Publications

Crude oil floating at the surface of a shallow aquifer of glacial outwash, near Bemidji, Minnesota, is altered by geochemical processes. Hydrocarbons from the oil are attenuated by several reactions that include aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation. These degradation reactions result in the development of geochemical facies in the shallow groundwater system. Groundwater most...

Ninety-three direct-current vertical electrical-resistivity soundings were conducted in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan from June through October 1987. These soundings were made to assist in mapping the depth to brine in areas where borehole resistivity logs and water-quality data are sparse or lacking. The Schlumberger array for placement of current and potential electrodes was used for...

Water resources data for the 1988 water year for Michigan consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water temperature of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 138 streamflow-gaging stations; stage only records for 15 lake-gaging stations; stage and contents for 5 lakes and...

Water resources in the Fond du Lac Indian Reservation meet the present (1987) needs for drinking-water supplies and other household uses with respect to water quality and quantity, and provide valuable ecological, recreational, and aesthetic benefits. Total annual water use in the Reservation is about 36.5 million gallons per year and per capita use is about 100 gallons per day...

Distributions of solutes in aquifers of Cambrian and Ordovician age were studied in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, northwestern Indiana, and northern Missouri to determine the sources of solutes and the probable chemical mechanisms that control regional variations in water quality. This work is part of the Northern Midwest Regional Aquifer-System Analysis project, whose objective...

In view of the increased use of mathematical/numerical simulation models, of the diversity of both model investigations and informational project objectives, and of the technical demands of complex model applications by U.S. Geological Survey personnel, an advanced seminar on one-dimensional open-channel flow and transport modeling was organized and held on June 15-18, 1987, at the...

This report presents selected data describing the characteristics of streams upstream from selected points on streams in the Redwood River basin. The points on the streams include outlets of subbasins of about five square miles, sewage treatment plant outlets, and U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations in the basin.

A three-step analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the streamflow-gaging program in Minnesota is documented in this report. In the first step of the analysis, the data uses and funding sources were identified for the 96 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations operated in 1985. Nineteen sources of funding and 42 uses were identified for the data collected in this program. Two...

Water resources in the White Earth Indian Reservation meet the present (1988) needs for potable supply and other household uses and provide valuable ecological, recreational, and aesthetic benefits. Total annual water use in the Reservation is about 460 million gallons per year. Domestic supply from privately owned wells and municipal systems accounts for roughly three-fourths of the...

Average annual runoff was computed or estimated for 2,148 hydrologic cataloging units in the United States and Puerto Rico , for the period 1951-80. Runoff was computed from the recorded streamflow at 5,951 U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations. The runoff at more than 3,000 of these stations was estimated by correlation with other nearby stations to adjust for missing data. These...

Water levels, locations, depths, and aquifers tapped are given for 112 observation wells. Tabulated data include a listing of ground water reports in Michigan, extremes of water levels for calendar year 1988 and for the period of record, pumpage of most major ground-water users in the State, and water-quality data from selected wells. The two largest municipal users of ground water, were...

Sixteen lakes in the city of Eagan, Minnesota, were sampled during 1982-83 to detect water-quality changes that might have occurred because of urbanization since a previous study conducted during 1972-78. Each of the lakes was sampled five times to determine pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, transparency, and concentration of dissolved chloride. Three...