Warren, D. R., A. G. Ernst, and B. P. Baldigo. 2009. Influence of spring floods on year-class strength of fall- and spring-spawning salmonids in Catskill Mountain streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 138(1):200-210.
Barry P Baldigo
Barry Baldigo has been a Research Biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey since 1990. He leads numerous collaborative studies that aim to improve our understanding of the health of aquatic ecosystems, impacts of environmental contaminants and hydrologic modification, important interrelations, and management options that help mitigate ecological disturbance and sustain valuable natural resources.
Biography
Education:
Utica College of Syracuse University B.S. Biology, 1978
SUNY, College of Environmental Sciences & Forestry M.S. Fisheries Biology, 1982
Professional Membership:
Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
American Fisheries Society
New York State Chapter of the American Fisheries Society
Society for Freshwater Science (formerly North American Benthological Society)
Professional Experience:
Research Biologist (RGE); U.S. Geological Survey, Troy, NY; 1990-present: Principal investigator for cooperative water programs (with NGOs, and county, regional, and state agencies) evaluating interrelations among restoration, channel stability, habitat, and fish communities; tissue contaminants and toxicity of water and sediments in Areas of Concern across the Great Lakes; basin features, impoundments, and American eel sub-populations; municipal and industrial waste waters, estrogenicity, endocrine disruption, and fish biomarkers; regional bankfull hydraulic-geometry models and drainage areas; acid deposition, fish assemblages, trout survival, and biological response models; and flow-modification, temperatures, turbidity, and fish assemblages in Adirondack and Catskill Mountain rivers.
Senior Biologist; Adirondack Lakes Survey Corp, Raybrook, NY; 1988-1990: Field coordinator for the EPA’s Episodic Response Project assessing effects of episodic acidification on water quality, fish survival, and biologic communities in streams of the southwestern Adirondack Mountains, New York.
Senior Scientist; Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co., Las Vegas, NV; 1984-1988: Lead investigator for several EPA technical-support projects in the Northwest and regional coordinator and instructor for EPA’s NSWS Eastern and Western Lakes-, Eastern Stream-, and Michigan Lakes Biology and Acidification Surveys.
Research Biologist; University of Nevada, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Las Vegas, NV; 1980-1984: Invertebrate taxonomist and technician; helped develop and assess new field guidelines for modifying EPA’s national site-specific water quality criteria (NPDES permitting program) and stream biological assessments.
Science and Products
Date published: September 3, 2020
Status: Active Documenting Biological Recovery in Acidified Adirondack Streams in Response to the 1990 Amendment to the Clean Air Act
BACKGROUND Chemistry data from a group of Adirondack lakes monitored since the mid-1990s indicate that chemical recovery is currently underway and can be attributed to declining deposition loads of sulfate and nitrate in direct response to the 1990 amendment to the Clean Air Act (CAA) and other regulations. Changes in the water quality of several western Adirondack streams suggest that...
Contacts: Barry P Baldigo
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: November 20, 2019
Status: Active Areas of Concern: New York Statewide Fish Collection - Contaminants in fish from the Buffalo River AOC
The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Department of Health (NYSDOH), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) sampled fish from the Buffalo River AOC during summer 2017 to help determine if current fish-consumption advisories are appropriate and if residue data support or do not support removal of the “Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption” beneficial...
Contacts: Barry P Baldigo
Attribution: Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Cost Center
Date published: November 12, 2019
Status: Active Areas of Concern: Niagara River
USGS scientists participated in several projects supporting work in the Niagara River Area of Concern including: 1) Evaluating toxicity in Benthos Sediment, 2) Tracking PCB Sources in the AOC, and Identifying Source Areas Contributing to Contaminants Found in Fish Tissue.
Attribution: Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Cost Center
Date published: September 17, 2019
Status: Active Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern Fish Community Assessment
Background: Eighteenmile Creek was designated as an Area of Concern (AOC) in 1985 because water quality and bed sediments were contaminated by past industrial and municipal discharges, waste disposal, and pesticide usage. Five Beneficial Use Impairments (BUIs) were identified in the Eighteenmile Creek AOC, including BUI #3 - the degradation of fish and wildlife populations. The remedial action...
Contacts: Scott George, Barry P Baldigo
Date published: September 5, 2019
Status: Active Status of American Eel populations in the Mohawk River Basin
Background: The waters of the Mohawk River basin are inhabited by one of the richest fish communities on the East Coast. The American Eel, Anguilla rostrata, is a unique member of this community, exhibiting a catadramous (maturing in fresh water and spawning in salt water) life history. Like many migratory fish, the American Eel has suffered a general decline across the East Coast largely...
