Landsat Collections: Providing a Stable Environmental Record for Time Series Analysis
Why are the fill values and scaling factors of Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products different from those products in Collection 1?
The fill values and scale factors of Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products were updated to be consistent with that of Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 data, while using the unsigned integer data type more efficiently.
As shown in the table below, the fill value of the Surface Reflectance and Surface Temperature bands were changed from “-9999” in Collection 1, to “0” in Collection 2 to be consistent with the Level-1 data (digital numbers).
The updated multiplicative scale factors, along with the additive scale factors, provide a full range of physical values based on the valid range allowed by data type.
| Surface Reflectance | Surface Reflectance | Surface Temperature | Surface Temperature | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Collection 1 | Collection 2 | Collection 1 | Collection 2 | |
| Fill Value | -9999 | 0 | -9999 | 0 |
| Scaling Factor | 0.0001 | 0.0000275 + -0.2 | 0.1 | 0.00341802 +149.0 |
| Data Type | Signed 16-bit integer | Unsigned 16-bit integer | Signed 16-bit integer | Unsigned 16-bit integer |
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Related
How do Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products compare with products from Collection 1?
Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance and Surface Temperature science products are scene-based, produced within the standard processing system, and available to download directly from EarthExplorer. Collection 2 Level-2 products are available for Landsat 4-5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8-9 OLI/TIRS data acquired from 1982 to present. Landsat MSS 1-5 data are not currently available...
How do I search and download Landsat Collection 2 data products?
Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 products can be searched using EarthExplorer, the primary portal used to search all data held in the USGS EROS archives. Landsat Collection 2 products are processed and stored in the USGS Cloud Hosting Solution (CHS) environment; downloads are managed through EarthExplorer. The USGS Landsat no-cost open data policy remains intact since its inception in 2008...
How long does it take to create Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products after a Landsat scene is acquired?
Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance and Surface Temperature products require Landsat Level-1 data that have been processed to Tier 1 or Tier 2 products, as well as additional auxiliary data. The Landsat Collection 2 Product Generation Timeline below gives a graphical view of this typical product generation timeframe. The timeframe for Landsat Collection 2 product generation varies due...
What are Landsat Collection 2 Full Resolution Browse Images?
Similar to Landsat Collection 1 LandsatLook Images, the Landsat Collection 2 Full Resolution Browse Images are .JPG and .TIF images with geographic referencing that are compressed and stretched to create an image optimized for image selection and visual interpretation. They are derived from Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 data and are available to download from EarthExplorer. Learn more: Landsat Full...
What is the naming convention for Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 scenes?
The naming convention for Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 products remains the same as in Collection 1. While most of Landsat Collection 2 scenes are produced to both Surface Reflectance (SR) and Surface Temperature (ST), a small number of scenes cannot be processed to ST due to missing auxiliary data. The naming convention of Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products indicates the data included for each...
What updates were made in Landsat Collection 2?
Landsat Collection 2 marks the second major reprocessing event of the USGS Landsat archive. Continuing the tiered collection management structure implemented in Landsat Collection 1, Landsat Collection 2 introduces several advancements in data processing, algorithm development, as well as data access and distribution capabilities, including: Improved per-pixel geodetic accuracy by incorporating...
Landsat Collections
Landsat Collections: Providing a Stable Environmental Record for Time Series Analysis
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 products
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 sample products from path 140 row 41, acquired on May 3, 2013. Left: Level-1 Top of Atmosphere. Middle: Level-2 Surface Reflectance. Right: Level-2 Surface Temperature.
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 sample products from path 140 row 41, acquired on May 3, 2013. Left: Level-1 Top of Atmosphere. Middle: Level-2 Surface Reflectance. Right: Level-2 Surface Temperature.
Example of the Landsat 8 Collection 2 products
Left: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-1 top of atmosphere reflectance image, center: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 atmospherically corrected surface reflectance image, and right: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 surface temperature image for an area over the Sapta Koshi River in Bairawa, Nepal (path 140 row 41) acquired on
Left: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-1 top of atmosphere reflectance image, center: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 atmospherically corrected surface reflectance image, and right: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 surface temperature image for an area over the Sapta Koshi River in Bairawa, Nepal (path 140 row 41) acquired on
Example of Landsat Collection 2 Surface Temperature
Example of Landsat Collection 2 Surface Temperature over the Tacoma, Washington area. Landsat 5 image aquired on October 6, 2010.
