Indonesia

In 2024, Indonesia was estimated to be the world’s first-ranked producer of mined nickel, accounting for 62% of global production; the second-ranked producer of mined tin, 19%; the second-ranked producer of mined cobalt, 12%; the sixth-ranked producer of zeolites (natural), 10%; and the sixth-ranked producer of zirconium mineral concentrates, 6%. Other mineral commodities produced in the country included bauxite, copper, ferroalloys, and gold.   

The mining and quarrying sector (excluding mineral fuels) contributed about 3% to the gross domestic product (GDP). The base-metals manufacturing sector contributed about 1% to the GDP. The legislative framework for the mineral sector in Indonesia is provided by law No. 4/2009 and amendment law No. 3/2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining. The Directorate General of Mineral and Coal under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources manages the country’s mineral resources by formulating and implementing policy on mining activities. Mining Industry Indonesia (or MIND ID) is the state-owned mining holding company. Wholly or partially foreign-owned companies included PT Freeport Indonesia Co. (PT–FI), PT Huafei Nickel Cobalt Co. Ltd., PT Tsingshan Steel Indonesia, and PT Vale Indonesia Tbk.