David R Smith, Ph.D.
Dave is a Research Statistician (Biology) at the Eastern Ecological Science Center in Kearneysville, WV.
Dave Smith graduated from Colorado State (MS in Fish and Wildlife Biology) and University of Georgia (MS in Statistics and PhD in Forest Resources). Currently, he is a biological statistician at the USGS Leetown Science Center where he focuses on applied quantitative ecology in support of natural resource management and environmental decision making.
His research activities mostly focus on the following topics:
- Adaptive sampling of rare and clustered populations
- Conservation and science of horseshoe crabs in North America and Asia
- Conservation of freshwater mussels
- Application of structured decision making and adaptive management to natural resource management
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 117
Effect of imperfect detectability on adaptive and conventional sampling: Simulated sampling of freshwater mussels in the upper Mississippi River Effect of imperfect detectability on adaptive and conventional sampling: Simulated sampling of freshwater mussels in the upper Mississippi River
Adaptive sampling designs are recommended where, as is typical with freshwater mussels, the outcome of interest is rare and clustered. However, the performance of adaptive designs has not been investigated when outcomes are not only rare and clustered but also imperfectly detected. We address this combination of challenges using data simulated to mimic properties of freshwater mussels...
Authors
D. R. Smith, B. R. Gray, T.J. Newton, D. Nichols
Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus)
Lead poisoning is a primary factor impeding the survival and recovery of the critically endangered California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus). However, the frequency and magnitude of lead exposure in condors is not well-known in part because most blood lead monitoring occurs biannually, and biannual blood samples capture only ∼10% of a bird’s annual exposure history. We investigated the...
Authors
M.E. Finkelstein, D. George, S. Scherbinski, R. Gwiazda, M. Johnson, J. Burnett, J. Brandt, S. Lawrey, Allan Pessier, M.R. Clark, Janna Wynne, J. Grantham, D. R. Smith
Efficient estimators for adaptive stratified sequential sampling Efficient estimators for adaptive stratified sequential sampling
In stratified sampling, methods for the allocation of effort among strata usually rely on some measure of within-stratum variance. If we do not have enough information about these variances, adaptive allocation can be used. In adaptive allocation designs, surveys are conducted in two phases. Information from the first phase is used to allocate the remaining units among the strata in the...
Authors
M. Salehi, M. Moradi, Jennifer Brown, David Smith
Comparative status and assessment of Limulus polyphemus with emphasis on the New England and Delaware Bay populations Comparative status and assessment of Limulus polyphemus with emphasis on the New England and Delaware Bay populations
Increases in harvest of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) during the 1990s, particularly for whelk bait, coupled with decreases in species that depend on their eggs has reduced horseshoe crab abundance, threatened their ecological relationships, and dictated precautionary management of the horseshoe crab resource. Accordingly, population assessments and monitoring programs...
Authors
David Smith, Michael Millard, Ruth Carmichael
Proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus Polyphemus) of the Delaware Bay Proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus Polyphemus) of the Delaware Bay
The unresolved status of the proximate cause for sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs has practical consequence, because harvest recommendations rely on assumptions about sex-specific growth and maturity. We propose and evaluate competing hypotheses for the proximate cause of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) by comparing size and estimated age...
Authors
D. R. Smith, M.T. Mandt, P.D.M. Macdonald
Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania
Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, was listed as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission in part because of the high incidence of external tumor in brown bullheads. Verifying the source of the possible contaminant exposure is critical to addressing the AOC designation. We used telemetry tracking (n = 49 fish) to test the hypothesis that adult bullheads captured within...
Authors
M. Millard, D. R. Smith, E. Obert, J. Grazio, M.L. Bartron, C. Wellington, S. Grise, S. Rafferty, R. Wellington, S. Julian
An incomplete analysis An incomplete analysis
Niles and colleagues (2009) do not present all of the data relevant to the issues they address in the article they wrote for BioScience. They reference unnamed sources for pre-1997 horseshoe crab harvest to conclude that recent harvest exceeds historic harvest. In fact, reported landings from New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia in 2006 (352 metric tons [mt]) were between...
