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Past Week Monitoring Data for Kīlauea

By Kīlauea

This page presents Kīlauea monitoring data collected over the past week, including summit lava lake level, earthquake rates, locations, and depths, and ground deformation data. 

Lava Depth

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
Graph showing the data for the past week of lava depth (in meters) that has filled Halema‘uma‘u crater, at Kīlauea volcano's summit, since the 2018 collapse. On January 8, 2021, a novel laser rangefinder was stationed at Kīlauea volcano's summit. The fixed instrument continuously measures the distance to a location on the western lava lake surface, and telemeters data to HVO in real time. The raw data has been edited for this graph, with a running mean average filter of 3600 seconds. Variations in plotted depth can occur due to laser rangefinder returns on gas rather than the lava surface. For reference, the base of Halema‘uma‘u after the 2018 collapse event is “zero” on this plot (equal to an elevation of 518 meters/1699 ft above sea level). Post-eruption analyses indicate that the December 2020–May 2021 lava lake filled the base of Halema‘uma‘u to a depth of 223 meters/732 ft (equal to an elevation of approximately 741 meters/2431 ft above sea level). Subsequent eruptions have added to that lava lake depth. Lava will overflow Halema‘uma‘u, onto the lowest down-dropped block, at a depth of 267 meters/876 ft (equal to an elevation of 790 meters/2592 ft above sea level).

Seismic Data

Earthquake Hypocenters Map and Cross Section

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.

Above Top: Map showing locations of earthquakes during the past week. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes (circles) during the past week. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. Circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.

Earthquake Rates and Depths

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.

Above Top: Number of earthquakes per day during the past week (blue bars). The red line is the cumulative moment (energy) release. Bottom: Depth of earthquakes during the past week in the area shown on the map above. Depth is reported relative to sea level, which is equal to a depth of zero on the above plot. On both figures, circle-size represents magnitude, and color indicates depth. An interactive earthquake plot can be found on the HVO Earthquakes page.

Deformation Data

Electronic Tilt at Kīlauea Summit and East Rift Zone - Past Week

Remote image Url
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
Electronic Tilt at Kīlauea Summit and East Rift Zone - Past Week. The blue line shows the radial tilt at Uwekahuna station (UWE), on the western rim of Kīlauea's caldera. The green line is radial tilt at Pu‘u‘ō‘ō (POO), north of Pu‘u‘ō‘ō cone; this instrument is currently experiencing a long-term outage. These are recorded by continuously operating electronic tiltmeters. Positive changes often indicate inflation of the magma storage areas beneath the caldera or Pu‘u‘ō‘ō, but may also result from heavy rainfall or, occasionally, instrumental malfunctions.

Map of Selected Deformation Stations

Select deformation instuments located on Kīlauea Volcano
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
Map of selected deformation stations.

For more information on how electronic tiltmeters and GPS receivers help monitor the deformation of Kīlauea Volcano, see the HVO Deformation page. Data plots from additional stations are available from our interactive map. Use the right-side menu to view different types of data.