Patrick Shafroth, PhD
Patrick B. Shafroth is a Scientist Emeritus at the Arizona Water Science Center.
Since 1991, Dr. Shafroth has conducted research on river and riparian systems, primarily in arid and semi-arid regions of western U.S. He and his colleagues from the USGS and other institutions have focused their work on understanding relationships between surface and ground-water hydrology, fluvial processes, and the dynamics of native and introduced riparian vegetation. This research has often had strong application to resource management (particularly DOI sister agencies), by providing solid, objective scientific information to inform riparian management and restoration. Specific applications have included studies of large-scale flow experiments, dam removal, effects of invasive species control, system responses to various restoration actions, vegetation responses to drought, and system responses to high intensity wildfires.
Education and Certifications
Ph.D. in Plant Biology, Arizona State University, 1999
M.S. in Forest Ecology, Colorado State University, 1993
B.A. in Environmental Studies and Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, 1989
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 131
Baseline hydrologic studies in the lower Elwha River prior to dam removal Baseline hydrologic studies in the lower Elwha River prior to dam removal
After the removal of two large, long‑standing dams on the Elwha River, Washington, the additional load of sediment and wood is expected to affect the hydrology of the lower river, its estuary, and the alluvial aquifer underlying the surrounding flood plain. To better understand the surface-water and groundwater characteristics of the river and estuary before dam removal, several...
Authors
Christopher S. Magirl, Christopher A. Curran, Rich W. Sheibley, Jonathan A. Warrick, Jonathan A. Czuba, Christiana R. Czuba, Andrew S. Gendaszek, Patrick B. Shafroth, Jeffrey J. Duda, James R. Foreman
Floristic composition, beta diversity, and nestedness of reference sites for restoration of xeroriparian areas Floristic composition, beta diversity, and nestedness of reference sites for restoration of xeroriparian areas
In restoration ecology, reference sites serve as models for areas to be restored and can provide a standard of comparison for restoration project outcomes. When reference sites are located a relatively long distance from associated restoration projects, differences in climate, disturbance history, and biogeography can increase beta diversity and may decrease the relevance of reference...
Authors
Vanessa B. Beauchamp, P.B. Shafroth
Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) and Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in the Western United States-A Report on the State of the Science Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) and Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in the Western United States-A Report on the State of the Science
The Salt Cedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320) directs the Department of the Interior to submit a report to Congress that includes an assessment of several issues surrounding these two nonnative trees, now dominant components of the vegetation along many rivers in the Western United States. This report was published in 2010 as a U.S. Geological...
Authors
Patrick Shafroth
Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment
The primary intent of this document is to provide the science assessment called for under The Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320; the Act). A secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants for prospective demonstration projects, should funds be appropriated for this second phase of the Act. This document synthesizes the...
Authors
Patrick B. Shafroth, Curtis A. Brown, David M. Merritt
Background and introduction: Chapter 1 Background and introduction: Chapter 1
The Salt Cedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320; hereafter the Act) directs the Department of the Interior to submit a report to Congress1 that includes an assessment of several issues surrounding these two nonnative trees, now dominant components of the vegetation along many rivers in the Western United States. Specifically, the Act calls for “…an...
Authors
Patrick B. Shafroth
Beaver dams, hydrological thresholds, and controlled floods as a management tool in a desert riverine ecosystem, Bill Williams River, Arizona Beaver dams, hydrological thresholds, and controlled floods as a management tool in a desert riverine ecosystem, Bill Williams River, Arizona
Beaver convert lotic stream habitat to lentic through dam construction, and the process is reversed when a flood or other event causes dam failure. We investigated both processes on a regulated Sonoran Desert stream, using the criterion that average current velocity is 0.2 m s-1 in a lentic reach. We estimated temporal change in the lotic:lentic stream length ratio by relating beaver...
Authors
D.C. Andersen, P.B. Shafroth
Ecosystem effects of environmental flows: Modelling and experimental floods in a dryland river Ecosystem effects of environmental flows: Modelling and experimental floods in a dryland river
Successful environmental flow prescriptions require an accurate understanding of the linkages among flow events, geomorphic processes and biotic responses. We describe models and results from experimental flow releases associated with an environmental flow program on the Bill Williams River (BWR), Arizona, in arid to semiarid western U.S.A. Two general approaches for improving knowledge...
Authors
P.B. Shafroth, A.C. Wilcox, D.A. Lytle, J.T. Hickey, D.C. Andersen, Vanessa B. Beauchamp, A. Hautzinger, L.E. McMullen, A. Warner
Distribution and abundance of Saltcedar and Russian Olive in the western United States: Chapter 2 Distribution and abundance of Saltcedar and Russian Olive in the western United States: Chapter 2
Public Law 109-320 calls for “…an assessment of the extent of saltcedar and Russian olive infestation on public and private land in the western United States.” Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.; also known as tamarisk) and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) are now frequent and abundant components of the woody riparian vegetation along many Western U.S. rivers (Friedman and others, 2005...
