Publications
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Hyperspectral analysis of rocky surfaces on the Earth and other planetary systems: Chapter 27 Hyperspectral analysis of rocky surfaces on the Earth and other planetary systems: Chapter 27
This book is focused on studies of vegetation on Earth using hyperspectral remote sensing methods. However, it is appropriate to extend the application of these methods out to other rocky bodies in our Solar System for a variety of reasons. First, minerals, soils, and rocks form the substrate on which vegetation grows on Earth. Compositional analyses of these components with...
Authors
R. Greg Vaughan, Timothy N. Titus, Jeffery R Johnson, Justin Hagerty, Lisa R. Gaddis, Laurence A. Soderblom, Paul E. Geissler
Positive feedback and momentum growth during debris-flow entrainment of wet bed sediment Positive feedback and momentum growth during debris-flow entrainment of wet bed sediment
Debris flows typically occur when intense rainfall or snowmelt triggers landslides or extensive erosion on steep, debris-mantled slopes. The flows can then grow dramatically in size and speed as they entrain material from their beds and banks, but the mechanism of this growth is unclear. Indeed, momentum conservation implies that entrainment of static material should retard the motion of...
Authors
Richard M. Iverson, Mark E. Reid, Matthew Logan, Richard G. Lahusen, Jonathan W. Godt, Julia P. Griswold
The indication of Martian gully formation processes by slope-area analysis The indication of Martian gully formation processes by slope-area analysis
The formation process of recent gullies on Mars is currently under debate. This study aims to discriminate between the proposed formation processes - pure water flow, debris flow and dry mass wasting - through the application of geomorphological indices commonly used in terrestrial geomorphology. High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of Earth and Mars were used to evaluate the...
Authors
Susan J. Conway, Matthew R. Balme, John B. Murray, Martin C. Towner, Chris Okubo, Peter M. Grindrod
Structure of the San Fernando Valley region, California: implications for seismic hazard and tectonic history Structure of the San Fernando Valley region, California: implications for seismic hazard and tectonic history
Industry seismic reflection data, oil test well data, interpretation of gravity and magnetic data, and seismic refraction deep-crustal profiles provide new perspectives on the subsurface geology of San Fernando Valley, home of two of the most recent damaging earthquakes in southern California. Seismic reflection data provide depths to Miocene–Quaternary horizons; beneath the base of the...
Authors
V.E. Langenheim, T. L. Wright, D. A. Okaya, R.S. Yeats, G. S. Fuis, K. Thygesen, H. Thybo
Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying
Net changes in thickness and volume of glacial ice and perennial snow at Mount Rainier, Washington State, have been mapped over the entire edifice by differencing between a highresolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) topographic survey of September-October 2007/2008 and the 10 m lateral resolution U.S. Geological Survey digital elevation model derived from September 1970 aerial...
Authors
T. W. Sisson, J.E. Robinson, D.D. Swinney
Spatiotemporal earthquake clusters along the North Anatolian fault zone offshore Istanbul Spatiotemporal earthquake clusters along the North Anatolian fault zone offshore Istanbul
We investigate earthquakes with similar waveforms in order to characterize spatiotemporal microseismicity clusters within the North Anatolian fault zone (NAFZ) in northwest Turkey along the transition between the 1999 İzmit rupture zone and the Marmara Sea seismic gap. Earthquakes within distinct activity clusters are relocated with cross-correlation derived relative travel times using...
Authors
Fatih Bulut, William L. Ellsworth, Marco Bohnhoff, Mustafa Aktar, Georg Dresen
Seasonal erosion and restoration of Mars' northern polar dunes Seasonal erosion and restoration of Mars' northern polar dunes
Despite radically different environmental conditions, terrestrial and martian dunes bear a strong resemblance, indicating that the basic processes of saltation and grainfall (sand avalanching down the dune slipface) operate on both worlds. Here, we show that martian dunes are subject to an additional modification process not found on Earth: springtime sublimation of Mars' CO 2 seasonal...
