Philip A. Freeman (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Economics of Energy Transitions
This task conducts research to characterize or evaluate the economics of developing technologies or markets in geologic resources. Such research can analyze the relative risks, costs, and benefits from the utilization and not just the extraction of underground resource. Economic analysis builds upon the geologic resource assessment work by other tasks in the Utilization of Carbon and other Energy...
Economics, Energy Resources, and Future Energy Supply
The members of this project have prepared a number of analyses that constitute the economic components of energy resource assessments. They have also proposed enhancements to geologic assessment data and methods that make results of assessments immediately amenable to economic analysis. In addition, they apply theoretically sound valuation methodologies to assess the commercial value of currently...
Economics of Global Marginal Hydrocarbon and Non-traditional Resources
During the last decade many producing countries have reassigned conventional oil and gas development rights to their national oil companies (NOCs). In fact the 13 largest energy companies, when measured by oil and gas reserves, are controlled by sovereign governments. The result is that the NOC’s will control a significant share of future oil and gas production. The international oil companies...
Economics of U.S. Oil and Gas Resources
The U.S. Geological Survey prepares geologic assessments of undiscovered and undeveloped (identified) oil and gas resources (see National Oil and Gas Assessment website). In addition to our USGS oil and gas geologic assessments, economic research gives policymakers and analysts in the private sector additional information by scaling economic variables. Economic attributes must include the costs of...
Filter Total Items: 14
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - California Basins: Chapter Q, Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - California Basins: Chapter Q, Spatial Data
This data release provides shapefiles that represent storage assessment units (SAUs) and drilling-density cells in the Central California Coast, Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Joaquin, and Ventura Basins of California in the United States. The SAU is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2...
Federal Lands Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sequestration in the United States: Estimates 2005-22 - Data Federal Lands Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sequestration in the United States: Estimates 2005-22 - Data
This dataset includes eighteen years of emissions and sequestration estimates (2005-2022) in two separate tables. Table 1 includes the greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion and extraction of fossil fuels on Federal mineral lands. Table 2 is the emissions and sequestration from ecosystem processes on Federal surface lands. The fossil fuel related estimates include the greenhouse...
Lithium observations, machine-learning predictions, and mass estimates from the Smackover Formation brines in southern Arkansas Lithium observations, machine-learning predictions, and mass estimates from the Smackover Formation brines in southern Arkansas
Global demand for lithium, the primary component of lithium-ion batteries, greatly exceeds known supplies and this imbalance is expected to increase as the world transitions away from fossil fuel energy sources. The goal of this work was to calculate the total lithium mass in brines of the Reynolds oolite unit of the Smackover Formation in southern Arkansas using predicted lithium...
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Anadarko and Southern Oklahoma Basins: Chapter R. Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Anadarko and Southern Oklahoma Basins: Chapter R. Spatial Data
This data release provides shapefiles that represent storage assessment units (SAUs) and drilling-density cells in the Anadarko and Southern Oklahoma Basins of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas in the United States. The SAU is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources...
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - Appalachian Basin, Black Warrior Basin, Illinois Basin, and Michigan Basin: Chapter P, Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - Appalachian Basin, Black Warrior Basin, Illinois Basin, and Michigan Basin: Chapter P, Spatial Data
The storage assessment unit (SAU) is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources. The SAU is shown here as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the assessment interval. Individual SAUs are defined on the basis of common...
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Wind River Basin: Chapter O, Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Wind River Basin: Chapter O, Spatial Data
The storage assessment unit (SAU) is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources. The SAU is shown here as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the assessment interval. Individual SAUs are defined on the basis of common...
Filter Total Items: 77
A probabilistic assessment methodology for the evaluation of geologic energy storage capacity—Natural gas storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs A probabilistic assessment methodology for the evaluation of geologic energy storage capacity—Natural gas storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs
The need for energy storage, particularly underground, where capacity and duration may far exceed battery storage technologies, is especially relevant given the increasing demands for reliable power alongside the development of intermittent renewable electricity sources. Geologic energy storage facilities already exist, and expanded use would enable storing gases such as methane and...
Authors
Marc L. Buursink, Ashton M. Wiens, Matthew M. Jones, Brian A. Varela, Philip A. Freeman, Sean T. Brennan, Matthew D. Merrill, Peter D. Warwick
Review and synthesis of the applications of machine learning to coalbed methane recovery Review and synthesis of the applications of machine learning to coalbed methane recovery
Over the last 30 years, a substantial literature has evolved on the use of machine learning (ML) to assess, predict, and improve the efficiency of coalbed methane (CBM) recovery. In the United States, the production of CBM declined as shale gas production matured, but CBM continues to be an important energy resource in other parts of the world. ML applications that have the potential to...
