Kenneth J. Bagstad, Ph.D. (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 15
A national dataset of rasterized building footprints for the U.S. A national dataset of rasterized building footprints for the U.S.
The Bing Maps team at Microsoft released a U.S.-wide vector building dataset in 2018, which includes over 125 million building footprints for all 50 states in GeoJSON format. This dataset is extracted from aerial images using deep learning object classification methods. Large-extent modelling (e.g., urban morphological analysis or ecosystem assessment models) or accuracy assessment with...
Data release for ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail Data release for ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail
Migratory species provide important benefits to society, but their cross-border conservation poses serious challenges. By quantifying the economic value of ecosystem services (ES) provided across a species range and ecological data on a species habitat dependence, we estimate spatial subsidieshow different regions support ES provided by a species across its range. We illustrate this...
Data Release for The sensitivity of ecosystem service models to choices of input data and spatial resolution Data Release for The sensitivity of ecosystem service models to choices of input data and spatial resolution
Although ecosystem service (ES) modeling has progressed rapidly in the last 10-15 years, comparative studies on data and model selection effects have become more common only recently. Such studies have drawn mixed conclusions about whether different data and model choices yield divergent results. In this study we apply inter- and intra-model comparisons to address these questions at...
Filter Total Items: 84
Opportunities for businesses to use and support development of SEEA-aligned natural capital accounts Opportunities for businesses to use and support development of SEEA-aligned natural capital accounts
Global understanding of the interconnections between the environment and economy has increased, driving the development of frameworks and standards that support the measurement and valuation of natural capital and ecosystem services by both governments and businesses. This paper outlines how businesses can use natural capital accounts (NCA) aligned to the System of Environmental Economic
Authors
Jane Carter Ingram, Kenneth Bagstad, Michael Vardon, Charles Rhodes, Stephen Posner, Clyde Casey, Pierre Glynn, Carl Shapiro
Water-use data in the United States: Challenges and future directions Water-use data in the United States: Challenges and future directions
In the United States, greater attention has been given to developing water supplies and quantifying available waters than determining who uses water, how much they withdraw and consume, and how and where water use occurs. As water supplies are stressed due to an increasingly variable climate, changing land-use, and growing water needs, greater consideration of the demand side of the...
Authors
Landon Marston, Abdel Abdallah, Kenneth Bagstad, Kerim Dickson, Pierre Glynn, Sara Larsen, Forrest Melton, Kyle Onda, Jaime Painter, James Prairie, Benjamin Ruddell, Richard Rushforth, Gabriel Senay, Kimberly Shaffer
Spatial social value distributions for multiple user groups in a coastal national park Spatial social value distributions for multiple user groups in a coastal national park
Managing public lands to maximize societal benefits requires spatially explicit understanding of societal valuation, and public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) are increasingly used in coastal settings to accomplish this task. Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES), a PPGIS tool that systematizes the mapping and modeling of social values and cultural ecosystem...
Authors
Zachary Ancona, Kenneth Bagstad, Lena Le, Darius J. Semmens, Benson Sherrouse, Grant Murray, Philip Cook, Eva DiDonato
Urban landcover differentially drives day and nighttime air temperature across a semi-arid city Urban landcover differentially drives day and nighttime air temperature across a semi-arid city
Semi-arid urban environments are undergoing an increase in both average air temperatures and in the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events. Within cities, different composition and densities of urban landcovers (ULC) influence local air temperatures, either mitigating or increasing heat. Currently, understanding how combinations of ULC influence air temperature at the block to...
Authors
Peter Ibsen, G. Jenerette, Tyler Dell, Kenneth Bagstad, James E. Diffendorfer
Assessing the accuracy and potential for improvement of the national land cover database’s tree canopy cover dataset in urban areas of the conterminous United States Assessing the accuracy and potential for improvement of the national land cover database’s tree canopy cover dataset in urban areas of the conterminous United States
The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) provides time-series data characterizing the land surface for the United States, including land cover and tree canopy cover (NLCD-TC). NLCD-TC was first published for 2001, followed by versions for 2011 (released in 2016) and 2011 and 2016 (released in 2019). As the only nationwide tree canopy layer, there is value in assessing NLCD-TC accuracy...
