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Phillip D Hays

Staff

 

Science and Products

Filter Total Items: 21

Effects of climate and land-use change on thermal springs recharge—A system-based coupled surface-water and groundwater-flow model for Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas

A three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework of the Hot Springs anticlinorium beneath Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, was constructed to represent the complex hydrogeology of the park and surrounding areas to depths exceeding 9,000 feet below ground surface. The framework, composed of 6 rock formations and 1 vertical fault emplaced beneath the thermal springs, was discretized into 19 layers, 4
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Water Resources, Science and Decisions Center, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Phosphorus runoff risk assessment in karstic regions of the U.S.

The Phosphorus (P) Index risk assessment tool has been widely adopted across the U.S. to identify and rank site vulnerability to P runoff as part of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) nutrient management planning (NMP) process. However, limited success has been achieved in addressing the risk of P loss by subsurface flow pathways, despite its relative importance in certain areas of
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Encylopedia of Caves

For many people, a visit to a cave is a wondrous event directing our minds to ponder the mysteries presented by these unique places and inspiring questions: How old is the cave? What was the role of water in forming the cave and where did the water come from? How is the cave connected to the surface environment? These are intriguing questions to ask, and karst scientists use isotope geochemistry t
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Coupling high-frequency stream metabolism and nutrient monitoring to explore biogeochemical controls on downstream nitrate delivery

Instream biogeochemical process measurements are often short-term and localized. Here we use in situ sensors to quantify the net effects of biogeochemical processes on seasonal patterns in baseflow nitrate retention at the river-reach scale. Dual-station high-frequency in situ nitrate measurements, were coupled with high-frequency measurements of stream metabolism and dissolved inorganic carbon, i
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Carbon cycling in the mantled karst of the Ozark Plateaus, central United States

The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the unsaturated zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace inorganic-C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Platea
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Hydrogeology and hydrologic conditions of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system

The hydrogeology and hydrologic characteristics of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system were characterized as part of ongoing U.S. Geological Survey efforts to assess groundwater availability across the Nation. The need for such a study in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province (Ozark Plateaus) is highlighted by increasing demand on groundwater resources by the 5.3 million people of the Ozark Plat
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Water Resources, Water Availability and Use Science Program, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma

A hydrogeologic framework was constructed to represent the altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units within the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system as part of a regional groundwater-flow model supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Water Availability and Use Science Program. The Ozark Plateaus aquifer system study area is nearly 70,000 square miles and includes parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missour
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Water Resources, Water Availability and Use Science Program, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Trace-metal and organic constituent concentrations in bed sediment at Big Base and Little Base Lakes, Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas—Comparisons to sediment-quality guidelines and indications for timing of exposure

This report compares concentrations for a wide range of inorganic and organic constituents in bed sediment from Big Base Lake and Little Base Lake, which are located on Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, to sediment-quality guidelines. This report also compares trace-metal concentrations in a bed-sediment core sample to sediment age to determine when the highest concentrations of trace metals w
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Water Resources, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Using stable isotopes of carbon to investigate the seasonal variation of carbon transfer in a northwestern Arkansas cave

Stable-isotope analyses are valuable in karst settings, where characterizing biogeochemical cycling of carbon along groundwater flow paths is critical for understanding and protecting sensitive cave and karst water resources. This study quantified the seasonal changes in concentration and isotopic composition (δ13C) of aqueous and gaseous carbon species—dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and gaseous
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Water Resources, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Aquifers of Arkansas: protection, management, and hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Arkansas

Sixteen aquifers in Arkansas that currently serve or have served as sources of water supply are described with respect to existing groundwater protection and management programs, geology, hydrologic characteristics, water use, water levels, deductive analysis, projections of hydrologic conditions, and water quality. State and Federal protection and management programs are described according to re
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Water Resources, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Geochemical and isotopic variations in shallow groundwater in areas of the Fayetteville Shale development, north-central Arkansas

