Caelan E Simeone
Caelan Simeone is a hydrologist at the U.S. Geological Survey at the Oregon Water Science Center in Portland, Oregon.
Caelan Simeone joined the Oregon Water Science Center in 2021. Before that he worked at the New England Water Science Center in Augusta, Maine. His work focuses on hydrologic drought and he is working on projects looking at drought nationally, in the Colorado River Basin, and in the Donner und Blitzen Basin in southeastern Oregon. He is also involved in some water quality focused projects in the Klamath Basin.
Professional Experience
Hydrologist, USGS Oregon Water Science Center, November 2022 - Present
Hydrologist, USGS New England Water Science Center, May 2018 - Present
Education and Certifications
University of Montana, B.S. in Geosciences, 2016
University of Montana, M.S. in Geosciences, 2018
Science and Products
Nutrient and Sediment Loading to Upper Klamath Lake
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) computes time-series of total phosphorus (TP) and suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) and loads entering Upper Klamath Lake using continuous turbidity sensor records, discrete TP and SSC data, and continuously computed streamflow.
Filter Total Items: 19
Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, McKenzie River Basin, Oregon, September 1999 Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, McKenzie River Basin, Oregon, September 1999
This dataset includes high-resolution thermal infrared (TIR) and true-color images collected from crewed aircraft and a point shapefile and corresponding comma-delimited tabular data representing the longitudinal spatial patterns of water surface temperature in the surveyed streams in the McKenzie River basin, Oregon. The USDA Forest Service, McKenzie River Ranger District contracted...
Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive
This data release contains data used to develop and apply a model that estimates the level of direct human-impact on selected groundwater wells in the conterminous United States. An extreme gradient boosting model was developed to estimate the probability of minimal human-impact to water levels in groundwater wells. The model uses human-impact evaluations from regional groundwater...
Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, Santiam River Basin, Oregon, August 2000 Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, Santiam River Basin, Oregon, August 2000
This dataset includes high-resolution thermal infrared (TIR) and true-color images collected from crewed aircraft and a point shapefile and corresponding comma-delimited tabular data representing the longitudinal spatial patterns of surface water temperature in the surveyed streams in the Santiam River Basin, Oregon. The aerial surveys were contracted through Watershed Sciences, LLC by...
In-Situ Water Temperature Data Compiled from Multiple Agencies Across the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, 2011 to 2024 In-Situ Water Temperature Data Compiled from Multiple Agencies Across the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, 2011 to 2024
This data release contains a dataset of continuous in-situ water temperature records from multiple federal, state, local agencies, non-profit organizations, and private industry partners across 788 locations within the Willamette River Basin (WRB) from years 2011 to 2024. This dataset complements and extends the existing multi-agency NorWeST water temperature dataset for the Willamette...
Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020 Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020
This metadata record describes a series of datasets containing metrics used to characterize drought for groundwater wells in the conterminous United States (CONUS). This data is associated with a publication that looks to answer questions about groundwater drought in CONUS. The publication uses the time periods 1981-2020 and 2001-2020, but this dataset includes additional time periods...
Data and metrics for evaluating hydrologic model performance and simulation of drought duration, severity, deficit, and occurrence in the conterminous United States Data and metrics for evaluating hydrologic model performance and simulation of drought duration, severity, deficit, and occurrence in the conterminous United States
This data release presents truth data and benchmark results describing simulation of hydrologic drought events in the conterminous United States. This data release supports a publication (Simeone and others, 2024) which documents drought benchmarking methods and their application to the results of the National Water Model (NWM) version 2.1. Truth data used were observations at U.S...
Below are publications that Caelan has authored.
Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the Conterminous United States (CONUS): Developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the Conterminous United States (CONUS): Developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations
Forecasts of streamflow drought, when streamflow declines below typical levels, are notably less available than for floods or meteorological drought, despite widespread impacts. To address this gap, we apply machine learning (ML) models to forecast streamflow drought 1-13 weeks into the future at > 3,000 streamgage locations across the conterminous United States (CONUS). We applied two...