Contacts: Scott George, Barry P Baldigo
Date published: August 8, 2019
Status: Active Track down survey of PCBs in three tributaries to the Niagara River Area of Concern (AOC)
Background Industrial discharges of toxic and bio-accumulating compounds to the Niagara River and its tributaries have occurred over many decades. High concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been found in samples of fish tissue from many locations, including three tributaries to the Niagara River: Tonawanda Creek, Two mile Creek, and Rattlesnake Creek (study reaches listed in...
Contacts: Barry P Baldigo, David Alvarez, Ph.D., Mark Filipski
Date published: April 26, 2019
Status: Active Contaminants in fish tissues from AOCs in New York State: The Niagara River AOC
DEC collaborators collect fish from a Niagara River tributary using an electrofishing boat The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Department of Health (NYSDOH), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are gathering data on chemical contaminants in fish from multiple Areas of Concern (AOCs) in New York State and plan to use this information to evaluate fish cons...
Contacts: Scott George, Barry P Baldigo
Date published: September 4, 2018
Status: Active Niagara River AOC-wide Benthos BUI Assessment
A USGS biologist prepares to collect a sediment sample using a petit ponar dredge. Background:The Niagara River forms the boundary between the United States and Canada and was designated as a binational Area of Concern (AOC) in 1987 because past industrial discharges and hazardous waste sites had caused extensive degradation of aquatic habitats. Within the United States (eastern) portion of...
Contacts: Scott George, Barry P Baldigo, Brian Duffy
Date published: August 30, 2018
Status: Active Quantitative Fish Surveys of Mohawk River Tributaries
Background Fish communities of the mainstem Mohawk River and Barge Canal have been well-documented (Carlson, 2015; George et al., 2016) but comparatively less information is available regarding the current status of fish communities in tributaries to the Mohawk River. This information gap is problematic because long-term shifts in species distributions or abundances due to climate change,...
Contacts: Scott George, Barry P Baldigo
Date published: May 4, 2018
Status: Active Long-term trends in Rainbow Trout growth and naturalized populations in the Ashokan Basin
Background: Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have thrived in the Esopus Creek since their introduction in the 1880s. The construction of the Ashokan Reservoir in 1915 changed the fishery by providing a stable lentic environment where adult trout could grow large and find refuge during periods when stream conditions become stressful. Although many adult Rainbow Trout spend time in the...
Contacts: Scott George, Barry P Baldigo
Date published: October 31, 2017
Status: Active Monitoring the Status and Expansion of Round Goby Populations in the Mohawk River/Barge Canal System
Background: The waters of the Mohawk River and its tributaries are inhabited by some of the most diverse fish communities in the Northeast. The construction of the Erie Canal in 1825, and later the Barge Canal in 1918, enabled the westward expansion of fishes from the Hudson River drainage as well as the eastward expansion of fishes indigenous to the Great Lakes drainage. Today, almost half of...
Contacts: Barry P Baldigo, Scott George, Christopher Rees
Date published: October 27, 2017
Status: Active Contaminants in fish tissues from AOCs in New York State: The Buffalo River AOC 2-year post remediation
Background The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Department of Health (NYSDOH), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) plan to obtain data on chemical contaminants in fish from multiple Areas of Concern (AOCs) in New York State and use this information to evaluate fish consumption advisories, which are a critical component of most removal criteria for “...
Contacts: Barry P Baldigo, Scott George
Date published: April 28, 2021
Fish community and substrate data from tributaries to the Mohawk River
The dataset is composed of three data tables containing information from electrofishing and pebble count surveys conducted in tributaries to the Mohawk River in central and eastern New York during 2019. The first table contains information on the sampled reaches, the second table contains fish collection data, and the third table contains pebble count data.
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: November 17, 2020
Environmental DNA (eDNA) and fish capture data from Round Goby screening surveys on the Eastern Erie Canal, New York
The dataset is composed of two tables containing data collected during screening surveys for invasive Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus) on the Eastern Erie Canal in New York. Environmental DNA using water samples and traditional fish surveys using benthic trawling, seining, and trapping were conducted twice annually at 12 sites on the Eastern Erie Canal between Oneida Lake and the Hudso
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: September 24, 2020
Organic and metal contaminants in fish tissue collected from the Buffalo River Area of Concern, 2017
Fish tissue from 159 samples collected at four locations in the Buffalo River Area of Concern in 2017 were analyzed for a wide range of analytes including Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine and other persistent organic compounds, metals, lipid and moisture. Over 230 analytes were analyzed in the tissue samples, including
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: December 19, 2019
Brook trout toxicity data from bioassays conducted in Western Adirondack Streams, 2001-03 and 2015-17
This dataset is composed of a single data table containing survival data and ancillary measurements for brook trout bioassays conducted in streams of the Western Adirondack Mountains during 2001-03 and 2015-17. At each stream site, 4 replicate bottles, each containing five young-of-year brook trout, are exposed to ambient stream waters for approximately one month during spring.
