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map of New York state with colored areas for aquifers

Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features

Background: The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) and Health (NYS DOH) are concerned about groundwater contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers in New York, especially relating to the unintended introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liquid manure to these aquifers. These carbonate rocks form extensive aquifers that transmit, and can...
By
New York Water Science Center
Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features

Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features

Background: The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) and Health (NYS DOH) are concerned about groundwater contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers in New York, especially relating to the unintended introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liquid manure to these aquifers. These carbonate rocks form extensive aquifers that transmit, and can yield
Learn More
multicolored illustration of layers of geologic units in western NY

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifers in Livingston and Monroe Counties, Western New York

Background: A sequence of gently dipping carbonate bedrock - the Bertie Formation, Akron Dolostone, and Onondaga Limestone crop out along a 2- to5-mile wide band in western and central New York. These bedrock units trend east-west for 250 miles across the State and form extensive carbonate-bedrock aquifers which transmit and yield water from solution-enlarged fractures, bedding planes...
By
New York Water Science Center
Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifers in Livingston and Monroe Counties, Western New York

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifers in Livingston and Monroe Counties, Western New York

Background: A sequence of gently dipping carbonate bedrock - the Bertie Formation, Akron Dolostone, and Onondaga Limestone crop out along a 2- to5-mile wide band in western and central New York. These bedrock units trend east-west for 250 miles across the State and form extensive carbonate-bedrock aquifers which transmit and yield water from solution-enlarged fractures, bedding planes, and other
Learn More
map of New York counties with study area in black

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifer in Genesee County, Western New York

Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about ground-water contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers, especially relating to the inadvertent introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)...
By
New York Water Science Center
Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifer in Genesee County, Western New York

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifer in Genesee County, Western New York

Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about ground-water contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers, especially relating to the inadvertent introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
Learn More
calm water with rocks and green leafed trees on banks

Hydrogeology and Surface/Groundwater Interactions in the Meads Creek Valley, Schuyler and Steuben Counties, New York

Problem - The interaction between ground water and surface water within the Meads Creek watershed is not well understood, and the need for understanding the interaction has increased in recent years because of widespread concerns related to water supply, ground- and surface-water contamination, loss of wetlands due to development; and other changes in the watershed. In addition, flooding...
By
New York Water Science Center
Hydrogeology and Surface/Groundwater Interactions in the Meads Creek Valley, Schuyler and Steuben Counties, New York

Hydrogeology and Surface/Groundwater Interactions in the Meads Creek Valley, Schuyler and Steuben Counties, New York

Problem - The interaction between ground water and surface water within the Meads Creek watershed is not well understood, and the need for understanding the interaction has increased in recent years because of widespread concerns related to water supply, ground- and surface-water contamination, loss of wetlands due to development; and other changes in the watershed. In addition, flooding in
Learn More

Database for the geologic map of the Frederick 30 x 60 quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia Database for the geologic map of the Frederick 30 x 60 quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia

The database for the geologic map of the Frederick 30 x 60 quadrangle covers the distinct geologic provinces and sections of the central Appalachian region that are defined by unique bedrock and resulting landforms. From west to east, the provinces include the Great Valley section of the Valley and Ridge province, the Blue Ridge province, and the Piedmont province; in the extreme...
By
Florence Bascom Geoscience Center

Crosswalk table between 12-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC12) and hydrologic region boundaries Crosswalk table between 12-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC12) and hydrologic region boundaries

This data release contains a crosswalk between subwatersheds (12-digit hydrologic unit codes; hereafter, HUC12s) and hydrologic regions (sometimes called "Van Metre regions"). This crosswalk allows for data at the HUC12 scale to be summarized regionally. Hydrologic regions are boundaries of hydrologically distinct areas modified from hydrologic subregions (4-digit Hydrologic units; HUC4s...
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Integrated Water Availability Assessments

Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope mass balance evaluation of the National Water Model (v2.1) streamflow, runoff and groundwater flows Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope mass balance evaluation of the National Water Model (v2.1) streamflow, runoff and groundwater flows

This data release contains the results of an isotopic mass balance approach to provide an estimate of the long-term average isotope ratios of NWM streamflow for the summer season (JJA) between 2000 and 2019 in the Western United States. The NWM-estimated long-term average isotope ratios are compared directly to 6426 stream stable isotope observations in 995 unique catchments. Quantified
By
Utah Water Science Center

