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The area described in this report includes the northern and central parts of Shenandoah Valley in Virginia extending from the West Virginia line southwestward to the vicinity of Greenville, Augusta County. It contains extensive deposits of high-calcium limestone averaging more than 97 per cent calcium carbonate. The Mosheim limestone, composed largely of high-calcium limestone, is the important "q

It is generally recognized that massive thick-bedded sandstones and relatively weak shales and soluble limestones form characteristic surface features. The uncommon effect of a thin argillaceous sandstone in producing ridges in an area in northern Virginia, in which the writer has recently done detailed field work, is briefly described in this paper. This bed, with an average thickness of 2 feet,

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