project the consequences of climate change. However, many of the available indicators for North American birds do not account for imperfect observation. We proposed to use correlated-detection occupancy models to develop...
SERAP: Assessment of Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Terrestrial Species
Researchers from North Carolina State University and the USGS integrated models of urbanization and vegetation dynamics with the regional climate models to predict vegetation dynamics and assess how landscape change could impact priority species, including North American land birds. This integrated ensemble of models can be used to predict locations where responses to climate change are...
Filter Total Items: 418
A stochastic population model of mid-continental mallards A stochastic population model of mid-continental mallards
We developed a simulation model that integrates infonnation on factors affecting the population dynamics of mallards in the mid-continental region of the United States. In the model we vary age, body mass, and reproductive and molt status of simulated females. Females use several types of nesting and foraging habitat in 15 geographic areas. Deterministic and stochastic events cause...
Authors
Rolf R. Koford, J.R. Sauer, Douglas H. Johnson, J.D. Nichols, M.D. Samuel
Introduction to the Methods Section Introduction to the Methods Section
No abstract available.
Authors
Gary C. White, J.D. Nichols
The relationship between annual survival rate and migration distance in mallards: An examination of the time-allocation hypothesis for the evolution of migration The relationship between annual survival rate and migration distance in mallards: An examination of the time-allocation hypothesis for the evolution of migration
Predictions of the time-allocation hypothesis were tested with several a posteriori analyses of banding data for the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). The time-allocation hypothesis states that the critical difference between resident and migrant birds is their allocation of time to reproduction on the breeding grounds and survival on the nonbreeding grounds. Residents have higher...
Authors
J.B. Hestbeck, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines
Survival of cackling Canada geese, 1982-1988 Survival of cackling Canada geese, 1982-1988
We estimated seasonal and annual survival rates of cackling Canada geese (Branta canadensis minima) for the period 1982-1989 to identify periods of high mortality and assess effects of harvest management decisions. We tested hypotheses about age- and sex specific variation in survival, seasonal variation in survival rates, and variation in survival between years in which hunting seasons...
Authors
Dennis G. Raveling, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, David S. Zezulak, Joseph G. Silveira, James C. Johnson, Thomas W. Aldrich, John A. Weldon
Science, population ecology, and the management of the American black duck Science, population ecology, and the management of the American black duck
This essay deals with the relevance of some of the ideas of Romesburg (1981) to population ecology and management of the American black duck (Anas rubripes). Most investigations dealing with the effects of hunting regulations on black duck populations have used the hypothetico-deductive (H-D) approach of specifying a priori hypotheses and associated deduced predictions. These...
Authors
James D. Nichols
Effect of hunting on annual survival of grey ducks in New Zealand Effect of hunting on annual survival of grey ducks in New Zealand
We used band recovery data from grey ducks (Anas superciliosa) banded in New Zealand between 1957 and 1974 to test 2 null hypotheses: (1) hunting mortality is completely additive to natural sources of mortality, and (2) hunting mortality is completely compensated by changes in natural mortality. We modeled annual survival as a function of survival in the absence of hunting and the...
Authors
Richard J. Barker, James E. Hines, James D. Nichols
Band reporting rates for mallards with reward bands of different dollar values Band reporting rates for mallards with reward bands of different dollar values
Adult male mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were banded in summer 1987 with reward bands of different dollar values (0-$400) to determine the lowest dollar value that would yield a reporting rate approaching 1.0. During the 1987-88 and 1988-89 hunting seasons, rewards of between 50 and $100 were required to yield a reporting rate near 1.0. We estimated reporting rate of standard bands to be...
Authors
James D. Nichols, Robert J. Blohm, Ronald E. Reynolds, Robert E. Trost, James E. Hines, Judith P. Bladen
Estimates of movement and site fidelity using mark-resight data of wintering Canada geese Estimates of movement and site fidelity using mark-resight data of wintering Canada geese
Population ecologists have devoted disproportionate attention to the estimation and study of birth and death rates and far less effort to rates of movement. Movement and fidelity to wintering areas have important ecological and evolutionary implications for avian populations. Previous inferences about movement among and fidelity to wintering areas have been restricted by limitations of...