Authors
John C. Hammond, Phillip J. Goodling, Jeremy Alejandro Diaz, Hayley R. Corson-Dosch, Aaron Joseph Heldmyer, Scott Douglas Hamshaw, Ryan R. McShane, Jesse Cleveland Ross, Roy Sando, Caelan Simeone, Erik Smith, Leah Ellen Staub, David Watkins, Michael Wieczorek, Kendall C. Wnuk, Jacob Aaron Zwart
Hydrological whiplash: Highlighting the need for better understanding and quantification of sub-seasonal hydrological extreme transitions Hydrological whiplash: Highlighting the need for better understanding and quantification of sub-seasonal hydrological extreme transitions
In this commentary, we aim to (1) describe ways that hydrological intensification and hydrological whiplash (sub-seasonal transitions between hydrological extremes) may impact water management decision-making, (2) introduce the complexities of identifying and quantifying hydrological extreme transitions, (3) discuss the processes controlling hydrological transitions and trends in...
Authors
John C. Hammond, Bailey Anderson, Caelan Simeone, Manuela Brunner, Eduardo Munoz-Castro, Stacey A. Archfield, Eugene Magee, Rachael Armitage
Evaluating hydrologic model performance for characterizing streamflow drought in the conterminous United States Evaluating hydrologic model performance for characterizing streamflow drought in the conterminous United States
Hydrologic models are the primary tools that are used to simulate streamflow drought and assess impacts. However, there is little consensus about how to evaluate the performance of these models, especially as hydrologic modeling moves toward larger spatial domains. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-objective approach to systematically evaluating the critical features in...
Authors
Caelan Simeone, Sydney Foks, Erin Towler, Timothy O. Hodson, Thomas M. Over
Declining reservoir reliability and increasing reservoir vulnerability: Long-term observations reveal longer and more severe periods of low reservoir storage for major United States reservoirs Declining reservoir reliability and increasing reservoir vulnerability: Long-term observations reveal longer and more severe periods of low reservoir storage for major United States reservoirs
Hydrological drought is a pervasive and reoccurring challenge in managing water resources. Reservoirs are critical for lessening the impacts of drought on water available for many uses. We use a novel and generalized approach to identify periods of unusually low reservoir storage—via comparisons to operational rule curves and historical patterns—to investigate how droughts affect storage...
Authors
Caelan Simeone, John C. Hammond, Stacey A. Archfield, Dan Broman, Laura Condon, Hisham Eldardiry, Carolyn G. Olson, Jen Steyaert
Low-flow period seasonality, trends, and climate linkages across the United States Low-flow period seasonality, trends, and climate linkages across the United States
Low-flow period properties, including timing, magnitude, and duration, influence many key processes for water resource managers and ecosystems. We computed annual low-flow period duration and timing metrics from 1951 to 2020 for 1032 conterminous United States (CONUS) streamgages and analyzed spatial patterns, trends through time, and relationships to climate. Results show northwestern...
Authors
Caelan Simeone, Gregory J. McCabe, Jory Seth Hecht, John C. Hammond, Glenn A. Hodgkins, Carolyn G. Olson, Michael Wieczorek, David M. Wolock
Total phosphorus and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads from two main tributaries to Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2014–20 Total phosphorus and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads from two main tributaries to Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2014–20
Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) and loads were computed at two U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages in the upper Klamath River Basin on the Sprague (USGS site ID 11501000) and Williamson (USGS site ID 11502500) Rivers using high temporal resolution turbidity and streamflow data to develop surrogate regression models. Regression models were updated...
Authors
Liam N. Schenk, Caelan Simeone
Below is software that Caelan has helped developed.
HyMED Hydrologic Model Evaluation for Drought HyMED Hydrologic Model Evaluation for Drought
This package facilitates the analysis and evaluation of hydrologic model streamflow output during periods of drought. This package calculates the Cohen's Kappa, Spearman correlation coefficient, ratio of standard deviation, percent bias, normalized mean absolute error (NMAE) in the annual time series of drought duration, NMAE in the annual times series of the distance the minimum...
Low Flow Period Seasonality Trend and Climate Linkages Across the United States Software Release version 1.0.0 Low Flow Period Seasonality Trend and Climate Linkages Across the United States Software Release version 1.0.0
This is scientific code released to support the paper Low Flow Period Seasonality Trend And Climate Linkages Across The United States.