Authors
Mehdi Heris, Kenneth Bagstad, Austin Troy, Jarlath O’Neil-Dunne
The global environmental agenda urgently needs a semantic web of knowledge The global environmental agenda urgently needs a semantic web of knowledge
Progress in key social-ecological challenges of the global environmental agenda (e.g., climate change, biodiversity conservation, Sustainable Development Goals) is hampered by a lack of integration and synthesis of existing scientific evidence. Facing a fast-increasing volume of data, information remains compartmentalized to pre-defined scales and fields, rarely building its way up to...
Authors
Stefano Balbi, Kenneth Bagstad, Ainhoa Magrach, Maria Sanz, Naikoa Aguilar-Amuchastegui, Carlo Guipponi, Ferdinando Villa
Estimating the pelagic ocean’s benefits to humanity can enhance ocean governance Estimating the pelagic ocean’s benefits to humanity can enhance ocean governance
The human footprint on the global ocean is ever-increasing, particularly with new ways to grow food in the ocean, new technologies in marine energy production as a way to resolve climate change, and transport and commerce expanding across the ocean. Yet, human activities in the ocean have long been managed using a sectoral approach (e.g., fisheries, biodiversity protection, energy...
Authors
Lida Teneva, Aaron Strong, Vera Agostini, Kenneth Bagstad, Evangelina Drakou, Zachary Ancona, Kristina Gjerde, Andrew Hume, Nicholas Jickling
Lessons learned from development of natural capital accounts in the United States and European Union Lessons learned from development of natural capital accounts in the United States and European Union
The United States and European Union (EU) face common challenges in managing natural capital and balancing conservation and resource use with consumption of other forms of capital. This paper synthesizes findings from 11 individual application papers from a special issue of Ecosystem Services on natural capital accounting (NCA) and their application to the public and private sectors in...
Authors
Kenneth Bagstad, Jane Carter Ingram, Carl Shapiro, Alessandra La Notte, Joachim Maes, Sara Vallecillo, Clyde Casey, Pierre Glynn, Mehdi Heris, Justin A. Johnson, Chris Lauer, John Matuszak, Kirsten Oleson, Stephen Posner, Charles Rhodes, Brian Voigt
Editorial special issue natural capital accounting: The content, the context, and the framework Editorial special issue natural capital accounting: The content, the context, and the framework
No abstract available.
Authors
Alessandra La Notte, Sara Vallecillo, Joachim Maes, Carl Shapiro, Kenneth Bagstad, Jane Carter Ingram, Pierre Glynn
Book review: "Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community" by Rutger Hoekstra Book review: "Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community" by Rutger Hoekstra
No abstract available.
Authors
Mairi-Jane Fox, Kenneth Bagstad
Book review: Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community, Rutger Hoekstra, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2019) Book review: Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community, Rutger Hoekstra, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2019)
Critiques of gross domestic product (GDP) as the economy's primary measuring stick have emanated from the feminist and ecological economics communities for decades (Kubiszewski et al., 2013) and have grown to include mainstream economists (Stiglitz, Sen, and Fitousi, 2009) and national accountants (Coyle, 2015). To the casual observer, such critiques seem to be growing almost as quickly...
Authors
Kenneth Bagstad, Mairi-Jane Fox
Piloting urban ecosystem accounting for the United States Piloting urban ecosystem accounting for the United States
In this study, we develop urban ecosystem accounts in the U.S., using the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) framework. Most ecosystem accounts focus on regional and national scales, which are appropriate for many ecosystem services. However, ecosystems provide substantial services in cities, improving quality of life and contributing...
Authors
Mehdi Heris, Kenneth Bagstad, Charles Rhodes, Austin Troy, Ariane Middel, Kristina Hopkins, John Matuszak
Non-USGS Publications**
Bagstad, K.J. and R. Shammin. 2012. Can the Genuine Progress Indicator better inform sustainable regional progress? - A case study for Northeast Ohio. Ecological Indicators 18:330-341.
Johnson, G.W., K.J. Bagstad, R. Snapp, and F. Villa. 2012. Service Path Attribution Networks (SPANs): A network flow approach to ecosystem service assessment. International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 3(2):54-71.
