Grasslands are arguably one of the most anthropogenically stressed ecosystems of the western United States. The highly endangered black-footed ferret and prairie dogs epitomize grassland mammals of high conservation concern.
The Utah prairie dog is a federally listed species, while black-tailed prairie dogs, white-tailed prairie dogs, and Gunnison's prairie dogs all have received attention in the form of listing proposals. Research conducted within this project will focus on these imperiled prairie dog communities and their vertebrate and invertebrate associates, but will not necessarily be limited to those communities. Studies will be driven by the need to better understand ecological relationships among grassland animals, interactions of these animals with their environments, and anthropogenic influences affecting these systems. There will be a continuing emphasis on research with conservation applications.
FORT personnel involved in the Grasslands Ecology and Conservation Project maintain close contact with the Black-footed Ferret and Utah Prairie Dog Recovery Implementation Teams, are members of various subcommittees of those groups, and are involved in various other groups working on conservation of prairie dogs and other grassland species.
Below are publications associated with this project.
American badgers selectively excavate burrows in areas used by black-footed ferrets: implications for predator avoidance
Fine-scale habitat use of reintroduced black-footed ferrets on prairie dog colonies in New Mexico
Resource selection models are useful in predicting fine-scale distributions of black-footed ferrets in prairie dog colonies
Information on black-footed ferret biology collected within the framework of ferret conservation
Use of multi-opening burrow systems by black-footed ferrets
Black-footed ferrets and recreational shooting influence the attributes of black-tailed prairie dog burrows
Black-footed ferret digging activity in summer
Interface between black-footed ferret research and operational conservation
Black-footed ferret areas of activity during late summer and fall at Meeteetse, Wyoming
Black-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats as ecological surrogates and ecological equivalents
Environmental enrichment affects adrenocortical stress responses in the endangered black-footed ferret
Mortality of Siberian polecats and black-footed ferrets released onto prairie dog colonies
- Overview
Grasslands are arguably one of the most anthropogenically stressed ecosystems of the western United States. The highly endangered black-footed ferret and prairie dogs epitomize grassland mammals of high conservation concern.
The USGS National Wildlife Health Center is working to develop an oral vaccine to protect the endangered black-footed ferret from plague. Public domain. The Utah prairie dog is a federally listed species, while black-tailed prairie dogs, white-tailed prairie dogs, and Gunnison's prairie dogs all have received attention in the form of listing proposals. Research conducted within this project will focus on these imperiled prairie dog communities and their vertebrate and invertebrate associates, but will not necessarily be limited to those communities. Studies will be driven by the need to better understand ecological relationships among grassland animals, interactions of these animals with their environments, and anthropogenic influences affecting these systems. There will be a continuing emphasis on research with conservation applications.
Recovery efforts for the imperiled Utah prairie dog are greatly hampered by the effects of plague.Public domain. FORT personnel involved in the Grasslands Ecology and Conservation Project maintain close contact with the Black-footed Ferret and Utah Prairie Dog Recovery Implementation Teams, are members of various subcommittees of those groups, and are involved in various other groups working on conservation of prairie dogs and other grassland species.
- Publications
Below are publications associated with this project.