Date published: January 1, 2019
Data for Assessing the Status of Macroinvertebrate Communities and Sediment Toxicity in the Buffalo River Area of Concern, New York
Data from 10-day sediment toxicity tests of bed sediments from the Buffalo River Area of Concern (AOC) and reference reaches on the Buffalo River upstream of the AOC, Erie County, New York, respectively. Specifically, the data was used to compare the survival and growth of two macroinvertebrate species in sediments from study sites and laboratory controls. Results are from 10-day sedi
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: September 25, 2018
Adirondack and Catskill stream-fish survey dataset (ver. 3.0, November 2020)
The dataset is composed of two data tables containing information from electrofishing surveys conducted in the Catskill and Adirondack regions. The first data table contains fish collection information and the second data table contains information on the sampled reaches. First posted September 25, 2018, ver. 1.0 Revised July 2019, ver. 2.0 Revised November 2020, ver. 3.0 Version 3.0%
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: January 1, 2018
Data for impacts of introduced Alewife and White Perch on growth of Rainbow Trout in the Ashokan Reservoir, Catskill Mountains, New York
This dataset contains the results from aging and back-calculation of length-at-age of scale samples from 502 Rainbow Trout captured in the Ashokan Reservoir between 1952 and 2017. The first six columns contain collection information including an assigned fish number, the year and period of capture, the basin of the Ashokan Reservoir from which a fish was captured, and the length and weight
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: January 1, 2017
Data for effects of watershed and in-stream liming on macroinvertebrate communities in acidified tributaries to an Adirondack lake
In 2012, a program was initiated using in-stream and aerial (whole-watershed) liming to improve water quality and Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) recruitment in three acidified tributaries of a high-elevation Adirondack lake in New York State. Concurrently, macroinvertebrates were sampled annually between 2013 and 2016 at 3 treated and 3 untreated reference sites to assess the eff
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: January 1, 2017
Data used for assessing relationships between fish assemblages and acid-base chemistry in streams of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 1993-2014
Fish community richness, density, and biomass for entire communities, Brook Trout, Rainbow Trout, and minnows, including site characteristics, and water chemistry (acid neutralizing capacity, pH, nitrate, sulfate, ammonia, calcium, and total aluminum) collected at least once and as many as 13 times at each of 52 stream sites during the same years that fish were inve
Date published: December 20, 2016
Data for assessing the status of sediment toxicity and macroinvertebrate communities in the Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern, New York, 2014
Data from 10-day sediment toxicity tests of bed sediments from the Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern and Oak Orchard Creek (nearby reference stream), Niagara and Orleans County, New York, respectively. Specifically, the data was used to compare the survival and growth of two macroinvertebrate species in sediments from study sites and laboratory controls. Results are from 10-day sedim
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: September 15, 2016
Community composition data for assessing fish populations in headwater streams of the Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA
Community composition data from multi-pass electrofishing surveys for assessing fish populations in headwater streams of the Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA. Each row represents one individual fish. This spreadsheet contains 11 columns. The first 7 columns describe the data (year collected, local site ID, stream name, latitude, longitude, USGS site number, and electrofishing
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Date published: August 19, 2016
Data from 10-day sediment toxicity tests of bed sediments from the Niagara River Area of Concern and tributaries, New York, with Chironomus dilutus and Hyalella azteca, 2014-15
Data from 10-day sediment toxicity tests of bed sediments from the Niagara River area of concern and tributaries, Niagara and Erie County, New York. Specifically, the data was used to compare the survival and growth of two macroinvertebrate species in sediments from study sites and laboratory controls. Results are from 10-day sediment exposures of two test species, Chironomus dilutus and
Attribution: New York Water Science Center
Year Published: 2021
Survey of fish assemblages in the upper Neversink River and upper Rondout Creek, New York, 2017–19
Streams in the Catskill Mountains region of New York provide many important ecological and economic services, including recreational angling and serving as a drinking water supply to New York City. Many streams in this region were adversely affected by acid deposition during the late 20th century, impairing water quality and aquatic ecosystems....