Johnson, G.W., R.R. Snapp, F. Villa, and K.J. Bagstad. 2012. Modelling ecosystem service flows under uncertainty with stochastic SPAN. Pp. 1021-1028 in: R. Seppelt, A.A. Voinov, S. Lange, and D. Bankamp, eds., Proceedings of the 2012 International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software. ISBN: 978-88-9035-742-8.
Villa, F., K.J. Bagstad, G. Johnson, and B. Voigt. 2011. Scientific instruments for climate change adaptation: Estimating and optimizing the efficiency of ecosystem services provision. Economia Agraria y Recursos Naturales 11(1):83-98.
Batker, D., de la Torre, I., Costanza, R., Swedeen, P., Day, J., Boumans, R., and Bagstad, K.J. 2010. Gaining ground: Wetlands, hurricanes, and the economy: The value of restoring the Mississippi River Delta. Environmental Law Reporter 40 ELR 11106-11110.
Daniels, A.E., Bagstad, K.J., Esposito, V., Moulaert, A., and Manuel Rodriguez, C. 2010. Understanding the impacts of Costa Rica’s PES: Are we asking the right questions?: Ecological Economics 69(11):2116-2126.
Stromberg, J.C., K.J. Bagstad, and E. Makings. 2009. Floristic Diversity. In: Ecology and conservation of the San Pedro River. J.C. Stromberg and B. Tellman, eds. University of Arizona Press: Tucson.
Bagstad, K.J. and M. Ceroni. 2008. The Genuine Progress Indicator: A new measure of economic development for the Northern Forest. Adirondack Journal of Environmental Studies 15(1):21-29.
Bagstad, K.J. and M. Ceroni. 2007. Opportunities and challenges in applying the GPI/ISEW at local scales. International Journal of Environment, Workplace, and Employment 3(2):132-153.
Bagstad, K.J., K. Stapleton, and J.R. D’Agostino. 2007. Taxes, subsidies, and insurance as drivers of United States coastal development. Ecological Economics 63:285-298.
Bagstad, K.J. 2006. Valuing ecosystem services in the Chicago region. Chicago Wilderness Journal 4(2):18-26.
Bagstad, K.J., S.J. Lite, and J.C. Stromberg. 2006. Vegetation and hydro-geomorphology of riparian patch types of a dryland river. Western North American Naturalist 66:23-44.
Bagstad, K.J., J.C. Stromberg, and S.J. Lite. 2005. Response of herbaceous riparian plant functional groups to flooding of the San Pedro River, Arizona. Wetlands 25(1):210-223.
Lite, S.J., K.J. Bagstad, and J.C. Stromberg. 2005. Riparian plant richness and abundance across gradients of water stress and flood disturbance, San Pedro River, Arizona, USA. Journal of Arid Environments 63(4):785-813.
Stromberg, J.C., K.J. Bagstad, E. Makings, S.J. Lite, and J. Leenhouts. 2005. Effect of decline in stream flow duration on channel vegetation of a semi-arid region river (San Pedro River, Arizona). River Research & Application 21(8):925-938.
Roberts, B.R., H.F. Decker, K.J. Bagstad, and K.A. Peterson. 2001. Bio-solid residues as soilless media for growing wildflower sod. HortTechnology 11(2):194-199.
Bagstad, K.J. and D.M. Johnson. 1999. Taxonomy of Xylopia barbata (Annonaceae) and related species from the Amazon/Orinoco region. Contributions of the University of Michigan Herbarium 22:21-29.
Bagstad, K.J., F. Villa, D. Batker, J. Harrison-Cox, B. Voigt, and G. Johnson. 2014. From theoretical to actual ecosystem services: Accounting for beneficiaries and spatial flows in ecosystem service assessments. Ecology and Society 19(2):64.
Batker, D., I. de la Torre, R. Costanza, J.W. Day, P. Swedeen, R. Boumans, and K.J. Bagstad. 2014. The threats to the value of ecosystem goods and services of the Mississippi Delta. Pp. 155-173 in: Perspectives on the restoration of the Mississippi Delta: The once and future delta. J. Day, G.P. Kemp, A. Freeman, and D.P. Muth, eds. Springer: New York.