Data for Machine Learning Predictions of Nitrate in Groundwater Used for Drinking Supply in the Conterminous United States Data for Machine Learning Predictions of Nitrate in Groundwater Used for Drinking Supply in the Conterminous United States

A three-dimensional extreme gradient boosting (XGB) machine learning model was developed to predict the distribution of nitrate in groundwater across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Nitrate was predicted at a 1-square-kilometer (km) resolution for two drinking water zones, each of variable depth, one for domestic supply and one for public supply. The model used measured nitrate
By
California Water Science Center

Groundwater data, predictor variables, and rasters used for predicting redox conditions in the glacial aquifer, northern continental United States Groundwater data, predictor variables, and rasters used for predicting redox conditions in the glacial aquifer, northern continental United States

This data release contains input data used in model development and TIF raster files used to predict the probability of low dissolved oxygen (DO) and high dissolved iron (Fe) in groundwater within the glacial aquifer system in the northern continental United States. Input data include measured DO and Fe concentrations at groundwater wells, and associated predictor variable data. The...
By
Water Resources Mission Area

Data for machine learning predictions of pH in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA Data for machine learning predictions of pH in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA

A boosted regression tree (BRT) model was developed to predict pH conditions in three-dimensions throughout the glacial aquifer system (GLAC) of the contiguous United States using pH measurements in samples from 18,258 wells and predictor variables that represent aspects of the hydrogeologic setting. Model results indicate that the carbonate content of soils and aquifer materials...
By
Water Resources Mission Area

Hydrogeologic and geospatial data for the assessment of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock Aquifer in Genesee County, New York Hydrogeologic and geospatial data for the assessment of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock Aquifer in Genesee County, New York

Existing hydrogeologic and geospatial data useful for the assessment of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock aquifer in the central part of Genesee County, NY, were compiled from numerous local, State, and Federal agency sources. Data sources utilized in this pilot study include available geospatial datasets from Federal and State agencies, interviews with local highway departments and...
By
Water Resources Mission Area, New York Water Science Center

Geologic Map of the Frederick 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia Geologic Map of the Frederick 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia

The Frederick 30? ? 60? quadrangle lies within the Potomac River watershed of the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin. The map area covers parts of Montgomery, Howard, Carroll, Frederick, and Washington Counties in Maryland; Loudoun, Clarke, and Fairfax Counties in Virginia; and Jefferson and Berkeley Counties in West Virginia. Many geologic features (such as faults and folds) are named for...
Filter Total Items: 33

Status of water-quality conditions in the United States, 2010–20 Status of water-quality conditions in the United States, 2010–20

Degradation of water quality can make water harmful or unusable for humans and ecosystems. Although many studies have assessed the effect of individual constituents or narrow suites of constituents on freshwater systems, no consistent, comprehensive assessment exists over the wide range of water-quality effects on water availability. Using published studies, data, and models completed at...
Authors
Melinda L. Erickson, Olivia L. Miller, Matthew J. Cashman, James R. Degnan, James E. Reddy, Anthony J. Martinez, Elmera Azadpour
By
New England Water Science Center, Integrated Water Availability Assessments

Isotopic evaluation of the National Water Model reveals missing agricultural irrigation contributions to streamflow across the western United States Isotopic evaluation of the National Water Model reveals missing agricultural irrigation contributions to streamflow across the western United States

The National Water Model (NWM) provides critical analyses and projections of streamflow that support water management decisions. However, the NWM performs poorly in lower-elevation rivers of the western United States (US). The accuracy of the NWM depends on the fidelity of the model inputs and the representation and calibration of model processes and water sources. To evaluate the NWM...
Authors
Annie L. Putman, Patrick C. Longley, Morgan C. McDonnell, James E. Reddy, Michelle P. Katoski, Olivia L. Miller, J. Renee Brooks
By
Water Resources Mission Area, New York Water Science Center, Utah Water Science Center

Groundwater quality in the Mohawk and western New York River Basins, New York, 2016 Groundwater quality in the Mohawk and western New York River Basins, New York, 2016

Water samples were collected from July through December 2016 from 9 production wells and 13 domestic wells in the Mohawk River Basin, and from 17 production wells and 17 domestic wells in the western New York River Basins. The samples were collected and processed by using standard U.S. Geological Survey methods and were analyzed for 320 physicochemical properties and constituents...
Authors
Devin L. Gaige, Tia-Marie Scott, James E. Reddy, Meaghan R. Keefe
By
Water Resources Mission Area, New York Water Science Center