Authors
J.B. Hestbeck, J.D. Nichols, R.A. Malecki
Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric grey ducks and mallards in New Zealand Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric grey ducks and mallards in New Zealand
We used band recovery data from grey ducks (Anas superciliosa) and mallards. (A. platyrhynchos) banded sympatrically during 1957-74 to estimate annual survival and recovery rates. Young birds tended to have higher recovery rates and lower survival rates than adults for both species. Both species showed strong evidence of year-to-year variation in annual survival rates. Survival rates of...
Authors
Tom Caithness, Murray Williams, James D. Nichols
Population dynamics of American dog ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) along park trails Population dynamics of American dog ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) along park trails
We conducted a mark–recapture study in which drag-collected ticks were removed from some park trails weekly from April to July. Weekly survival rates (probability of surviving and remaining on the trails) were significantly lower on trails used heavily by hikers, horses, and pets than on trails used less frequently. Although usage was the only obvious difference among these trails...
Authors
J. F. Carroll, E. Russek-Cohen, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines
Extensive monitoring programmes viewed as long-term population studies: The case of North American waterfowl Extensive monitoring programmes viewed as long-term population studies: The case of North American waterfowl
Several long-running and geographically extensive survey programmes provide information used to make annual management decisions for North American waterfowl populations. Data from these programmes can also be viewed as resulting from long-term population studies and have formed the basis for a number of retrospective analyses. Short-term studies have been used to investigate mechanisms...
Authors
J.D. Nichols
Science and Products
Development of Methods Associated with Animal Population Dynamics
The Challenge: Conservation and management of natural animal populations requires knowledge of their dynamics and associated environmental and management influences. Specifically, informed management requires periodic estimates of system state (e.g., population size) and models for projecting consequences of management actions for subsequent state dynamics. However, it is very difficult to draw...
Development of Patch Occupancy Models for Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Organisms
The Challenge: A variety of important questions about the conservation and management of natural resources requires information about the spatial distribution of organisms. For species of conservation concern, the size of a species’ range is a criterion used to assign species status as threatened or endangered. For invasive species and disease organisms, the dynamics of the species range expansion...
Statistical Research for the USGS - Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
The Challenge: Since its inception in 2002 the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) has taken the lead in monitoring amphibian populations on Department of Interior lands. ARMI scientists work on a broad spectrum of species and management issues to address the core causes of amphibian declines. In many cases, research requires complex study designs and innovative methods. A key...
Evaluation of Potential Offshore Wind Projects in the Northeastern U.S. on Endangered Roseate Terns: Who is at Risk and When?
The Challenge: Terns in coastal areas of the Northeastern US likely will be impacted by construction and operation of offshore wind turbines. The “Cape Cod & Islands” (CCMA) area of Massachusetts is a particularly important area for the endangered Northwest Atlantic Roseate Tern (ROST) population as most ROSTs from throughout the breeding range (Nova Scotia to Long Island, New York) congregate...
Avian Indicators of Climate Change Based on the North American Breeding Bird Survey
Appropriate ecological indicators of climate change can be used to measure concurrent changes in ecological systems, inform management decisions, and potentially to project the consequences of climate change. However, many of the available indicators for North American birds do not account for imperfect observation. We proposed to use correlated-detection occupancy models to develop...
SERAP: Assessment of Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Terrestrial Species
Researchers from North Carolina State University and the USGS integrated models of urbanization and vegetation dynamics with the regional climate models to predict vegetation dynamics and assess how landscape change could impact priority species, including North American land birds. This integrated ensemble of models can be used to predict locations where responses to climate change are...
Filter Total Items: 418
A stochastic population model of mid-continental mallards A stochastic population model of mid-continental mallards
We developed a simulation model that integrates infonnation on factors affecting the population dynamics of mallards in the mid-continental region of the United States. In the model we vary age, body mass, and reproductive and molt status of simulated females. Females use several types of nesting and foraging habitat in 15 geographic areas. Deterministic and stochastic events cause...
Authors
Rolf R. Koford, J.R. Sauer, Douglas H. Johnson, J.D. Nichols, M.D. Samuel
Introduction to the Methods Section Introduction to the Methods Section
No abstract available.
Authors
Gary C. White, J.D. Nichols
The relationship between annual survival rate and migration distance in mallards: An examination of the time-allocation hypothesis for the evolution of migration The relationship between annual survival rate and migration distance in mallards: An examination of the time-allocation hypothesis for the evolution of migration
Predictions of the time-allocation hypothesis were tested with several a posteriori analyses of banding data for the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). The time-allocation hypothesis states that the critical difference between resident and migrant birds is their allocation of time to reproduction on the breeding grounds and survival on the nonbreeding grounds. Residents have higher...