Winterhalter, Dylan R.; George, Scott D.; Baldigo, Barry P.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
View Citation
Winterhalter, D.R., George, S.D., and Baldigo, B.P., 2021, Survey of fish assemblages in the upper Neversink River and upper Rondout Creek, 2017–19: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1137, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1137.
Year Published: 2021
Regional target loads of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition for the protection of stream and watershed soil resources of the Adirondack Mountains, USA
Acidic deposition contributes to a range of environmental impacts across forested landscapes, including acidification of soil and drainage water, toxic aluminum mobilization, depletion of available soil nutrient cations, and impacts to forest and aquatic species health and biodiversity. In response to decreasing levels of acidic deposition, soils...
McDonnell, Todd C.; Driscoll, Charles T.; Sullivan, Timothy J.; Burns, Douglas A.; Baldigo, Barry P.; Shao, Shuai; Lawrence, Gregory B.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2021
Considerations of variability and power for long-term monitoring of stream fish assemblages
Little attention has been given to optimizing statistical power for monitoring stream fish assemblages. We explored the relationship between temporal variability and statistical power using 34 metrics from fish community data collected annually at six sites over 10 years via electrofishing. Metric variability differed by the life stage and group...
George, Scott D.; Daniel Stich; Baldigo, Barry P.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2021
Eastward expansion of Round Goby in New York: Assessment of detection methods and current range
The Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus has spread rapidly around the Great Lakes region since its introduction to North America in 1990. In 2014, a specimen was captured in the New York State Canal System west of Utica, prompting concerns that Round Goby would soon reach the ecologically and economically valuable watersheds of Lake...
George, Scott D.; Baldigo, Barry P.; Rees, Christopher B.; Bartron, Meredith L.; Winterhalter, Dylan R.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2021
Biological and chemical recovery of acidified Catskill Mountain streams in response to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
Decades of acidic deposition have adversely affected aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in acid-sensitive watersheds in parts of the eastern United States. The national Acid Rain Program (Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments - CAAA) helped reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and resulted in sharp decreases...
Baldigo, Barry P.; George, Scott D.; Winterhalter, Dylan R.; McHale, MichaelAttribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2020
Quantifying and addressing the prevalence and bias of study designs in the environmental and social sciences
Building trust in science and evidence-based decision-making depends heavily on the credibility of studies and their findings. Researchers employ many different study designs that vary in their risk of bias to evaluate the true effect of interventions or impacts. Here, we empirically quantify, on a large scale, the prevalence of different study...
Christie, Alec P.; Abecasis, David; Adjeroud, Mehdi; Alonso, Juan C.; Amano, Tatsuya; Anton, Alvaro; Baldigo, Barry P.; Barrientos, Rafael; Bicknell, Jake E.; Buhl, Deborah A.; Cebrian, Just; Ceia, Ricardo S.; Cibils-Martina, Luciana; Clarke, Sarah; Claudet, Joachim; Craig, Michael D.; Davoult, Dominique; De Backer, Annelies; Donovan, Mary K.; Eddy, Tyler D.; França, Filipe M.; Gardner, Jonathan P.A.; Harris, Bradley P.; Huusko, Ari; Jones, Ian L.; Kelaher, Brendan P.; Kotiaho, Janne S.; López-Baucells, Adrià; Major, Heather L.; Mäki-Petäys, Aki; Martínez-López, Beatriz; Martín, Carlos A.; Martin, Philip A.; Mateos-Molina, Daniel; McConnaughey, Robert A.; Meroni, Michele; Meyer, Christoph F.J.; Mills, Kade; Montefalcone, Monica; Noreika, Norbertas; Palacín, Carlos; Pande, Anjali; Pitcher, C. Roland; Ponce, Carlos; Rinella, Matthew J.; Rocha, Ricardo; Ruiz-Delgado, María C.; Schmitter-Soto, Juan J.; Shaffer, Jill; Sharma, Shailesh; Sher, Anna A.; Stagnol, Doriane; Stanley, Thomas; Stokesbury, Kevin D.E.; Torres, Aurora; Tully, Oliver; Vehanen, Teppo; Watts, Corinne; Zhao, Qingyuan; Sutherland, William J.Attribution: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Ecosystems
Year Published: 2020
Decreases in aluminum toxicity and mortality of caged brook trout in Adirondack Mountain Streams
Mortality of juvenile brook trout and water chemistry were characterized in six western Adirondack streams in northern New York State during spring 2015, 2016, and 2017 and compared with results from comparable tests done between 1980 and 2003 in many of the same streams to assess temporal changes in inorganic monomeric aluminum (Ali)...
