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Past Year Monitoring Data for Kīlauea

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By Kīlauea November 29, 2023

This page presents Kīlauea monitoring data collected over the past year, including earthquake rates, locations, and depths, ground deformation data, and gas data.

 Seismic Data

Earthquake Hypocenters Map and Cross Section - Past Year

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Above Top: Map showing locations of earthquakes during the past year. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes (circles) during the past year. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. Circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.

Earthquake Rates and Depths - Past Year

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Above Top: Number of earthquakes per week during the past year (blue bars). The red line is the cumulative moment (energy) release. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes during the past year in the area shown on the map above. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. On both figures, circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.
Select deformation instuments located on Kīlauea Volcano
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Select deformation instuments located on Kīlauea Volcano. (Public domain.)

Deformation Data

Map of Selected Deformation Stations

For more information on how electronic tiltmeters and GPS receivers help monitor the deformation of Kīlauea Volcano, see the HVO Deformation page. Data plots from additional stations are available from our interactive map. Use the right-side menu to view different types of data.

 

 

 

 

Global Positioning System - Past Year

Kīlauea Summit

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Plot of ground deformation
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Change in distance between two Global Positioning System (GPS) stations located on opposite sides of Kīlauea's caldera. A rapid increase in distance can be interpreted as inflation of the summit magma reservoir.

Middle East Rift Zone

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Plot of ground deformation over the past year
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Change in distance between two stations on the middle East Rift Zone of Kīlauea. A rapid increase in distance can be interpreted as inflation of magma storage chambers in the region.

Gas Data

Sulfur dioxide emission rates - Kīlauea summit - past year

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Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates measured using an upward-looking ultraviolet spectrometer. These data are collected by traversing the gas plume in a vehicle or helicopter, downwind of Halema‘uma‘u, generally within and/or southwest of Kīlauea caldera. Results from multiple traverses during a day are averaged to yield the emission rates shown here. Successful measurements depend on wind, weather, and staff availability. Values are preliminary and are subject to revision.

 

This page presents Kīlauea monitoring data collected over the past year, including earthquake rates, locations, and depths, ground deformation data, and gas data.

 Seismic Data

Earthquake Hypocenters Map and Cross Section - Past Year

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Above Top: Map showing locations of earthquakes during the past year. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes (circles) during the past year. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. Circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.

Earthquake Rates and Depths - Past Year

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Above Top: Number of earthquakes per week during the past year (blue bars). The red line is the cumulative moment (energy) release. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes during the past year in the area shown on the map above. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. On both figures, circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.
Select deformation instuments located on Kīlauea Volcano
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Select deformation instuments located on Kīlauea Volcano. (Public domain.)

Deformation Data

Map of Selected Deformation Stations

For more information on how electronic tiltmeters and GPS receivers help monitor the deformation of Kīlauea Volcano, see the HVO Deformation page. Data plots from additional stations are available from our interactive map. Use the right-side menu to view different types of data.

 

 

 

 

Global Positioning System - Past Year

Kīlauea Summit

Remote image Url
Plot of ground deformation
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Change in distance between two Global Positioning System (GPS) stations located on opposite sides of Kīlauea's caldera. A rapid increase in distance can be interpreted as inflation of the summit magma reservoir.

Middle East Rift Zone

Remote image Url
Plot of ground deformation over the past year
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Change in distance between two stations on the middle East Rift Zone of Kīlauea. A rapid increase in distance can be interpreted as inflation of magma storage chambers in the region.

Gas Data

Sulfur dioxide emission rates - Kīlauea summit - past year

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates measured using an upward-looking ultraviolet spectrometer. These data are collected by traversing the gas plume in a vehicle or helicopter, downwind of Halema‘uma‘u, generally within and/or southwest of Kīlauea caldera. Results from multiple traverses during a day are averaged to yield the emission rates shown here. Successful measurements depend on wind, weather, and staff availability. Values are preliminary and are subject to revision.

 

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