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Engineering and Testing of Carbon Dioxide Infusion Systems

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By Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center January 16, 2020

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide

Management agencies have identified key pinch-points where there is a need to block invasive carp passage. Recent studies have shown that carbon dioxide (CO2) can be an effective behavioral deterrent for invasive carps and could be used independently or in combination with other deterrents to reduce the risk of migration into new areas. Installation of a deterrent at these management locations requires extensive architecture and engineering to understand the feasibility of CO2 as a fish deterrent under various conditions and scales.

Carbon dioxide being delivered for field trials near Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Carbon dioxide being delivered for field trials near Kaukauna, Wisconsin

The goal of this project is to design and test a large-scale CO2 infusion system to determine its feasibility at relevant management scales. Prototypes have been designed to minimize potential interference with navigation, while simultaneously optimizing CO2 gas-transfer to maximize efficiency. Studies are conducted in flumes, ponds and field settings (e.g. navigational locks) to collected operational data related to the engineering and costs of a CO2 deterrent system.

 

 

 

Pressurized CO2 mixing chamber used for field testing on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Pressurized CO2 mixing chamber used for field testing on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Aerial photo taken by USGS scientist during field testing of CO2 on the Fox River in Kaukauna, WI.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Aerial photo taken by USGS scientist during field testing of CO2 on the Fox River in Kaukauna, Wisconsin.
Water quality monitoring during field testing on the Fox River.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Water quality monitoring during field testing on the Fox River.
Carbon dioxide manifold testing at a lock on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Carbon dioxide manifold testing at a lock on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin.

Links associated with this project.

https://www.mvr.usace.army.mil/Missions/Environmental-Protection-and-Restoration/GLMRIS-BrandonRoad/        

https://tomcosystems.com/

link
USGS scientist monitoring water quality during evaluation of CO2 on non-target fish during toxicity trials.

Registration of Carbon Dioxide–Carp

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Registration of new fishery chemicals is critical to facilitate field research and give resource managers the ability to incorporate chemical controls as part of their Integrated Pest Management plans. In April 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) obtained a Section 3 registration from the U.S. Environmental...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Registration of Carbon Dioxide–Carp

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Registration of new fishery chemicals is critical to facilitate field research and give resource managers the ability to incorporate chemical controls as part of their Integrated Pest Management plans. In April 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) obtained a Section 3 registration from the U.S. Environmental...
Learn More
link
Plain pocketbook mussels being used to evaluate effects of CO2 on non-target species.

Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Non-Target Organisms

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Chemical controls are a vital component of many effective Integrated Pest Management plans. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for invasive carps as a general toxicant or behavioral deterrent. Administration of non-selective chemicals, such as CO2, into public waters could pose a risk to non-target organisms (e.g. native mussels...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Non-Target Organisms

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Chemical controls are a vital component of many effective Integrated Pest Management plans. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for invasive carps as a general toxicant or behavioral deterrent. Administration of non-selective chemicals, such as CO2, into public waters could pose a risk to non-target organisms (e.g. native mussels...
Learn More
link
Rusty crayfish used in lab CO2 deterrent trials.

Carbon Dioxide for General Aquatic Invasive Species Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for general aquatic invasive species control. Most research has focused on its effectiveness as a behavioral deterrent and lethal control or invasive carps. However, because CO2 is generally non-selective, there is potential for this new control chemical to be applied across a wide range of...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, Mississippi River
link

Carbon Dioxide for General Aquatic Invasive Species Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for general aquatic invasive species control. Most research has focused on its effectiveness as a behavioral deterrent and lethal control or invasive carps. However, because CO2 is generally non-selective, there is potential for this new control chemical to be applied across a wide range of...
Learn More
link
Liquid CO2 supply tanks for field testing.

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Lethal Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Management agencies often rely on commercial harvest for invasive carp population control. Piscicides, or fish toxicants, are an alternative method that could supplement Integrated Pest Management plans to kill and remove large quantities of invasive carps in a relatively short period of time. This non-selective removal strategy could greatly improve removal...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Lethal Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Management agencies often rely on commercial harvest for invasive carp population control. Piscicides, or fish toxicants, are an alternative method that could supplement Integrated Pest Management plans to kill and remove large quantities of invasive carps in a relatively short period of time. This non-selective removal strategy could greatly improve removal...
Learn More
link
USGS and USFWS personnel preparing to electro fish for common carp near Kaukauna, WI.

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Behavioral Deterrent

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Introduction of invasive carps into public waters of the United States has resulted in a large effort to limit dispersal beyond the Mississippi River watershed. Navigational structures positioned throughout most major rivers are potential pinch-points to block further range expansion into new areas. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as fish deterrent to...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Behavioral Deterrent

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Introduction of invasive carps into public waters of the United States has resulted in a large effort to limit dispersal beyond the Mississippi River watershed. Navigational structures positioned throughout most major rivers are potential pinch-points to block further range expansion into new areas. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as fish deterrent to...
Learn More

Below are publications associated with this project.

Investigating the mixing efficiencies of liquid-to-liquid chemical injection manifolds for aquatic invasive species management

Aquatic invasive species (AIS) have spread throughout the United States via major rivers and tributaries. Locks and dams positioned along affected waterways, specifically lock chambers, are being evaluated as potential management sites to prevent further expansion into new areas. Recent research has shown that infusion of chemicals (e.g., carbon dioxide) into water can block or kill several invasi
Authors
Thomas J. Zolper, Aaron R. Cupp, David L. Smith
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center

Below are partners associated with this project.