Hydrologic Model Evaluation and Time-Series Tools (HyMETT) R-package Hydrologic Model Evaluation and Time-Series Tools (HyMETT) R-package
Hydrologic Model and Evaluation Time-series Tools (HyMETT) software facilitates the analysis and evaluation of hydrologic model output and time-series data with functions focused on comparison of modeled and observed data, period-of-record statistics, and trends.
altimDSWE and RSQcomp R Packages For Remote Sensing Discharge altimDSWE and RSQcomp R Packages For Remote Sensing Discharge
Projects and apps to support computation of stream discharge using remotely-sensed satellite data. (RSQ, Remotely Sensed Discharge): altimDSWE: Shiny app tool to support development of relations between satellite altimetry and DSWE data RSQcomp: Shiny app tool for computing stream discharge using remotely sensed data
Science and Products
Nutrient and Sediment Loading to Upper Klamath Lake
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) computes time-series of total phosphorus (TP) and suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) and loads entering Upper Klamath Lake using continuous turbidity sensor records, discrete TP and SSC data, and continuously computed streamflow.
Filter Total Items: 19
Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, McKenzie River Basin, Oregon, September 1999 Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, McKenzie River Basin, Oregon, September 1999
This dataset includes high-resolution thermal infrared (TIR) and true-color images collected from crewed aircraft and a point shapefile and corresponding comma-delimited tabular data representing the longitudinal spatial patterns of water surface temperature in the surveyed streams in the McKenzie River basin, Oregon. The USDA Forest Service, McKenzie River Ranger District contracted...
Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive
This data release contains data used to develop and apply a model that estimates the level of direct human-impact on selected groundwater wells in the conterminous United States. An extreme gradient boosting model was developed to estimate the probability of minimal human-impact to water levels in groundwater wells. The model uses human-impact evaluations from regional groundwater...
Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, Santiam River Basin, Oregon, August 2000 Airborne Thermal Infrared and True-color Imagery and Longitudinal Profiles of Stream Temperatures, Santiam River Basin, Oregon, August 2000
This dataset includes high-resolution thermal infrared (TIR) and true-color images collected from crewed aircraft and a point shapefile and corresponding comma-delimited tabular data representing the longitudinal spatial patterns of surface water temperature in the surveyed streams in the Santiam River Basin, Oregon. The aerial surveys were contracted through Watershed Sciences, LLC by...
In-Situ Water Temperature Data Compiled from Multiple Agencies Across the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, 2011 to 2024 In-Situ Water Temperature Data Compiled from Multiple Agencies Across the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, 2011 to 2024
This data release contains a dataset of continuous in-situ water temperature records from multiple federal, state, local agencies, non-profit organizations, and private industry partners across 788 locations within the Willamette River Basin (WRB) from years 2011 to 2024. This dataset complements and extends the existing multi-agency NorWeST water temperature dataset for the Willamette...
Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020 Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020
This metadata record describes a series of datasets containing metrics used to characterize drought for groundwater wells in the conterminous United States (CONUS). This data is associated with a publication that looks to answer questions about groundwater drought in CONUS. The publication uses the time periods 1981-2020 and 2001-2020, but this dataset includes additional time periods...
Data and metrics for evaluating hydrologic model performance and simulation of drought duration, severity, deficit, and occurrence in the conterminous United States Data and metrics for evaluating hydrologic model performance and simulation of drought duration, severity, deficit, and occurrence in the conterminous United States
This data release presents truth data and benchmark results describing simulation of hydrologic drought events in the conterminous United States. This data release supports a publication (Simeone and others, 2024) which documents drought benchmarking methods and their application to the results of the National Water Model (NWM) version 2.1. Truth data used were observations at U.S...
Below are publications that Caelan has authored.
Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the Conterminous United States (CONUS): Developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations Machine learning generated streamflow drought forecasts for the Conterminous United States (CONUS): Developing and evaluating an operational tool to enhance sub-seasonal to seasonal streamflow drought early warning for gaged locations
Forecasts of streamflow drought, when streamflow declines below typical levels, are notably less available than for floods or meteorological drought, despite widespread impacts. To address this gap, we apply machine learning (ML) models to forecast streamflow drought 1-13 weeks into the future at > 3,000 streamgage locations across the conterminous United States (CONUS). We applied two...
Authors
John C. Hammond, Phillip J. Goodling, Jeremy Alejandro Diaz, Hayley R. Corson-Dosch, Aaron Joseph Heldmyer, Scott Douglas Hamshaw, Ryan R. McShane, Jesse Cleveland Ross, Roy Sando, Caelan Simeone, Erik Smith, Leah Ellen Staub, David Watkins, Michael Wieczorek, Kendall C. Wnuk, Jacob Aaron Zwart
Hydrological whiplash: Highlighting the need for better understanding and quantification of sub-seasonal hydrological extreme transitions Hydrological whiplash: Highlighting the need for better understanding and quantification of sub-seasonal hydrological extreme transitions
In this commentary, we aim to (1) describe ways that hydrological intensification and hydrological whiplash (sub-seasonal transitions between hydrological extremes) may impact water management decision-making, (2) introduce the complexities of identifying and quantifying hydrological extreme transitions, (3) discuss the processes controlling hydrological transitions and trends in...