Authors
E. D. Attanasi, Timothy Coburn, Philip A. Freeman
Machine learning provides reconnaissance-type estimates of carbon dioxide storage resources in oil and gas reservoirs Machine learning provides reconnaissance-type estimates of carbon dioxide storage resources in oil and gas reservoirs
Oil and gas reservoirs represent suitable containers to sequester carbon dioxide (CO2) in a supercritical state because they are accessible, reservoir properties are known, and they previously contained stored buoyant fluids. However, planners must quantify the relative magnitude of the CO2 storage resource in these reservoirs to formulate a comprehensive strategy for CO2 mitigation...
Authors
E. D. Attanasi, Philip A. Freeman, Timothy C. Coburn
Lithium resource in the Smackover Formation brines of Southern Arkansas Lithium resource in the Smackover Formation brines of Southern Arkansas
Lithium-rich brine deposits occur throughout the United States, including in the Smackover Formation. The concentration of lithium in Smackover Formation brines was predicted across southern Arkansas by using a machine-learning model that incorporated lithium concentration data and geologic information. Between 5.1 and 19.0 million metric tons of lithium are calculated to be present in...
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Andrew L. Masterson, Philip A. Freeman, Bonnie McDevitt, Amanda H. Herzberg, Peng Li, Ciara Mills, Colin Doolan, Aaron M. Jubb, Scott M. Ausbrooks, Jessica Chenault
New methodology for assessing underground natural gas storage resources – Example from Michigan Basin, United States New methodology for assessing underground natural gas storage resources – Example from Michigan Basin, United States
Energy consumption in the United States (U.S.) and across the world is shifting away from traditional fossil fuels like coal and oil, and towards natural gas and renewable sources, including hydrogen. Because gas demand is typically greatest during cold seasons and renewable sources sometimes produce variable supplies, it is important to store energy for use when demand exceeds supply...
Authors
Marc L. Buursink, Ashton M. Wiens, Brian A. Varela, Matthew M. Jones, Philip A. Freeman
Methodology for inclusion of produced and stored carbon dioxide in the U.S. Geological Survey Federal lands greenhouse gas inventory Methodology for inclusion of produced and stored carbon dioxide in the U.S. Geological Survey Federal lands greenhouse gas inventory
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed two new carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sequestration accounting methods for use in future reports. The first method is a Federal lease-produced CO2 emissions calculation for an update of the report, “Federal Lands Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sequestration in the United States.” The methodology to incorporate Federal lease CO2...
Authors
Philip A. Freeman, Matthew D. Merrill
Science and Products
Economics of Energy Transitions
This task conducts research to characterize or evaluate the economics of developing technologies or markets in geologic resources. Such research can analyze the relative risks, costs, and benefits from the utilization and not just the extraction of underground resource. Economic analysis builds upon the geologic resource assessment work by other tasks in the Utilization of Carbon and other Energy...
Economics, Energy Resources, and Future Energy Supply
The members of this project have prepared a number of analyses that constitute the economic components of energy resource assessments. They have also proposed enhancements to geologic assessment data and methods that make results of assessments immediately amenable to economic analysis. In addition, they apply theoretically sound valuation methodologies to assess the commercial value of currently...
Economics of Global Marginal Hydrocarbon and Non-traditional Resources
During the last decade many producing countries have reassigned conventional oil and gas development rights to their national oil companies (NOCs). In fact the 13 largest energy companies, when measured by oil and gas reserves, are controlled by sovereign governments. The result is that the NOC’s will control a significant share of future oil and gas production. The international oil companies...
Economics of U.S. Oil and Gas Resources
The U.S. Geological Survey prepares geologic assessments of undiscovered and undeveloped (identified) oil and gas resources (see National Oil and Gas Assessment website). In addition to our USGS oil and gas geologic assessments, economic research gives policymakers and analysts in the private sector additional information by scaling economic variables. Economic attributes must include the costs of...
Filter Total Items: 14
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - California Basins: Chapter Q, Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - California Basins: Chapter Q, Spatial Data
This data release provides shapefiles that represent storage assessment units (SAUs) and drilling-density cells in the Central California Coast, Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Joaquin, and Ventura Basins of California in the United States. The SAU is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2...
Federal Lands Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sequestration in the United States: Estimates 2005-22 - Data Federal Lands Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sequestration in the United States: Estimates 2005-22 - Data
This dataset includes eighteen years of emissions and sequestration estimates (2005-2022) in two separate tables. Table 1 includes the greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion and extraction of fossil fuels on Federal mineral lands. Table 2 is the emissions and sequestration from ecosystem processes on Federal surface lands. The fossil fuel related estimates include the greenhouse...
Lithium observations, machine-learning predictions, and mass estimates from the Smackover Formation brines in southern Arkansas Lithium observations, machine-learning predictions, and mass estimates from the Smackover Formation brines in southern Arkansas
Global demand for lithium, the primary component of lithium-ion batteries, greatly exceeds known supplies and this imbalance is expected to increase as the world transitions away from fossil fuel energy sources. The goal of this work was to calculate the total lithium mass in brines of the Reynolds oolite unit of the Smackover Formation in southern Arkansas using predicted lithium...