Exploration of unconventional natural gas reservoirs such as impermeable shale basins through the use of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has changed the energy landscape in the USA providing a vast new energy source. The accelerated production of natural gas has triggered a debate concerning the safety and possible environmental impacts of these operations. This study investigates one
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Water Resources, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Using isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon species and water to separate sources of recharge in a cave spring, northwestern Arkansas, USA Blowing Spring Cave

Blowing Spring Cave in northwestern Arkansas is representative of cave systems in the karst of the Ozark Plateaus, and stable isotopes of water (δ18O and δ2H) and inorganic carbon (δ13C) were used to quantify soil-water, bedrock-matrix water, and precipitation contributions to cave-spring flow during storm events to understand controls on cave water quality. Water samples from recharge-zone soils
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Water Resources, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Non-USGS Publications**

Laincz, Jozef, Phillip D. Hays, Byron Winston, 2011, Nitrate carbon processing in the interflow zone of mantled karst, U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group National Meeting, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5020
Ming-Xing Ling, Fatemeh Sedaghatpour, Fang-Zhen Teng, Phillip D. Hays, Josiah Strauss and Weidong Sun, 2011, Homogeneous magnesium isotopic composition of seawater: an excellent geostandard for Mg isotope analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2011, 25, 2828–2836, DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5172
Kresse, Timothy M., Phillip D. Hays, Mark R. Hudson, and James E. Kaufmann, in review, The Relation of Land use, Geology, and Karst Features to Groundwater Quality in the Ozark Mountains of Northern Arkansas and Southern Missouri, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-xxx, 82p
Knierim, K. J., Pollock, E.D., and Hays, P.D., 2011, Using labeled isotopes to trace groundwater flow paths in a northwestern Arkansas cave: U. S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5020, Fayetteville, Arkansas, p. 67 – 73.
Knierim, K.J., Hays, P.D., and Bowman, D., 2015, Quantifying the variability in Escherichia coli (E. coli) throughout storm events at a karst spring in northwestern Arkansas, United States: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 74, p. 4607–4623, doi: 10.1007/s12665-015-4416-5.
Knierim, K.J., Pollock, E., Hays, P., and Khojasteh, J., 2015, Using Stable Isotopes of Carbon to Investigate the Seasonal Variation of Carbon Transfer in a Northwestern Arkansas Cave: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 77, p. 12–27, doi: 10.4311/2011ES0264
Katherine J. Knierim and Phillip D. Hays, 2014, PECCI code (Python™ Estimation for Carbon Concentration and Isotopes) for Calculating the Concentration and Stable Carbon Isotopic Composition of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) in Precipitation for northwestern Arkansas, UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS/US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ARKANSAS WATER RESOURCES CENTER, MSC PUBLICATION 370, 25 p.
DeFauw, S.L., K.R. Brye, T.J. Sauer, and P.D. Hays. 2014. Hydraulic and physiochemical properties of a hillslope soil assemblage in the Ozark Highlands. Soil Sci. 179:107-117.

**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.

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North Alluvial Aquifer Modeling Area Map - Arkansas

Ground-Water Modeling Support - Arkansas

Short Title: North Ground-Water ModelProject Chief: Phillip HaysCooperators: Arkansas Natural Resources CommissionProject Time Frame: 2005 - presentSeveral counties in eastern and southern Arkansas have been designated Critical Ground-Water Areas (areas where alluvial aquifer water levels dropped below 50 percent of the original saturated thickness or below the top of the Sparta Sand) by the...
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
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Ground-Water Modeling Support - Arkansas

Short Title: North Ground-Water ModelProject Chief: Phillip HaysCooperators: Arkansas Natural Resources CommissionProject Time Frame: 2005 - presentSeveral counties in eastern and southern Arkansas have been designated Critical Ground-Water Areas (areas where alluvial aquifer water levels dropped below 50 percent of the original saturated thickness or below the top of the Sparta Sand) by the...
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Spring in the Ozark Mountains - Arkansas