Authors
John C. Hammond, Bailey Anderson, Caelan Simeone, Manuela Brunner, Eduardo Munoz-Castro, Stacey A. Archfield, Eugene Magee, Rachael Armitage
Evaluating hydrologic model performance for characterizing streamflow drought in the conterminous United States Evaluating hydrologic model performance for characterizing streamflow drought in the conterminous United States
Hydrologic models are the primary tools that are used to simulate streamflow drought and assess impacts. However, there is little consensus about how to evaluate the performance of these models, especially as hydrologic modeling moves toward larger spatial domains. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-objective approach to systematically evaluating the critical features in...
Authors
Caelan Simeone, Sydney Foks, Erin Towler, Timothy O. Hodson, Thomas M. Over
Declining reservoir reliability and increasing reservoir vulnerability: Long-term observations reveal longer and more severe periods of low reservoir storage for major United States reservoirs Declining reservoir reliability and increasing reservoir vulnerability: Long-term observations reveal longer and more severe periods of low reservoir storage for major United States reservoirs
Hydrological drought is a pervasive and reoccurring challenge in managing water resources. Reservoirs are critical for lessening the impacts of drought on water available for many uses. We use a novel and generalized approach to identify periods of unusually low reservoir storage—via comparisons to operational rule curves and historical patterns—to investigate how droughts affect storage...
Authors
Caelan Simeone, John C. Hammond, Stacey A. Archfield, Dan Broman, Laura Condon, Hisham Eldardiry, Carolyn G. Olson, Jen Steyaert
Low-flow period seasonality, trends, and climate linkages across the United States Low-flow period seasonality, trends, and climate linkages across the United States
Low-flow period properties, including timing, magnitude, and duration, influence many key processes for water resource managers and ecosystems. We computed annual low-flow period duration and timing metrics from 1951 to 2020 for 1032 conterminous United States (CONUS) streamgages and analyzed spatial patterns, trends through time, and relationships to climate. Results show northwestern...
Authors
Caelan Simeone, Gregory J. McCabe, Jory Seth Hecht, John C. Hammond, Glenn A. Hodgkins, Carolyn G. Olson, Michael Wieczorek, David M. Wolock
Total phosphorus and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads from two main tributaries to Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2014–20 Total phosphorus and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads from two main tributaries to Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2014–20
Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) and loads were computed at two U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages in the upper Klamath River Basin on the Sprague (USGS site ID 11501000) and Williamson (USGS site ID 11502500) Rivers using high temporal resolution turbidity and streamflow data to develop surrogate regression models. Regression models were updated...
Authors
Liam N. Schenk, Caelan Simeone
Below is software that Caelan has helped developed.
HyMED Hydrologic Model Evaluation for Drought HyMED Hydrologic Model Evaluation for Drought
This package facilitates the analysis and evaluation of hydrologic model streamflow output during periods of drought. This package calculates the Cohen's Kappa, Spearman correlation coefficient, ratio of standard deviation, percent bias, normalized mean absolute error (NMAE) in the annual time series of drought duration, NMAE in the annual times series of the distance the minimum...
Low Flow Period Seasonality Trend and Climate Linkages Across the United States Software Release version 1.0.0 Low Flow Period Seasonality Trend and Climate Linkages Across the United States Software Release version 1.0.0
This is scientific code released to support the paper Low Flow Period Seasonality Trend And Climate Linkages Across The United States.
Hydrologic Model Evaluation and Time-Series Tools (HyMETT) R-package Hydrologic Model Evaluation and Time-Series Tools (HyMETT) R-package
Hydrologic Model and Evaluation Time-series Tools (HyMETT) software facilitates the analysis and evaluation of hydrologic model output and time-series data with functions focused on comparison of modeled and observed data, period-of-record statistics, and trends.
altimDSWE and RSQcomp R Packages For Remote Sensing Discharge altimDSWE and RSQcomp R Packages For Remote Sensing Discharge
Projects and apps to support computation of stream discharge using remotely-sensed satellite data. (RSQ, Remotely Sensed Discharge): altimDSWE: Shiny app tool to support development of relations between satellite altimetry and DSWE data RSQcomp: Shiny app tool for computing stream discharge using remotely sensed data