Baldigo, Barry P.; George, Scott D.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2020
The response of stream ecosystems in the Adirondack region of New York to historical and future changes in atmospheric deposition of sulfur and nitrogen
The present-day acid-base chemistry of surface waters can be directly linked to contemporary observations of acid deposition; however, pre-industrial conditions are key to predicting the potential future recovery of stream ecosystems under decreasing loads of atmospheric sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition. The integrated biogeochemical model...
Shao, Shuai; Driscoll, Charles T.; Sullivan, Timothy J.; Burns, Douglas A.; Baldigo, Barry P.; Lawrence, Gregory B.; McDonnell, Todd C.
Year Published: 2020
Predictive relations between acid-base chemistry and fish assemblages in streams of the Adirondack Mountains
Surface waters across much of New York State’s Adirondack Mountains were acidified in the late 20th century but began to recover following the 1990 Title IV Amendments to the Clean Air Act. Previous assessments of acidification recovery in the Adirondacks have generally been based on surface water chemistry data and inferred relationships to fish...
Bertok, Diane; Baldigo, Barry P.; George, Scott D.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2020
Declining aluminum toxicity and the role of exposure duration on brook trout mortality in acidified streams of the Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA
Mortality of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and water chemistry were characterized in 6 headwater streams in the western Adirondacks of New York during spring 2015, 2016, and 2017 and compared with results from analogous tests done between 1980 and 2003 in many of the same streams, to assess temporal changes in toxicity and inorganic...
Baldigo, Barry P.; George, Scott; Lawrence, Gregory B.; Eric A. PaulAttribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2019
Response of water chemistry and young-of-year brook trout to channel and watershed liming in streams showing lagging recovery from acidic deposition
Reductions in sulfur emissions have initiated chemical recovery of surface waters impacted by acidic deposition in the Adirondack region of New York State. However, acidified streams remain common in the region, which limits recovery of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations. To investigate liming as a method to accelerate recovery of...
Josephson, Daniel C; Lawrence, Gregory B.; George, Scott D.; Siemion, Jason; Baldigo, Barry P.; Kraft, Clifford E.Attribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Year Published: 2019
Resilience of benthic macroinvertebrates to extreme floods in a Catskill Mountain river, New York, USA: Implications for water quality monitoring and assessment
Changes in the timing, magnitude, frequency, and duration of extreme hydrologic events are becoming apparent and could disrupt species assemblages and stream ecosystems across the Northeastern United States. Between August 28 and 29 of 2011, an average of 31 cm of rain from Tropical Storm Irene fell across Eastern New York State in less than 24 h...
Smith, Alexander J.; Baldigo, Barry P.; Duffy, Brian T; George, Scott D.; Dresser, BrianAttribution: New York Water Science Center, Water Resources
Pre-USGS Publications
Baldigo, B. P., and T. P. Baudanza. 2001. Avoidance response and mortality of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) in tests with copper sulfate-treated waters from West Branch Reservoir, Putnam County, New York. U. S. Geological Survey, WRI 99-4237, Troy, NY.
Baldigo, B. P., K. R. Riva-Murray, and G. E. Schuler. 2004. Effects of environmental and spatial features on mussel populations and communities in a North American river. Walkerana 14(31):1-32.
Baldigo, B. P., D. R. Warren, A. S. Gallagher-Ernst, S. J. Miller, D. Davis, W.Keller, T. P. Baudanza, D. DeKoskie, and J. R. Buchanan, 2008. Restoring geomorphic stability and biodiversity in streams of the Catskill Mountains, New York, USA. Pages 1777-1790 in J. L. Nielsen, and coeditors, editors. Proceedings of the Fourth World Fisheries Congress: Reconciling fisheries with conservation, Symposium 49. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
Smith, A. J., B. T. Duffy, D. L. Heitzman, J. Lojpersberger, L. E. Abele, B. P. Baldigo, M. R. McHale, S. G. George, J. Siemion, and M. A. Novak. 2013. Upper Esopus Creek: Biological Assessment, 2009-2010 Survey. NYSDEC SOP 208·09, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Troy, NY., 30 pp.
Date published: August 27, 2021
Field Photo Friday Winner for August 2021
USGS New York Water Science Center Research Hyrologist Neil Terry preparing for resistivity surveys in Northern Minnesota. (Credit: Josh Woda, USGS NY WSC, Public domain.)