Authors
C.J. Hansen, M. Bourke, Nathan T. Bridges, Shane Byrne, C. Colon, S. Diniega, Colin M. Dundas, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, A. McEwen, M. Mellon, Ganna Portyankina, N. Thomas
Palaeotsunamis in the Pacific Islands Palaeotsunamis in the Pacific Islands
The recent 29 September 2009 South Pacific and 27 February 2010 Chilean events are a graphic reminder that the tsunami hazard and risk for the Pacific Ocean region should not be forgotten. Pacific Islands Countries (PICs) generally have short (
Authors
J. Goff, C. Chague-Goff, D. Dominey-Howes, B. McAdoo, S. Cronin, Michael M. Bonte-Grapetin, S. Nichol, M. Horrocks, M. Cisternas, G. Lamarche, B. Pelletier, Bruce E. Jaffe, W. Dudley
An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation
An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation has been constructed based on geomagnetic data obtained from 21 stations along the 210 Magnetic Meridian of the Circum‐pan Pacific Magnetometer Network (CPMN) from 1996 to 2007. Using the least squares fitting method for geomagnetically quiet days (Kp ≤ 2+), the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation at each station was...
Authors
Y. Yamazaki, K. Yumoto, M.G. Cardinal, B.J. Fraser, P. Hattori, Y. Kakinami, J.Y. Liu, K.J.W. Lynn, R. Marshall, D. McNamara, T. Nagatsuma, V.M. Nikiforov, R.E. Otadoy, M. Ruhimat, B.M. Shevtsov, K. Shiokawa, S. Abe, T. Uozumi, A. Yoshikawa
Evaluation of TRIGRS (transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability analysis)'s predictive skill for hurricane-triggered landslides: A case study in Macon County, North Carolina Evaluation of TRIGRS (transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability analysis)'s predictive skill for hurricane-triggered landslides: A case study in Macon County, North Carolina
The key to advancing the predictability of rainfall-triggered landslides is to use physically based slope-stability models that simulate the transient dynamical response of the subsurface moisture to spatiotemporal variability of rainfall in complex terrains. TRIGRS (transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability analysis) is a USGS landslide prediction model...
Authors
Z. Liao, Y. Hong, D. Kirschbaum, R.F. Adler, J.J. Gourley, R. Wooten
Epistemic uncertainty in the location and magnitude of earthquakes in Italy from Macroseismic data Epistemic uncertainty in the location and magnitude of earthquakes in Italy from Macroseismic data
Three independent techniques (Bakun and Wentworth, 1997; Boxer from Gasperini et al., 1999; and Macroseismic Estimation of Earthquake Parameters [MEEP; see Data and Resources section, deliverable D3] from R.M.W. Musson and M.J. Jimenez) have been proposed for estimating an earthquake location and magnitude from intensity data alone. The locations and magnitudes obtained for a given set...
Authors
W. H. Bakun, Capera A. Gomez, M. Stucchi
Opportunity Mars Rover mission: Overview and selected results from Purgatory ripple to traverses to Endeavour crater Opportunity Mars Rover mission: Overview and selected results from Purgatory ripple to traverses to Endeavour crater
Opportunity has been traversing the Meridiani plains since 25 January 2004 (sol 1), acquiring numerous observations of the atmosphere, soils, and rocks. This paper provides an overview of key discoveries between sols 511 and 2300, complementing earlier papers covering results from the initial phases of the mission. Key new results include (1) atmospheric argon measurements that...
Authors
R. E. Arvidson, James W. Ashley, J.F. Bell, M. Chojnacki, J. Cohen, T.E. Economou, W. H. Farrand, Robin L. Fergason, I. Fleischer, Paul E. Geissler, Ralf Gellert, M.P. Golombek, J.P. Grotzinger, E.A. Guinness, R.M. Haberle, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J.A. Herman, K.D. Iagnemma, B.L. Jolliff, J. R. Johnson, G. Klingelhofer, A.H. Knoll, A.T. Knudson, R. Li, S. M. McLennan, D. W. Mittlefehldt, R.V. Morris, T. J. Parker, M.S. Rice, C. Schroder, Laurence A. Soderblom, S. W. Squyres, R.J. Sullivan, M.J. Wolff