Machine-learning predictions of high arsenic and high manganese at drinking water depths of the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States Machine-learning predictions of high arsenic and high manganese at drinking water depths of the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States

Globally, over 200 million people are chronically exposed to arsenic (As) and/or manganese (Mn) from drinking water. We used machine-learning (ML) boosted regression tree (BRT) models to predict high As (>10 μg/L) and Mn (>300 μg/L) in groundwater from the glacial aquifer system (GLAC), which spans 25 states in the northern United States and provides drinking water to 30 million people...
Authors
Melinda L. Erickson, Sarah M. Elliott, Craig J. Brown, Paul E. Stackelberg, Katherine Marie Ransom, James E. Reddy, Charles A. Cravotta
By
Water Resources Mission Area, California Water Science Center, New England Water Science Center, New York Water Science Center, Pennsylvania Water Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center

Machine learning predicted redox conditions in the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States Machine learning predicted redox conditions in the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States

Groundwater supplies 50% of drinking water worldwide and 30% in the United States. Geogenic and anthropogenic contaminants can, however, compromise water quality, thus limiting groundwater availability. Reduction/oxidation (redox) processes and redox conditions affect groundwater quality by influencing the mobility and transport of common geogenic and anthropogenic contaminants. In the...
Authors
Melinda L. Erickson, Sarah M. Elliott, Craig J. Brown, Paul E. Stackelberg, Katherine Marie Ransom, James E. Reddy
By
Water Resources Mission Area, California Water Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, New York Water Science Center

Three-dimensional distribution of residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical models Three-dimensional distribution of residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical models

Residence time distribution (RTD) is a critically important characteristic of groundwater flow systems; however, it cannot be measured directly. RTD can be inferred from tracer data with analytical models (few parameters) or with numerical models (many parameters). The second approach permits more variation in system properties but is used less frequently than the first because large...
Authors
J. Jeffrey Starn, Leon J. Kauffman, Carl S. Carlson, James E. Reddy, Michael N. Fienen
By
Water Resources Mission Area, National Water Quality Program

Science and Products

map of New York state with colored areas for aquifers

Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features

Background: The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) and Health (NYS DOH) are concerned about groundwater contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers in New York, especially relating to the unintended introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liquid manure to these aquifers. These carbonate rocks form extensive aquifers that transmit, and can...
By
New York Water Science Center
Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features

Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features

Background: The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) and Health (NYS DOH) are concerned about groundwater contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers in New York, especially relating to the unintended introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liquid manure to these aquifers. These carbonate rocks form extensive aquifers that transmit, and can yield
Learn More
multicolored illustration of layers of geologic units in western NY

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifers in Livingston and Monroe Counties, Western New York

Background: A sequence of gently dipping carbonate bedrock - the Bertie Formation, Akron Dolostone, and Onondaga Limestone crop out along a 2- to5-mile wide band in western and central New York. These bedrock units trend east-west for 250 miles across the State and form extensive carbonate-bedrock aquifers which transmit and yield water from solution-enlarged fractures, bedding planes...
By
New York Water Science Center
Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifers in Livingston and Monroe Counties, Western New York

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifers in Livingston and Monroe Counties, Western New York

Background: A sequence of gently dipping carbonate bedrock - the Bertie Formation, Akron Dolostone, and Onondaga Limestone crop out along a 2- to5-mile wide band in western and central New York. These bedrock units trend east-west for 250 miles across the State and form extensive carbonate-bedrock aquifers which transmit and yield water from solution-enlarged fractures, bedding planes, and other
Learn More
map of New York counties with study area in black

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifer in Genesee County, Western New York

Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about ground-water contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers, especially relating to the inadvertent introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)...
By
New York Water Science Center
Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifer in Genesee County, Western New York

Hydrogeologic Recharge Settings of the Carbonate-Bedrock Aquifer in Genesee County, Western New York

Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about Problem - The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Health (NYSDOH) are concerned about ground-water contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers, especially relating to the inadvertent introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
Learn More
calm water with rocks and green leafed trees on banks

Hydrogeology and Surface/Groundwater Interactions in the Meads Creek Valley, Schuyler and Steuben Counties, New York