Authors
Pamela L. Nagler, Edward P. Glenn, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Patrick B. Shafroth
Saltcedar and Russian olive control demonstration act science assessment [Executive summary] Saltcedar and Russian olive control demonstration act science assessment [Executive summary]
The primary intent of this document is to provide the science assessment called for under The Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–320; the Act). A secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants for prospective demonstration projects, should funds be appropriated for this second phase of the Act. This document synthesizes the...
Authors
Pamela L. Nagler, Patrick B. Shafroth, James W. LaBaugh, Keirith A. Snyder, Russell L. Scott, David M. Merritt, John Osterberg
Demonstration projects and long-term considerations associated with saltcedar and Russian olive control and riparian restoration: Chapter 8 Demonstration projects and long-term considerations associated with saltcedar and Russian olive control and riparian restoration: Chapter 8
Whereas the primary intent of this document is to provide the science assessment called for under The Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act (“the Act”), a secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants to develop prospective demonstration projects. Conducting demonstration projects is a second phase of the Act for which funds have not yet been...
Authors
David M. Merritt, Patrick B. Shafroth
Restoration and revegetation associated with control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 7 Restoration and revegetation associated with control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 7
Rationales for controlling or eliminating saltcedar and Russian olive from sites, river reaches, or entire streams include implicit or explicit assumptions that natural recovery or applied restoration of native plant communities will follow exotic plant removal (McDaniel and Taylor, 2003; Quimby and others, 2003). The vegetation that replaces saltcedar and Russian olive after treatment (
Authors
Patrick B. Shafroth, David M. Merritt, Vanessa B. Beauchamp, Kenneth D. Lair
The potential for water savings through the control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 3 The potential for water savings through the control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 3
This chapter discusses the components of the water budget for a riparian system containing large stands of saltcedar or Russian olive—that is, how water is used by the plant community and how that use affects both streamflow volume and groundwater levels. The relation of water availability to the hydrologic cycle and geomorphic setting in the Western United States, as well as the...
Authors
Pamela L. Nagler, Patrick B. Shafroth, James W. LaBaugh, Keirith A. Snyder, Russell L. Scott, David M. Merritt, John Osterberg
Non-USGS Publications**
Shafroth, P.B., J.C. Stromberg, D.T. Patten, A.E. Springer, and J.M. Wright. 1996. Ground-water recharge and riparian habitat enhancement from water discharged from New Waddell Dam into the Agua Fria River: Phase I--Planning and feasibility. Final Report to Arizona Dept. of Water Resources - Phoenix Active Management Area. Phoenix, AZ78+ap p.
Shafroth, P.B., J.M. Friedman, and L.S. Ischinger. 1994. River salinity has little influence on establishment of cottonwood and saltcedar. Research Information Bulletin 94-95. NBS Information Bulletin.
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
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Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 131
Baseline hydrologic studies in the lower Elwha River prior to dam removal Baseline hydrologic studies in the lower Elwha River prior to dam removal
After the removal of two large, long‑standing dams on the Elwha River, Washington, the additional load of sediment and wood is expected to affect the hydrology of the lower river, its estuary, and the alluvial aquifer underlying the surrounding flood plain. To better understand the surface-water and groundwater characteristics of the river and estuary before dam removal, several...
Authors
Christopher S. Magirl, Christopher A. Curran, Rich W. Sheibley, Jonathan A. Warrick, Jonathan A. Czuba, Christiana R. Czuba, Andrew S. Gendaszek, Patrick B. Shafroth, Jeffrey J. Duda, James R. Foreman
Floristic composition, beta diversity, and nestedness of reference sites for restoration of xeroriparian areas Floristic composition, beta diversity, and nestedness of reference sites for restoration of xeroriparian areas
In restoration ecology, reference sites serve as models for areas to be restored and can provide a standard of comparison for restoration project outcomes. When reference sites are located a relatively long distance from associated restoration projects, differences in climate, disturbance history, and biogeography can increase beta diversity and may decrease the relevance of reference...
Authors
Vanessa B. Beauchamp, P.B. Shafroth
Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) and Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in the Western United States-A Report on the State of the Science Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) and Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) in the Western United States-A Report on the State of the Science
The Salt Cedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320) directs the Department of the Interior to submit a report to Congress that includes an assessment of several issues surrounding these two nonnative trees, now dominant components of the vegetation along many rivers in the Western United States. This report was published in 2010 as a U.S. Geological...
Authors
Patrick Shafroth
Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment
The primary intent of this document is to provide the science assessment called for under The Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320; the Act). A secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants for prospective demonstration projects, should funds be appropriated for this second phase of the Act. This document synthesizes the...