A Method for Identifying Karst Features in the Ozarks and Their Correlation to Ground-Water Quality Impacts

Short Title: Ozark Karst StudyProject Chiefs: Tim Kresse (USGS-Water), Phil Hays (USGS-Water), James Kaufmann (USGS-Geography), Mark Hudson (USGS-Geology), Esther Stroh (USGS-Biology)Cooperator: U.S. Geological SurveyProject Time Frame: 2007 - 2011Three major physiographic provinces in the Ozark Plateaus in Arkansas and Missouri include diverse topography and geomorphology, which greatly affects...
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
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A Method for Identifying Karst Features in the Ozarks and Their Correlation to Ground-Water Quality Impacts

Short Title: Ozark Karst StudyProject Chiefs: Tim Kresse (USGS-Water), Phil Hays (USGS-Water), James Kaufmann (USGS-Geography), Mark Hudson (USGS-Geology), Esther Stroh (USGS-Biology)Cooperator: U.S. Geological SurveyProject Time Frame: 2007 - 2011Three major physiographic provinces in the Ozark Plateaus in Arkansas and Missouri include diverse topography and geomorphology, which greatly affects...
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Lake in the Ozark Mountains - Arkansas

Preliminary Characterization of Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park - Arkansas

Short Title: Hot Springs Thermal StudyProject Chief: Tim KresseCooperators: Arkansas State Highway and Transportation DepartmentProject Time Frame: 2007 - 2009Established in 1832 to preserve 47 hot springs flowing from of Hot Springs Mountain, Hot Springs National Park (HSNP) is the oldest National Park in the country. Recent findings show that the geologic formations constituting the geothermal...
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
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Preliminary Characterization of Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park - Arkansas

Short Title: Hot Springs Thermal StudyProject Chief: Tim KresseCooperators: Arkansas State Highway and Transportation DepartmentProject Time Frame: 2007 - 2009Established in 1832 to preserve 47 hot springs flowing from of Hot Springs Mountain, Hot Springs National Park (HSNP) is the oldest National Park in the country. Recent findings show that the geologic formations constituting the geothermal...
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Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer datasets of the Hydrogeologic framework of the Red River alluvial aquifer and Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer in northwestern Louisiana

This dataset includes isopach contours showing altitude of freshwater of the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer, control points used to construct the freshwater isopach contours, isopach contours showing altitude of top of the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer, wells used to construct cross sections and isopach contours, hydrogeologic cross section H-H' through S-S' lines, isopach contours showing altitude of the base o
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Datasets of the Potentiometric Surface of Groundwater-Level Altitudes Near the Planned Highway 270 Bypass, East of Hot Springs, Arkansas, July-August 2017

These datasets include wells, springs, and contours used to construct the Hot Springs Highway 270 bypass pre-construction potentiometric-surface map. During the summer of 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey and Hot Springs National Park Service collected groundwater measurements from 66 wells - 59 measurements were used to construct a potentiometric-surface map of wells screened in the Ouachita Moun
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Carbonate geochemistry dataset of the soil and an underlying cave in the Ozark Plateaus, central United States

The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the vadose zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Plateaus of northwest
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Altitudes and Thicknesses of Hydrogeologic Units of the Ozark Plateaus Aquifer System in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma

A hydrogeologic framework was constructed to represent the altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units within the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (hereinafter referred to as the Ozark system). The Ozark system study area is nearly 70,000 square miles and includes parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. Nine hydrogeologic units were selected for delineation within the Ozark system and
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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Potentiometric surface of groundwater-level altitudes near the planned Highway 270 bypass, east of Hot Springs, Arkansas, July–August 2017

The Ouachita Mountains aquifer system potentiometric-surface map is one component of the Hot Springs Bypass Groundwater Monitoring Project. The potentiometric-surface map provides a baseline assessment of shallow groundwater levels and flow directions before the construction of the Arkansas Department of Transportation planned extension of the Highway 270 bypass, east of Hot Springs, Arkansas. The
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Water Resources, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

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