Filter Total Items: 15American badgers selectively excavate burrows in areas used by black-footed ferrets: implications for predator avoidance
We evaluated how American badgers (Taxidea taxus) might exert selective pressure on black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) to develop antipredator defenses. In a colony of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in South Dakota, badgers concentrated their activities where burrow openings and prairie dogs were abundant, a selective behavior that was exhibited by ferrets in the same colonyAuthorsDavid A. Eads, Dean E. Biggins, Travis M. Livieri, Joshua J. MillspaughFine-scale habitat use of reintroduced black-footed ferrets on prairie dog colonies in New Mexico
Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) are among the most endangered animals in North America. Reintroductions of captive-born ferrets onto prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) colonies are crucial to the conservation of the species. In September 2007, captive-born ferrets were released on a black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colony at the Vermejo Park Ranch, New Mexico. Ferret kits experimentAuthorsJennifer G. Chipault, Dean E. Biggins, James K. Detling, Dustin H. Long, Robin M. ReichResource selection models are useful in predicting fine-scale distributions of black-footed ferrets in prairie dog colonies
Wildlife-habitat relationships are often conceptualized as resource selection functions (RSFs)—models increasingly used to estimate species distributions and prioritize habitat conservation. We evaluated the predictive capabilities of 2 black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) RSFs developed on a 452-ha colony of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Conata Basin, South Dakota. WeAuthorsDavid A. Eads, David S. Jachowski, Dean E. Biggins, Travis M. Livieri, Marc R. Matchett, Joshua J. MillspaughInformation on black-footed ferret biology collected within the framework of ferret conservation
Once feared to be extinct, black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) were rediscovered near Meeteetse, Wyoming, in 1981, resulting in renewed conservation and research efforts for this highly endangered species. A need for information directly useful to recovery has motivated much monitoring of ferrets since that time, but field activities have enabled collection of data relevant to broader biologicAuthorsDean E. BigginsUse of multi-opening burrow systems by black-footed ferrets
Multi-opening burrow systems constructed by prairie dogs (Cynomys) ostensibly provide escape routes when prairie dogs are pursued by predators capable of entering the burrows, such as black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes), or by predators that can rapidly dig into the tunnels, such as American badgers (Taxidea taxus). Because badgers also prey on ferrets, ferrets might similarly benefit from mulAuthorsDean E. BigginsBlack-footed ferrets and recreational shooting influence the attributes of black-tailed prairie dog burrows
Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) plug burrows occupied by black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes), and they also plug burrows to entomb dead prairie dogs. We further evaluated these phenomena by sampling connectivity and plugging of burrow openings on prairie dog colonies occupied by ferrets, colonies where recreational shooting was allowed, and colonies with neither shooting nor fAuthorsDean E. Biggins, Shantini Ramakrishnan, Amanda R. Goldberg, David A. EadsBlack-footed ferret digging activity in summer
Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) excavate soil from prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) burrows, thereby creating characteristic soil deposits at burrow openings. These soil deposits have been observed only rarely in summer. We monitored adult ferrets during June–October of the years 2007 and 2008 on a 452-ha colony of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Conata Basin, South DakotAuthorsDavid A. Eads, Dean E. Biggins, Dustin Marsh, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Travis M. LivieriInterface between black-footed ferret research and operational conservation
Questions and problems that emerged during operational conservation of black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) have been addressed by a wide variety of studies. Early results from such studies often were communicated orally during meetings of recovery groups and in written form using memoranda, unpublished reports, and theses. Typically, implementation of results preceded their publication in wideAuthorsDean E. Biggins, Travis M. Livieri, Stewart W. BreckBlack-footed ferret areas of activity during late summer and fall at Meeteetse, Wyoming
Radiotelemetry was used during 1983 and 1984 to collect information on short-term areas of activity for black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) near Meeteetse, Wyoming. This population ultimately provided ferrets for the captive-breeding program that bred and released offspring into the wild since 1991. We fitted 5 adult ferrets and 13 juveniles with radiotransmitters and followed their movementsAuthorsK.A. Fagerstone, D.E. BigginsBlack-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats as ecological surrogates and ecological equivalents
Ecologically equivalent species serve similar functions in different communities, and an ecological surrogate species can be used as a substitute for an equivalent species in a community. Siberian polecats (Mustela eversmanii) and black-footed ferrets (M. nigripes) have long been considered ecological equivalents. Polecats also have been used as investigational surrogates for black-footed ferrets,AuthorsD.E. Biggins, L.R. Hanebury, B.J. Miller, R. A. PowellEnvironmental enrichment affects adrenocortical stress responses in the endangered black-footed ferret
Potential stressors of wildlife living in captivity, such as artificial living conditions and frequent human contact, may lead to a higher occurrence of disease and reduced reproductive function. One successful method used by wildlife managers to improve general well-being is the provision of environmental enrichment, which is the practice of providing animals under managed care with environmentalAuthorsS.A. Poessel, Dean E. Biggins, R.M. Santymire, T.M. Livieri, K.R. Crooks, L. AngeloniMortality of Siberian polecats and black-footed ferrets released onto prairie dog colonies
Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) likely were extirpated from the wild in 1985–1986, and their repatriation depends on captive breeding and reintroduction. Postrelease survival of animals can be affected by behavioral changes induced by captivity. We released neutered Siberian polecats (M. eversmanii), close relatives of ferrets, in 1989–1990 on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianusAuthorsD.E. Biggins, B.J. Miller, L.R. Hanebury, R. A. Powell