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 15
A national dataset of rasterized building footprints for the U.S. A national dataset of rasterized building footprints for the U.S.
The Bing Maps team at Microsoft released a U.S.-wide vector building dataset in 2018, which includes over 125 million building footprints for all 50 states in GeoJSON format. This dataset is extracted from aerial images using deep learning object classification methods. Large-extent modelling (e.g., urban morphological analysis or ecosystem assessment models) or accuracy assessment with...
Data release for ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail Data release for ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail
Migratory species provide important benefits to society, but their cross-border conservation poses serious challenges. By quantifying the economic value of ecosystem services (ES) provided across a species range and ecological data on a species habitat dependence, we estimate spatial subsidieshow different regions support ES provided by a species across its range. We illustrate this...
Data Release for The sensitivity of ecosystem service models to choices of input data and spatial resolution Data Release for The sensitivity of ecosystem service models to choices of input data and spatial resolution
Although ecosystem service (ES) modeling has progressed rapidly in the last 10-15 years, comparative studies on data and model selection effects have become more common only recently. Such studies have drawn mixed conclusions about whether different data and model choices yield divergent results. In this study we apply inter- and intra-model comparisons to address these questions at...
Filter Total Items: 84
Opportunities for businesses to use and support development of SEEA-aligned natural capital accounts Opportunities for businesses to use and support development of SEEA-aligned natural capital accounts
Global understanding of the interconnections between the environment and economy has increased, driving the development of frameworks and standards that support the measurement and valuation of natural capital and ecosystem services by both governments and businesses. This paper outlines how businesses can use natural capital accounts (NCA) aligned to the System of Environmental Economic
Authors
Jane Carter Ingram, Kenneth Bagstad, Michael Vardon, Charles Rhodes, Stephen Posner, Clyde Casey, Pierre Glynn, Carl Shapiro
Water-use data in the United States: Challenges and future directions Water-use data in the United States: Challenges and future directions
In the United States, greater attention has been given to developing water supplies and quantifying available waters than determining who uses water, how much they withdraw and consume, and how and where water use occurs. As water supplies are stressed due to an increasingly variable climate, changing land-use, and growing water needs, greater consideration of the demand side of the...
Authors
Landon Marston, Abdel Abdallah, Kenneth Bagstad, Kerim Dickson, Pierre Glynn, Sara Larsen, Forrest Melton, Kyle Onda, Jaime Painter, James Prairie, Benjamin Ruddell, Richard Rushforth, Gabriel Senay, Kimberly Shaffer
Spatial social value distributions for multiple user groups in a coastal national park Spatial social value distributions for multiple user groups in a coastal national park
Managing public lands to maximize societal benefits requires spatially explicit understanding of societal valuation, and public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) are increasingly used in coastal settings to accomplish this task. Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES), a PPGIS tool that systematizes the mapping and modeling of social values and cultural ecosystem...
Authors
Zachary Ancona, Kenneth Bagstad, Lena Le, Darius J. Semmens, Benson Sherrouse, Grant Murray, Philip Cook, Eva DiDonato
Urban landcover differentially drives day and nighttime air temperature across a semi-arid city Urban landcover differentially drives day and nighttime air temperature across a semi-arid city
Semi-arid urban environments are undergoing an increase in both average air temperatures and in the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events. Within cities, different composition and densities of urban landcovers (ULC) influence local air temperatures, either mitigating or increasing heat. Currently, understanding how combinations of ULC influence air temperature at the block to...
Authors
Peter Ibsen, G. Jenerette, Tyler Dell, Kenneth Bagstad, James E. Diffendorfer
Assessing the accuracy and potential for improvement of the national land cover database’s tree canopy cover dataset in urban areas of the conterminous United States Assessing the accuracy and potential for improvement of the national land cover database’s tree canopy cover dataset in urban areas of the conterminous United States
The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) provides time-series data characterizing the land surface for the United States, including land cover and tree canopy cover (NLCD-TC). NLCD-TC was first published for 2001, followed by versions for 2011 (released in 2016) and 2011 and 2016 (released in 2019). As the only nationwide tree canopy layer, there is value in assessing NLCD-TC accuracy...