Authors
David Smith, Eric Hallerman, Michael Millard, John Sweka, Richard Weber
Modeling distribution of dispersal distances in male white-tailed deer Modeling distribution of dispersal distances in male white-tailed deer
Dispersal distances and their distribution pattern are important to understanding such phenomena as disease spread and gene flow, but oftentimes dispersal characteristics are modeled as a fixed trait for a given species. We found that dispersal distributions differ for spring and autumn dispersals of yearling male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) but that combined data can be...
Authors
Duane R. Diefenbach, E.S. Long, C.S. Rosenberry, B.D. Wallingford, D. R. Smith
Evaluating sampling designs by computer simulation: A case study with the Missouri bladderpod Evaluating sampling designs by computer simulation: A case study with the Missouri bladderpod
To effectively manage rare populations, accurate monitoring data are critical. Yet many monitoring programs are initiated without careful consideration of whether chosen sampling designs will provide accurate estimates of population parameters. Obtaining accurate estimates is especially difficult when natural variability is high, or limited budgets determine that only a small fraction of...
Authors
L.W. Morrison, D. R. Smith, C. Young, D.W. Nichols
An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations
How to design an efficient large-area survey continues to be an interesting question for ecologists. In sampling large areas, as is common in environmental studies, adaptive sampling can be efficient because it ensures survey effort is targeted to subareas of high interest. In two-stage sampling, higher density primary sample units are usually of more interest than lower density primary...
Authors
J.A. Brown, M.M. Salehi, M. Moradi, G. Bell, D. R. Smith
Physical and chemical changes in the foreshore of an estuarine beach: Implications for viability and development of horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus eggs Physical and chemical changes in the foreshore of an estuarine beach: Implications for viability and development of horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus eggs
Knowledge of conditions that favor development of eggs is important for management of species whose population growth is sensitive to early life history survival. Viability and development of the eggs of horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus on a sand and gravel beach were evaluated using data gathered on Delaware Bay, USA, from 18 May to 19 June 2004. Eggs were transplanted to pouches and...
Authors
N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, K.F. Nordstrom
Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages
Intersex, or the presence of characteristics of both sexes, in fishes that are normally gonochoristic has been used as an indicator of exposure to estrogenic compounds. In 2003, during health assessments conducted in response to kills and a high prevalence of skin lesions observed in smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in the South Branch of the Potomac River, the presence of immature...
Authors
Vicki S. Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Deborah Iwanowicz, David Smith, John Young, J.D. Hedrick, S.W. Foster, S.J. Reeser
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 117
Effect of imperfect detectability on adaptive and conventional sampling: Simulated sampling of freshwater mussels in the upper Mississippi River Effect of imperfect detectability on adaptive and conventional sampling: Simulated sampling of freshwater mussels in the upper Mississippi River
Adaptive sampling designs are recommended where, as is typical with freshwater mussels, the outcome of interest is rare and clustered. However, the performance of adaptive designs has not been investigated when outcomes are not only rare and clustered but also imperfectly detected. We address this combination of challenges using data simulated to mimic properties of freshwater mussels...
Authors
D. R. Smith, B. R. Gray, T.J. Newton, D. Nichols
Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus)
Lead poisoning is a primary factor impeding the survival and recovery of the critically endangered California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus). However, the frequency and magnitude of lead exposure in condors is not well-known in part because most blood lead monitoring occurs biannually, and biannual blood samples capture only ∼10% of a bird’s annual exposure history. We investigated the...
Authors
M.E. Finkelstein, D. George, S. Scherbinski, R. Gwiazda, M. Johnson, J. Burnett, J. Brandt, S. Lawrey, Allan Pessier, M.R. Clark, Janna Wynne, J. Grantham, D. R. Smith
Efficient estimators for adaptive stratified sequential sampling Efficient estimators for adaptive stratified sequential sampling
In stratified sampling, methods for the allocation of effort among strata usually rely on some measure of within-stratum variance. If we do not have enough information about these variances, adaptive allocation can be used. In adaptive allocation designs, surveys are conducted in two phases. Information from the first phase is used to allocate the remaining units among the strata in the...