U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center

U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center – Columbia River Research Lab

U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center

U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center

Fox River Navigational System Authority

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)

University of Wisconsin

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide

Management agencies have identified key pinch-points where there is a need to block invasive carp passage. Recent studies have shown that carbon dioxide (CO2) can be an effective behavioral deterrent for invasive carps and could be used independently or in combination with other deterrents to reduce the risk of migration into new areas. Installation of a deterrent at these management locations requires extensive architecture and engineering to understand the feasibility of CO2 as a fish deterrent under various conditions and scales.

Carbon dioxide being delivered for field trials near Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Carbon dioxide being delivered for field trials near Kaukauna, Wisconsin

The goal of this project is to design and test a large-scale CO2 infusion system to determine its feasibility at relevant management scales. Prototypes have been designed to minimize potential interference with navigation, while simultaneously optimizing CO2 gas-transfer to maximize efficiency. Studies are conducted in flumes, ponds and field settings (e.g. navigational locks) to collected operational data related to the engineering and costs of a CO2 deterrent system.

 

 

 

Pressurized CO2 mixing chamber used for field testing on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Pressurized CO2 mixing chamber used for field testing on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Aerial photo taken by USGS scientist during field testing of CO2 on the Fox River in Kaukauna, WI.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Aerial photo taken by USGS scientist during field testing of CO2 on the Fox River in Kaukauna, Wisconsin.
Water quality monitoring during field testing on the Fox River.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Water quality monitoring during field testing on the Fox River.
Carbon dioxide manifold testing at a lock on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin.
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details
Carbon dioxide manifold testing at a lock on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin.

Links associated with this project.

https://www.mvr.usace.army.mil/Missions/Environmental-Protection-and-Restoration/GLMRIS-BrandonRoad/        

https://tomcosystems.com/

link
USGS scientist monitoring water quality during evaluation of CO2 on non-target fish during toxicity trials.

Registration of Carbon Dioxide–Carp

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Registration of new fishery chemicals is critical to facilitate field research and give resource managers the ability to incorporate chemical controls as part of their Integrated Pest Management plans. In April 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) obtained a Section 3 registration from the U.S. Environmental...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Registration of Carbon Dioxide–Carp

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Registration of new fishery chemicals is critical to facilitate field research and give resource managers the ability to incorporate chemical controls as part of their Integrated Pest Management plans. In April 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) obtained a Section 3 registration from the U.S. Environmental...
Learn More
link
Plain pocketbook mussels being used to evaluate effects of CO2 on non-target species.

Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Non-Target Organisms

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Chemical controls are a vital component of many effective Integrated Pest Management plans. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for invasive carps as a general toxicant or behavioral deterrent. Administration of non-selective chemicals, such as CO2, into public waters could pose a risk to non-target organisms (e.g. native mussels...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Effects of Carbon Dioxide on Non-Target Organisms

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Chemical controls are a vital component of many effective Integrated Pest Management plans. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for invasive carps as a general toxicant or behavioral deterrent. Administration of non-selective chemicals, such as CO2, into public waters could pose a risk to non-target organisms (e.g. native mussels...
Learn More
link
Rusty crayfish used in lab CO2 deterrent trials.

Carbon Dioxide for General Aquatic Invasive Species Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for general aquatic invasive species control. Most research has focused on its effectiveness as a behavioral deterrent and lethal control or invasive carps. However, because CO2 is generally non-selective, there is potential for this new control chemical to be applied across a wide range of...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, Mississippi River
link

Carbon Dioxide for General Aquatic Invasive Species Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as a new fishery chemical for general aquatic invasive species control. Most research has focused on its effectiveness as a behavioral deterrent and lethal control or invasive carps. However, because CO2 is generally non-selective, there is potential for this new control chemical to be applied across a wide range of...
Learn More
link
Liquid CO2 supply tanks for field testing.

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Lethal Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Management agencies often rely on commercial harvest for invasive carp population control. Piscicides, or fish toxicants, are an alternative method that could supplement Integrated Pest Management plans to kill and remove large quantities of invasive carps in a relatively short period of time. This non-selective removal strategy could greatly improve removal...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Lethal Control

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Management agencies often rely on commercial harvest for invasive carp population control. Piscicides, or fish toxicants, are an alternative method that could supplement Integrated Pest Management plans to kill and remove large quantities of invasive carps in a relatively short period of time. This non-selective removal strategy could greatly improve removal...
Learn More
link
USGS and USFWS personnel preparing to electro fish for common carp near Kaukauna, WI.

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Behavioral Deterrent

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Introduction of invasive carps into public waters of the United States has resulted in a large effort to limit dispersal beyond the Mississippi River watershed. Navigational structures positioned throughout most major rivers are potential pinch-points to block further range expansion into new areas. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as fish deterrent to...
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Mississippi River
link

Carbon Dioxide as an Invasive Carp Behavioral Deterrent

Invasive Carp Control: Carbon Dioxide Introduction of invasive carps into public waters of the United States has resulted in a large effort to limit dispersal beyond the Mississippi River watershed. Navigational structures positioned throughout most major rivers are potential pinch-points to block further range expansion into new areas. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is being evaluated as fish deterrent to...
Learn More

Below are publications associated with this project.

Investigating the mixing efficiencies of liquid-to-liquid chemical injection manifolds for aquatic invasive species management

Aquatic invasive species (AIS) have spread throughout the United States via major rivers and tributaries. Locks and dams positioned along affected waterways, specifically lock chambers, are being evaluated as potential management sites to prevent further expansion into new areas. Recent research has shown that infusion of chemicals (e.g., carbon dioxide) into water can block or kill several invasi
Authors
Thomas J. Zolper, Aaron R. Cupp, David L. Smith
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center

Below are partners associated with this project.

U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center

U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center – Columbia River Research Lab

U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center

U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center

Fox River Navigational System Authority

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)

University of Wisconsin

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