Authors
J.B. Hestbeck, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines
Survival of cackling Canada geese, 1982-1988 Survival of cackling Canada geese, 1982-1988
We estimated seasonal and annual survival rates of cackling Canada geese (Branta canadensis minima) for the period 1982-1989 to identify periods of high mortality and assess effects of harvest management decisions. We tested hypotheses about age- and sex specific variation in survival, seasonal variation in survival rates, and variation in survival between years in which hunting seasons...
Authors
Dennis G. Raveling, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, David S. Zezulak, Joseph G. Silveira, James C. Johnson, Thomas W. Aldrich, John A. Weldon
Science, population ecology, and the management of the American black duck Science, population ecology, and the management of the American black duck
This essay deals with the relevance of some of the ideas of Romesburg (1981) to population ecology and management of the American black duck (Anas rubripes). Most investigations dealing with the effects of hunting regulations on black duck populations have used the hypothetico-deductive (H-D) approach of specifying a priori hypotheses and associated deduced predictions. These...
Authors
James D. Nichols
Effect of hunting on annual survival of grey ducks in New Zealand Effect of hunting on annual survival of grey ducks in New Zealand
We used band recovery data from grey ducks (Anas superciliosa) banded in New Zealand between 1957 and 1974 to test 2 null hypotheses: (1) hunting mortality is completely additive to natural sources of mortality, and (2) hunting mortality is completely compensated by changes in natural mortality. We modeled annual survival as a function of survival in the absence of hunting and the...
Authors
Richard J. Barker, James E. Hines, James D. Nichols
Band reporting rates for mallards with reward bands of different dollar values Band reporting rates for mallards with reward bands of different dollar values
Adult male mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were banded in summer 1987 with reward bands of different dollar values (0-$400) to determine the lowest dollar value that would yield a reporting rate approaching 1.0. During the 1987-88 and 1988-89 hunting seasons, rewards of between 50 and $100 were required to yield a reporting rate near 1.0. We estimated reporting rate of standard bands to be...
Authors
James D. Nichols, Robert J. Blohm, Ronald E. Reynolds, Robert E. Trost, James E. Hines, Judith P. Bladen
Estimates of movement and site fidelity using mark-resight data of wintering Canada geese Estimates of movement and site fidelity using mark-resight data of wintering Canada geese
Population ecologists have devoted disproportionate attention to the estimation and study of birth and death rates and far less effort to rates of movement. Movement and fidelity to wintering areas have important ecological and evolutionary implications for avian populations. Previous inferences about movement among and fidelity to wintering areas have been restricted by limitations of...
Authors
J.B. Hestbeck, J.D. Nichols, R.A. Malecki
Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric grey ducks and mallards in New Zealand Survival and band recovery rates of sympatric grey ducks and mallards in New Zealand
We used band recovery data from grey ducks (Anas superciliosa) and mallards. (A. platyrhynchos) banded sympatrically during 1957-74 to estimate annual survival and recovery rates. Young birds tended to have higher recovery rates and lower survival rates than adults for both species. Both species showed strong evidence of year-to-year variation in annual survival rates. Survival rates of...
Authors
Tom Caithness, Murray Williams, James D. Nichols
Population dynamics of American dog ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) along park trails Population dynamics of American dog ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) along park trails
We conducted a mark–recapture study in which drag-collected ticks were removed from some park trails weekly from April to July. Weekly survival rates (probability of surviving and remaining on the trails) were significantly lower on trails used heavily by hikers, horses, and pets than on trails used less frequently. Although usage was the only obvious difference among these trails...
Authors
J. F. Carroll, E. Russek-Cohen, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines
Extensive monitoring programmes viewed as long-term population studies: The case of North American waterfowl Extensive monitoring programmes viewed as long-term population studies: The case of North American waterfowl
Several long-running and geographically extensive survey programmes provide information used to make annual management decisions for North American waterfowl populations. Data from these programmes can also be viewed as resulting from long-term population studies and have formed the basis for a number of retrospective analyses. Short-term studies have been used to investigate mechanisms...
Authors
J.D. Nichols