Authors
M. Salehi, M. Moradi, Jennifer Brown, David Smith
Comparative status and assessment of Limulus polyphemus with emphasis on the New England and Delaware Bay populations Comparative status and assessment of Limulus polyphemus with emphasis on the New England and Delaware Bay populations
Increases in harvest of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) during the 1990s, particularly for whelk bait, coupled with decreases in species that depend on their eggs has reduced horseshoe crab abundance, threatened their ecological relationships, and dictated precautionary management of the horseshoe crab resource. Accordingly, population assessments and monitoring programs...
Authors
David Smith, Michael Millard, Ruth Carmichael
Proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus Polyphemus) of the Delaware Bay Proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus Polyphemus) of the Delaware Bay
The unresolved status of the proximate cause for sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs has practical consequence, because harvest recommendations rely on assumptions about sex-specific growth and maturity. We propose and evaluate competing hypotheses for the proximate cause of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) by comparing size and estimated age...
Authors
D. R. Smith, M.T. Mandt, P.D.M. Macdonald
Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania
Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, was listed as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission in part because of the high incidence of external tumor in brown bullheads. Verifying the source of the possible contaminant exposure is critical to addressing the AOC designation. We used telemetry tracking (n = 49 fish) to test the hypothesis that adult bullheads captured within...
Authors
M. Millard, D. R. Smith, E. Obert, J. Grazio, M.L. Bartron, C. Wellington, S. Grise, S. Rafferty, R. Wellington, S. Julian
An incomplete analysis An incomplete analysis
Niles and colleagues (2009) do not present all of the data relevant to the issues they address in the article they wrote for BioScience. They reference unnamed sources for pre-1997 horseshoe crab harvest to conclude that recent harvest exceeds historic harvest. In fact, reported landings from New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia in 2006 (352 metric tons [mt]) were between...
Authors
David Smith, Eric Hallerman, Michael Millard, John Sweka, Richard Weber
Modeling distribution of dispersal distances in male white-tailed deer Modeling distribution of dispersal distances in male white-tailed deer
Dispersal distances and their distribution pattern are important to understanding such phenomena as disease spread and gene flow, but oftentimes dispersal characteristics are modeled as a fixed trait for a given species. We found that dispersal distributions differ for spring and autumn dispersals of yearling male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) but that combined data can be...
Authors
Duane R. Diefenbach, E.S. Long, C.S. Rosenberry, B.D. Wallingford, D. R. Smith
Evaluating sampling designs by computer simulation: A case study with the Missouri bladderpod Evaluating sampling designs by computer simulation: A case study with the Missouri bladderpod
To effectively manage rare populations, accurate monitoring data are critical. Yet many monitoring programs are initiated without careful consideration of whether chosen sampling designs will provide accurate estimates of population parameters. Obtaining accurate estimates is especially difficult when natural variability is high, or limited budgets determine that only a small fraction of...
Authors
L.W. Morrison, D. R. Smith, C. Young, D.W. Nichols
An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations
How to design an efficient large-area survey continues to be an interesting question for ecologists. In sampling large areas, as is common in environmental studies, adaptive sampling can be efficient because it ensures survey effort is targeted to subareas of high interest. In two-stage sampling, higher density primary sample units are usually of more interest than lower density primary...
Authors
J.A. Brown, M.M. Salehi, M. Moradi, G. Bell, D. R. Smith
Physical and chemical changes in the foreshore of an estuarine beach: Implications for viability and development of horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus eggs Physical and chemical changes in the foreshore of an estuarine beach: Implications for viability and development of horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus eggs
Knowledge of conditions that favor development of eggs is important for management of species whose population growth is sensitive to early life history survival. Viability and development of the eggs of horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus on a sand and gravel beach were evaluated using data gathered on Delaware Bay, USA, from 18 May to 19 June 2004. Eggs were transplanted to pouches and...
Authors
N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, K.F. Nordstrom
Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages
Intersex, or the presence of characteristics of both sexes, in fishes that are normally gonochoristic has been used as an indicator of exposure to estrogenic compounds. In 2003, during health assessments conducted in response to kills and a high prevalence of skin lesions observed in smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in the South Branch of the Potomac River, the presence of immature...
Authors
Vicki S. Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Deborah Iwanowicz, David Smith, John Young, J.D. Hedrick, S.W. Foster, S.J. Reeser