Imidacloprid concentrations and trends in United States Rivers, 2013-2022

This data release presents model inputs and outputs to support an investigation of occurrence and temporal changes of imidacloprid from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Network spanning 77 sites between 2013 and 2022. Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used to control a wide range of agricultural and non-agricultural insect pests. The Seasonal Wave and Adjustment for Streamflow (SEAWAVE-Q) model was used by employing the R package 'seawaveQ'. Model input data include imidacloprid concentration results (n = 12,547) and daily streamflow data between 2012 and 2022 for each site. Model output data include the percentage and concentration change in imidacloprid for each site from 2013 to 2022, the trend likelihood, and model parameters as well as model-predicted annual loads of imidacloprid for each site. The SEAWAVE-Q model was applied to raw concentration data as well as concentrations corrected for changes in recovery from laboratory reagent spike samples.