Although it sounds like a Batman punch, this EarthWord is closer to the Bat than you’d think...
EarthWord–Karst
USGS EarthWord of the Week
EarthWords is an on-going series in which we shed some light on the complicated, often difficult-to-pronounce language of science. Think of us as your terminology tour-guides, and meet us back here every week for a new word!
The EarthWord: Karst
Definition:
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Despite sounding like a Batman punch, karst actually refers to a type of landscape where the underlying rock formations are partially eroded by water. Usually, these areas are made up of limestone or marble.
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The most famous aspect of karst landscapes is caves, which predominantly form when groundwater dissolves limestone and erodes open spaces in the rock.
Etymology:
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Karst is the German name for a limestone region around the Italian city of Trieste.
Use/Significance in the Earth Science Community:
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Karst landscapes make up a large part of the United States, and because of their ability to hold water, are often home to significant sources of groundwater.
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Karst landscapes are also home, as mentioned, to the vast majority of the world’s caves, which themselves are unique ecosystems with important species.
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Finally, because they’re susceptible to erosion beneath the surface, karst landscapes are also at risk for sinkholes, which can range from small to large enough to swallow entire buildings.
USGS Use:
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USGS studies the groundwater aspect of karst in its Office of Groundwater, tracking groundwater quality, quantity, and movement.
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On the cave side of things, USGS studies bats, aquatic insects, and other ecosystem aspects of cave ecology.
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And, last but not least, USGS studies sinkhole hazards, including what causes them and what areas are susceptible.
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