Authors
Mehdi Heris, Kenneth Bagstad, Austin Troy, Jarlath O’Neil-Dunne
The global environmental agenda urgently needs a semantic web of knowledge The global environmental agenda urgently needs a semantic web of knowledge
Progress in key social-ecological challenges of the global environmental agenda (e.g., climate change, biodiversity conservation, Sustainable Development Goals) is hampered by a lack of integration and synthesis of existing scientific evidence. Facing a fast-increasing volume of data, information remains compartmentalized to pre-defined scales and fields, rarely building its way up to...
Authors
Stefano Balbi, Kenneth Bagstad, Ainhoa Magrach, Maria Sanz, Naikoa Aguilar-Amuchastegui, Carlo Guipponi, Ferdinando Villa
Estimating the pelagic ocean’s benefits to humanity can enhance ocean governance Estimating the pelagic ocean’s benefits to humanity can enhance ocean governance
The human footprint on the global ocean is ever-increasing, particularly with new ways to grow food in the ocean, new technologies in marine energy production as a way to resolve climate change, and transport and commerce expanding across the ocean. Yet, human activities in the ocean have long been managed using a sectoral approach (e.g., fisheries, biodiversity protection, energy...
Authors
Lida Teneva, Aaron Strong, Vera Agostini, Kenneth Bagstad, Evangelina Drakou, Zachary Ancona, Kristina Gjerde, Andrew Hume, Nicholas Jickling
Lessons learned from development of natural capital accounts in the United States and European Union Lessons learned from development of natural capital accounts in the United States and European Union
The United States and European Union (EU) face common challenges in managing natural capital and balancing conservation and resource use with consumption of other forms of capital. This paper synthesizes findings from 11 individual application papers from a special issue of Ecosystem Services on natural capital accounting (NCA) and their application to the public and private sectors in...
Authors
Kenneth Bagstad, Jane Carter Ingram, Carl Shapiro, Alessandra La Notte, Joachim Maes, Sara Vallecillo, Clyde Casey, Pierre Glynn, Mehdi Heris, Justin A. Johnson, Chris Lauer, John Matuszak, Kirsten Oleson, Stephen Posner, Charles Rhodes, Brian Voigt
Editorial special issue natural capital accounting: The content, the context, and the framework Editorial special issue natural capital accounting: The content, the context, and the framework
No abstract available.
Authors
Alessandra La Notte, Sara Vallecillo, Joachim Maes, Carl Shapiro, Kenneth Bagstad, Jane Carter Ingram, Pierre Glynn
Book review: "Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community" by Rutger Hoekstra Book review: "Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community" by Rutger Hoekstra
No abstract available.
Authors
Mairi-Jane Fox, Kenneth Bagstad
Book review: Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community, Rutger Hoekstra, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2019) Book review: Replacing GDP by 2030: Towards a common language for the well-being and sustainability community, Rutger Hoekstra, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2019)
Critiques of gross domestic product (GDP) as the economy's primary measuring stick have emanated from the feminist and ecological economics communities for decades (Kubiszewski et al., 2013) and have grown to include mainstream economists (Stiglitz, Sen, and Fitousi, 2009) and national accountants (Coyle, 2015). To the casual observer, such critiques seem to be growing almost as quickly...
Authors
Kenneth Bagstad, Mairi-Jane Fox
Piloting urban ecosystem accounting for the United States Piloting urban ecosystem accounting for the United States
In this study, we develop urban ecosystem accounts in the U.S., using the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) framework. Most ecosystem accounts focus on regional and national scales, which are appropriate for many ecosystem services. However, ecosystems provide substantial services in cities, improving quality of life and contributing...
Authors
Mehdi Heris, Kenneth Bagstad, Charles Rhodes, Austin Troy, Ariane Middel, Kristina Hopkins, John Matuszak
Non-USGS Publications**
Bagstad, K.J. and R. Shammin. 2012. Can the Genuine Progress Indicator better inform sustainable regional progress? - A case study for Northeast Ohio. Ecological Indicators 18:330-341.
Johnson, G.W., K.J. Bagstad, R. Snapp, and F. Villa. 2012. Service Path Attribution Networks (SPANs): A network flow approach to ecosystem service assessment. International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 3(2):54-71.