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Anadarko and Southern Oklahoma Basins: Chapter R. Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Anadarko and Southern Oklahoma Basins: Chapter R. Spatial Data
This data release provides shapefiles that represent storage assessment units (SAUs) and drilling-density cells in the Anadarko and Southern Oklahoma Basins of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas in the United States. The SAU is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources...
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - Appalachian Basin, Black Warrior Basin, Illinois Basin, and Michigan Basin: Chapter P, Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - Appalachian Basin, Black Warrior Basin, Illinois Basin, and Michigan Basin: Chapter P, Spatial Data
The storage assessment unit (SAU) is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources. The SAU is shown here as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the assessment interval. Individual SAUs are defined on the basis of common...
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Wind River Basin: Chapter O, Spatial Data Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Wind River Basin: Chapter O, Spatial Data
The storage assessment unit (SAU) is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources. The SAU is shown here as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the assessment interval. Individual SAUs are defined on the basis of common...
Filter Total Items: 77
A probabilistic assessment methodology for the evaluation of geologic energy storage capacity—Natural gas storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs A probabilistic assessment methodology for the evaluation of geologic energy storage capacity—Natural gas storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs
The need for energy storage, particularly underground, where capacity and duration may far exceed battery storage technologies, is especially relevant given the increasing demands for reliable power alongside the development of intermittent renewable electricity sources. Geologic energy storage facilities already exist, and expanded use would enable storing gases such as methane and...
Authors
Marc L. Buursink, Ashton M. Wiens, Matthew M. Jones, Brian A. Varela, Philip A. Freeman, Sean T. Brennan, Matthew D. Merrill, Peter D. Warwick
Review and synthesis of the applications of machine learning to coalbed methane recovery Review and synthesis of the applications of machine learning to coalbed methane recovery
Over the last 30 years, a substantial literature has evolved on the use of machine learning (ML) to assess, predict, and improve the efficiency of coalbed methane (CBM) recovery. In the United States, the production of CBM declined as shale gas production matured, but CBM continues to be an important energy resource in other parts of the world. ML applications that have the potential to...
Authors
E. D. Attanasi, Timothy Coburn, Philip A. Freeman
Machine learning provides reconnaissance-type estimates of carbon dioxide storage resources in oil and gas reservoirs Machine learning provides reconnaissance-type estimates of carbon dioxide storage resources in oil and gas reservoirs
Oil and gas reservoirs represent suitable containers to sequester carbon dioxide (CO2) in a supercritical state because they are accessible, reservoir properties are known, and they previously contained stored buoyant fluids. However, planners must quantify the relative magnitude of the CO2 storage resource in these reservoirs to formulate a comprehensive strategy for CO2 mitigation...
Authors
E. D. Attanasi, Philip A. Freeman, Timothy C. Coburn
Lithium resource in the Smackover Formation brines of Southern Arkansas Lithium resource in the Smackover Formation brines of Southern Arkansas
Lithium-rich brine deposits occur throughout the United States, including in the Smackover Formation. The concentration of lithium in Smackover Formation brines was predicted across southern Arkansas by using a machine-learning model that incorporated lithium concentration data and geologic information. Between 5.1 and 19.0 million metric tons of lithium are calculated to be present in...
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Andrew L. Masterson, Philip A. Freeman, Bonnie McDevitt, Amanda H. Herzberg, Peng Li, Ciara Mills, Colin Doolan, Aaron M. Jubb, Scott M. Ausbrooks, Jessica Chenault
New methodology for assessing underground natural gas storage resources – Example from Michigan Basin, United States New methodology for assessing underground natural gas storage resources – Example from Michigan Basin, United States
Energy consumption in the United States (U.S.) and across the world is shifting away from traditional fossil fuels like coal and oil, and towards natural gas and renewable sources, including hydrogen. Because gas demand is typically greatest during cold seasons and renewable sources sometimes produce variable supplies, it is important to store energy for use when demand exceeds supply...
Authors
Marc L. Buursink, Ashton M. Wiens, Brian A. Varela, Matthew M. Jones, Philip A. Freeman
Methodology for inclusion of produced and stored carbon dioxide in the U.S. Geological Survey Federal lands greenhouse gas inventory Methodology for inclusion of produced and stored carbon dioxide in the U.S. Geological Survey Federal lands greenhouse gas inventory
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed two new carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sequestration accounting methods for use in future reports. The first method is a Federal lease-produced CO2 emissions calculation for an update of the report, “Federal Lands Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sequestration in the United States.” The methodology to incorporate Federal lease CO2...
Authors
Philip A. Freeman, Matthew D. Merrill