Authors
Patrick B. Shafroth, Curtis A. Brown, David M. Merritt
Background and introduction: Chapter 1 Background and introduction: Chapter 1
The Salt Cedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320; hereafter the Act) directs the Department of the Interior to submit a report to Congress1 that includes an assessment of several issues surrounding these two nonnative trees, now dominant components of the vegetation along many rivers in the Western United States. Specifically, the Act calls for “…an...
Authors
Patrick B. Shafroth
Beaver dams, hydrological thresholds, and controlled floods as a management tool in a desert riverine ecosystem, Bill Williams River, Arizona Beaver dams, hydrological thresholds, and controlled floods as a management tool in a desert riverine ecosystem, Bill Williams River, Arizona
Beaver convert lotic stream habitat to lentic through dam construction, and the process is reversed when a flood or other event causes dam failure. We investigated both processes on a regulated Sonoran Desert stream, using the criterion that average current velocity is 0.2 m s-1 in a lentic reach. We estimated temporal change in the lotic:lentic stream length ratio by relating beaver...
Authors
D.C. Andersen, P.B. Shafroth
Ecosystem effects of environmental flows: Modelling and experimental floods in a dryland river Ecosystem effects of environmental flows: Modelling and experimental floods in a dryland river
Successful environmental flow prescriptions require an accurate understanding of the linkages among flow events, geomorphic processes and biotic responses. We describe models and results from experimental flow releases associated with an environmental flow program on the Bill Williams River (BWR), Arizona, in arid to semiarid western U.S.A. Two general approaches for improving knowledge...
Authors
P.B. Shafroth, A.C. Wilcox, D.A. Lytle, J.T. Hickey, D.C. Andersen, Vanessa B. Beauchamp, A. Hautzinger, L.E. McMullen, A. Warner
Distribution and abundance of Saltcedar and Russian Olive in the western United States: Chapter 2 Distribution and abundance of Saltcedar and Russian Olive in the western United States: Chapter 2
Public Law 109-320 calls for “…an assessment of the extent of saltcedar and Russian olive infestation on public and private land in the western United States.” Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.; also known as tamarisk) and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) are now frequent and abundant components of the woody riparian vegetation along many Western U.S. rivers (Friedman and others, 2005...
Authors
Pamela L. Nagler, Edward P. Glenn, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Patrick B. Shafroth
Saltcedar and Russian olive control demonstration act science assessment [Executive summary] Saltcedar and Russian olive control demonstration act science assessment [Executive summary]
The primary intent of this document is to provide the science assessment called for under The Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–320; the Act). A secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants for prospective demonstration projects, should funds be appropriated for this second phase of the Act. This document synthesizes the...
Authors
Pamela L. Nagler, Patrick B. Shafroth, James W. LaBaugh, Keirith A. Snyder, Russell L. Scott, David M. Merritt, John Osterberg
Demonstration projects and long-term considerations associated with saltcedar and Russian olive control and riparian restoration: Chapter 8 Demonstration projects and long-term considerations associated with saltcedar and Russian olive control and riparian restoration: Chapter 8
Whereas the primary intent of this document is to provide the science assessment called for under The Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act (“the Act”), a secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants to develop prospective demonstration projects. Conducting demonstration projects is a second phase of the Act for which funds have not yet been...
Authors
David M. Merritt, Patrick B. Shafroth
Restoration and revegetation associated with control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 7 Restoration and revegetation associated with control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 7
Rationales for controlling or eliminating saltcedar and Russian olive from sites, river reaches, or entire streams include implicit or explicit assumptions that natural recovery or applied restoration of native plant communities will follow exotic plant removal (McDaniel and Taylor, 2003; Quimby and others, 2003). The vegetation that replaces saltcedar and Russian olive after treatment (
Authors
Patrick B. Shafroth, David M. Merritt, Vanessa B. Beauchamp, Kenneth D. Lair
The potential for water savings through the control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 3 The potential for water savings through the control of saltcedar and Russian olive: Chapter 3
This chapter discusses the components of the water budget for a riparian system containing large stands of saltcedar or Russian olive—that is, how water is used by the plant community and how that use affects both streamflow volume and groundwater levels. The relation of water availability to the hydrologic cycle and geomorphic setting in the Western United States, as well as the...
Authors
Pamela L. Nagler, Patrick B. Shafroth, James W. LaBaugh, Keirith A. Snyder, Russell L. Scott, David M. Merritt, John Osterberg
Non-USGS Publications**
Shafroth, P.B., J.C. Stromberg, D.T. Patten, A.E. Springer, and J.M. Wright. 1996. Ground-water recharge and riparian habitat enhancement from water discharged from New Waddell Dam into the Agua Fria River: Phase I--Planning and feasibility. Final Report to Arizona Dept. of Water Resources - Phoenix Active Management Area. Phoenix, AZ78+ap p.
Shafroth, P.B., J.M. Friedman, and L.S. Ischinger. 1994. River salinity has little influence on establishment of cottonwood and saltcedar. Research Information Bulletin 94-95. NBS Information Bulletin.
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
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