Example of Landsat Collection 2 Surface Temperature over the Tacoma, Washington area. Landsat 5 image aquired on October 6, 2010.
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Surface Reflectance product
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance science product over Seattle, Washington. Landsat 5 image acquired Oct 6, 2010 (bands 4,3,2)
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance science product over Seattle, Washington. Landsat 5 image acquired Oct 6, 2010 (bands 4,3,2)
Related
How do Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products compare with products from Collection 1?
Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance and Surface Temperature science products are scene-based, produced within the standard processing system, and available to download directly from EarthExplorer. Collection 2 Level-2 products are available for Landsat 4-5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8-9 OLI/TIRS data acquired from 1982 to present. Landsat MSS 1-5 data are not currently available...
How do I search and download Landsat Collection 2 data products?
Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 products can be searched using EarthExplorer, the primary portal used to search all data held in the USGS EROS archives. Landsat Collection 2 products are processed and stored in the USGS Cloud Hosting Solution (CHS) environment; downloads are managed through EarthExplorer. The USGS Landsat no-cost open data policy remains intact since its inception in 2008...
How long does it take to create Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products after a Landsat scene is acquired?
Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance and Surface Temperature products require Landsat Level-1 data that have been processed to Tier 1 or Tier 2 products, as well as additional auxiliary data. The Landsat Collection 2 Product Generation Timeline below gives a graphical view of this typical product generation timeframe. The timeframe for Landsat Collection 2 product generation varies due...
What are Landsat Collection 2 Full Resolution Browse Images?
Similar to Landsat Collection 1 LandsatLook Images, the Landsat Collection 2 Full Resolution Browse Images are .JPG and .TIF images with geographic referencing that are compressed and stretched to create an image optimized for image selection and visual interpretation. They are derived from Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 data and are available to download from EarthExplorer. Learn more: Landsat Full...
What is the naming convention for Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 scenes?
The naming convention for Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 products remains the same as in Collection 1. While most of Landsat Collection 2 scenes are produced to both Surface Reflectance (SR) and Surface Temperature (ST), a small number of scenes cannot be processed to ST due to missing auxiliary data. The naming convention of Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 products indicates the data included for each...
What updates were made in Landsat Collection 2?
Landsat Collection 2 marks the second major reprocessing event of the USGS Landsat archive. Continuing the tiered collection management structure implemented in Landsat Collection 1, Landsat Collection 2 introduces several advancements in data processing, algorithm development, as well as data access and distribution capabilities, including: Improved per-pixel geodetic accuracy by incorporating...
Landsat Collections
Landsat Collections: Providing a Stable Environmental Record for Time Series Analysis
Landsat Collections: Providing a Stable Environmental Record for Time Series Analysis
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 products
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 sample products from path 140 row 41, acquired on May 3, 2013. Left: Level-1 Top of Atmosphere. Middle: Level-2 Surface Reflectance. Right: Level-2 Surface Temperature.
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 sample products from path 140 row 41, acquired on May 3, 2013. Left: Level-1 Top of Atmosphere. Middle: Level-2 Surface Reflectance. Right: Level-2 Surface Temperature.
Example of the Landsat 8 Collection 2 products
Left: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-1 top of atmosphere reflectance image, center: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 atmospherically corrected surface reflectance image, and right: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 surface temperature image for an area over the Sapta Koshi River in Bairawa, Nepal (path 140 row 41) acquired on
Left: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-1 top of atmosphere reflectance image, center: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 atmospherically corrected surface reflectance image, and right: Landsat 8 Collection 2 level-2 surface temperature image for an area over the Sapta Koshi River in Bairawa, Nepal (path 140 row 41) acquired on
Example of Landsat Collection 2 Surface Temperature
Example of Landsat Collection 2 Surface Temperature over the Tacoma, Washington area. Landsat 5 image aquired on October 6, 2010.
Example of Landsat Collection 2 Surface Temperature over the Tacoma, Washington area. Landsat 5 image aquired on October 6, 2010.
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Surface Reflectance product
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance science product over Seattle, Washington. Landsat 5 image acquired Oct 6, 2010 (bands 4,3,2)
Example of the Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Surface Reflectance science product over Seattle, Washington. Landsat 5 image acquired Oct 6, 2010 (bands 4,3,2)
Updated Date: November 4, 2022