Johnson, G.W., R.R. Snapp, F. Villa, and K.J. Bagstad. 2012. Modelling ecosystem service flows under uncertainty with stochastic SPAN. Pp. 1021-1028 in: R. Seppelt, A.A. Voinov, S. Lange, and D. Bankamp, eds., Proceedings of the 2012 International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software. ISBN: 978-88-9035-742-8.
Villa, F., K.J. Bagstad, G. Johnson, and B. Voigt. 2011. Scientific instruments for climate change adaptation: Estimating and optimizing the efficiency of ecosystem services provision. Economia Agraria y Recursos Naturales 11(1):83-98.
Batker, D., de la Torre, I., Costanza, R., Swedeen, P., Day, J., Boumans, R., and Bagstad, K.J. 2010. Gaining ground: Wetlands, hurricanes, and the economy: The value of restoring the Mississippi River Delta. Environmental Law Reporter 40 ELR 11106-11110.
Daniels, A.E., Bagstad, K.J., Esposito, V., Moulaert, A., and Manuel Rodriguez, C. 2010. Understanding the impacts of Costa Rica’s PES: Are we asking the right questions?: Ecological Economics 69(11):2116-2126.
Stromberg, J.C., K.J. Bagstad, and E. Makings. 2009. Floristic Diversity. In: Ecology and conservation of the San Pedro River. J.C. Stromberg and B. Tellman, eds. University of Arizona Press: Tucson.
Bagstad, K.J. and M. Ceroni. 2008. The Genuine Progress Indicator: A new measure of economic development for the Northern Forest. Adirondack Journal of Environmental Studies 15(1):21-29.
Bagstad, K.J. and M. Ceroni. 2007. Opportunities and challenges in applying the GPI/ISEW at local scales. International Journal of Environment, Workplace, and Employment 3(2):132-153.
Bagstad, K.J., K. Stapleton, and J.R. D’Agostino. 2007. Taxes, subsidies, and insurance as drivers of United States coastal development. Ecological Economics 63:285-298.
Bagstad, K.J. 2006. Valuing ecosystem services in the Chicago region. Chicago Wilderness Journal 4(2):18-26.
Bagstad, K.J., S.J. Lite, and J.C. Stromberg. 2006. Vegetation and hydro-geomorphology of riparian patch types of a dryland river. Western North American Naturalist 66:23-44.
Bagstad, K.J., J.C. Stromberg, and S.J. Lite. 2005. Response of herbaceous riparian plant functional groups to flooding of the San Pedro River, Arizona. Wetlands 25(1):210-223.
Lite, S.J., K.J. Bagstad, and J.C. Stromberg. 2005. Riparian plant richness and abundance across gradients of water stress and flood disturbance, San Pedro River, Arizona, USA. Journal of Arid Environments 63(4):785-813.
Stromberg, J.C., K.J. Bagstad, E. Makings, S.J. Lite, and J. Leenhouts. 2005. Effect of decline in stream flow duration on channel vegetation of a semi-arid region river (San Pedro River, Arizona). River Research & Application 21(8):925-938.
Roberts, B.R., H.F. Decker, K.J. Bagstad, and K.A. Peterson. 2001. Bio-solid residues as soilless media for growing wildflower sod. HortTechnology 11(2):194-199.
Bagstad, K.J. and D.M. Johnson. 1999. Taxonomy of Xylopia barbata (Annonaceae) and related species from the Amazon/Orinoco region. Contributions of the University of Michigan Herbarium 22:21-29.
Bagstad, K.J., F. Villa, D. Batker, J. Harrison-Cox, B. Voigt, and G. Johnson. 2014. From theoretical to actual ecosystem services: Accounting for beneficiaries and spatial flows in ecosystem service assessments. Ecology and Society 19(2):64.
Batker, D., I. de la Torre, R. Costanza, J.W. Day, P. Swedeen, R. Boumans, and K.J. Bagstad. 2014. The threats to the value of ecosystem goods and services of the Mississippi Delta. Pp. 155-173 in: Perspectives on the restoration of the Mississippi Delta: The once and future delta. J. Day, G.P. Kemp, A. Freeman, and D.P. Muth, eds. Springer: New York.
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.