Problem - The interaction between ground water and surface water within the Meads Creek watershed is not well understood, and the need for understanding the interaction has increased in recent years because of widespread concerns related to water supply, ground- and surface-water contamination, loss of wetlands due to development; and other changes in the watershed. In addition, flooding...
By
New York Water Science Center
Hydrogeology and Surface/Groundwater Interactions in the Meads Creek Valley, Schuyler and Steuben Counties, New York

Hydrogeology and Surface/Groundwater Interactions in the Meads Creek Valley, Schuyler and Steuben Counties, New York

Problem - The interaction between ground water and surface water within the Meads Creek watershed is not well understood, and the need for understanding the interaction has increased in recent years because of widespread concerns related to water supply, ground- and surface-water contamination, loss of wetlands due to development; and other changes in the watershed. In addition, flooding in
Learn More

Database for the geologic map of the Frederick 30 x 60 quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia Database for the geologic map of the Frederick 30 x 60 quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia

The database for the geologic map of the Frederick 30 x 60 quadrangle covers the distinct geologic provinces and sections of the central Appalachian region that are defined by unique bedrock and resulting landforms. From west to east, the provinces include the Great Valley section of the Valley and Ridge province, the Blue Ridge province, and the Piedmont province; in the extreme...
By
Florence Bascom Geoscience Center

Crosswalk table between 12-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC12) and hydrologic region boundaries Crosswalk table between 12-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC12) and hydrologic region boundaries

This data release contains a crosswalk between subwatersheds (12-digit hydrologic unit codes; hereafter, HUC12s) and hydrologic regions (sometimes called "Van Metre regions"). This crosswalk allows for data at the HUC12 scale to be summarized regionally. Hydrologic regions are boundaries of hydrologically distinct areas modified from hydrologic subregions (4-digit Hydrologic units; HUC4s...
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Integrated Water Availability Assessments

Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope mass balance evaluation of the National Water Model (v2.1) streamflow, runoff and groundwater flows Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope mass balance evaluation of the National Water Model (v2.1) streamflow, runoff and groundwater flows

This data release contains the results of an isotopic mass balance approach to provide an estimate of the long-term average isotope ratios of NWM streamflow for the summer season (JJA) between 2000 and 2019 in the Western United States. The NWM-estimated long-term average isotope ratios are compared directly to 6426 stream stable isotope observations in 995 unique catchments. Quantified
By
Utah Water Science Center

Data for Machine Learning Predictions of Nitrate in Groundwater Used for Drinking Supply in the Conterminous United States Data for Machine Learning Predictions of Nitrate in Groundwater Used for Drinking Supply in the Conterminous United States

A three-dimensional extreme gradient boosting (XGB) machine learning model was developed to predict the distribution of nitrate in groundwater across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Nitrate was predicted at a 1-square-kilometer (km) resolution for two drinking water zones, each of variable depth, one for domestic supply and one for public supply. The model used measured nitrate
By
California Water Science Center

Groundwater data, predictor variables, and rasters used for predicting redox conditions in the glacial aquifer, northern continental United States Groundwater data, predictor variables, and rasters used for predicting redox conditions in the glacial aquifer, northern continental United States

This data release contains input data used in model development and TIF raster files used to predict the probability of low dissolved oxygen (DO) and high dissolved iron (Fe) in groundwater within the glacial aquifer system in the northern continental United States. Input data include measured DO and Fe concentrations at groundwater wells, and associated predictor variable data. The...
By
Water Resources Mission Area

Data for machine learning predictions of pH in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA Data for machine learning predictions of pH in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA

A boosted regression tree (BRT) model was developed to predict pH conditions in three-dimensions throughout the glacial aquifer system (GLAC) of the contiguous United States using pH measurements in samples from 18,258 wells and predictor variables that represent aspects of the hydrogeologic setting. Model results indicate that the carbonate content of soils and aquifer materials...
By
Water Resources Mission Area

Hydrogeologic and geospatial data for the assessment of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock Aquifer in Genesee County, New York Hydrogeologic and geospatial data for the assessment of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock Aquifer in Genesee County, New York

Existing hydrogeologic and geospatial data useful for the assessment of focused recharge to the carbonate-rock aquifer in the central part of Genesee County, NY, were compiled from numerous local, State, and Federal agency sources. Data sources utilized in this pilot study include available geospatial datasets from Federal and State agencies, interviews with local highway departments and...
By
Water Resources Mission Area, New York Water Science Center

Geologic Map of the Frederick 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia Geologic Map of the Frederick 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia

The Frederick 30? ? 60? quadrangle lies within the Potomac River watershed of the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin. The map area covers parts of Montgomery, Howard, Carroll, Frederick, and Washington Counties in Maryland; Loudoun, Clarke, and Fairfax Counties in Virginia; and Jefferson and Berkeley Counties in West Virginia. Many geologic features (such as faults and folds) are named for...
Filter Total Items: 33

Status of water-quality conditions in the United States, 2010–20 Status of water-quality conditions in the United States, 2010–20

Degradation of water quality can make water harmful or unusable for humans and ecosystems. Although many studies have assessed the effect of individual constituents or narrow suites of constituents on freshwater systems, no consistent, comprehensive assessment exists over the wide range of water-quality effects on water availability. Using published studies, data, and models completed at...
Authors
Melinda L. Erickson, Olivia L. Miller, Matthew J. Cashman, James R. Degnan, James E. Reddy, Anthony J. Martinez, Elmera Azadpour
By
New England Water Science Center, Integrated Water Availability Assessments

Isotopic evaluation of the National Water Model reveals missing agricultural irrigation contributions to streamflow across the western United States Isotopic evaluation of the National Water Model reveals missing agricultural irrigation contributions to streamflow across the western United States

The National Water Model (NWM) provides critical analyses and projections of streamflow that support water management decisions. However, the NWM performs poorly in lower-elevation rivers of the western United States (US). The accuracy of the NWM depends on the fidelity of the model inputs and the representation and calibration of model processes and water sources. To evaluate the NWM...
Authors
Annie L. Putman, Patrick C. Longley, Morgan C. McDonnell, James E. Reddy, Michelle P. Katoski, Olivia L. Miller, J. Renee Brooks
By
Water Resources Mission Area, New York Water Science Center, Utah Water Science Center

Groundwater quality in the Mohawk and western New York River Basins, New York, 2016 Groundwater quality in the Mohawk and western New York River Basins, New York, 2016

Water samples were collected from July through December 2016 from 9 production wells and 13 domestic wells in the Mohawk River Basin, and from 17 production wells and 17 domestic wells in the western New York River Basins. The samples were collected and processed by using standard U.S. Geological Survey methods and were analyzed for 320 physicochemical properties and constituents...
Authors
Devin L. Gaige, Tia-Marie Scott, James E. Reddy, Meaghan R. Keefe
By
Water Resources Mission Area, New York Water Science Center

Machine-learning predictions of high arsenic and high manganese at drinking water depths of the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States Machine-learning predictions of high arsenic and high manganese at drinking water depths of the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States

Globally, over 200 million people are chronically exposed to arsenic (As) and/or manganese (Mn) from drinking water. We used machine-learning (ML) boosted regression tree (BRT) models to predict high As (>10 μg/L) and Mn (>300 μg/L) in groundwater from the glacial aquifer system (GLAC), which spans 25 states in the northern United States and provides drinking water to 30 million people...
Authors
Melinda L. Erickson, Sarah M. Elliott, Craig J. Brown, Paul E. Stackelberg, Katherine Marie Ransom, James E. Reddy, Charles A. Cravotta
By
Water Resources Mission Area, California Water Science Center, New England Water Science Center, New York Water Science Center, Pennsylvania Water Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center

Machine learning predicted redox conditions in the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States Machine learning predicted redox conditions in the glacial aquifer system, northern continental United States

Groundwater supplies 50% of drinking water worldwide and 30% in the United States. Geogenic and anthropogenic contaminants can, however, compromise water quality, thus limiting groundwater availability. Reduction/oxidation (redox) processes and redox conditions affect groundwater quality by influencing the mobility and transport of common geogenic and anthropogenic contaminants. In the...
Authors
Melinda L. Erickson, Sarah M. Elliott, Craig J. Brown, Paul E. Stackelberg, Katherine Marie Ransom, James E. Reddy
By
Water Resources Mission Area, California Water Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, New York Water Science Center

Three-dimensional distribution of residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical models Three-dimensional distribution of residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical models

Residence time distribution (RTD) is a critically important characteristic of groundwater flow systems; however, it cannot be measured directly. RTD can be inferred from tracer data with analytical models (few parameters) or with numerical models (many parameters). The second approach permits more variation in system properties but is used less frequently than the first because large...
Authors
J. Jeffrey Starn, Leon J. Kauffman, Carl S. Carlson, James E. Reddy, Michael N. Fienen
By
Water Resources Mission Area, National Water Quality Program
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