Publications

Cedar Lake, a kettle lake with no surface inlet or outlet, was studied to evaluate the feasibility of maintaining water levels of lakes in the glaciated kettle moraine area of eastern Wisconsin by pumping ground water into them. The general hydrogeology of the area around the lake was defined and the hydrology of the lake was studied in detail. There are two aquifer systems in the Cedar Lake area,

The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a study of the Cambrian and Ordovician aquifer system of the northern Midwest as part of a national series of Regional Aquifer-Systems Analysis (RASA). An integral part of this study will be a simulation of the ground-water flow regime using the Geological Survey's three-dimensional finite-difference model. The first step in the modeling effort is the desig

Four modified nonradioactive-tracer methods and 20 predictive equations for determination of stream-reaeration coefficients in three small Wisconsin streams were compared with the radioactive-tracer method developed by Tsivoglou. Of the four modified-tracer techniques, the propane-area technique, which measures the total weight of propane gas passing stream-sampling stations, yielded the least mea

Water-quality characteristics of 17 lakes and ponds in the city of Eagan were described from data collected from 1972 through 1978. The data showed that differences in water quality between lakes were related to differences in the percentage of urbanization. However, water-quality variations within each lake were affected more by climatic variations than by land-use changes during that period. Dis

The development of ground water for irrigation in northwestern Big Stone County has not kept up with development in other irrigable areas of the State. This is due, in part, to the absence of extensive surficial aquifers and the difficulty in locating buried aquifers. Test augering south of Beardsley outlined a small surficial aquifer that consists of outwash deposits of sand and gravel. The aquif

Data were collected on the hydrology of the Copper-Nickel study region to identify the location and nature of groundwater resources, determine the flow characteristics and general quality of the major streams, and determine the potential effects of mining copper and nickel on the hydrologic stream. Groundwater generally occurs in local flow systems within surficial deposits and in fractures in the

The hydrology and geology of Williams Lake watershed was studied to evaluate the accuracy of various methods used to determine precipitation and evaporation in lake water-balance studies and to define a lake and ground-water system according to approaches suggested by theoretical modeling studies. Regression analysis between estimated and measured precipitation at the lake showed that the accuracy

Low-flow characteristics of streams in the St. Croix River basin , Wisconsin, are presented. Included are estimates of low-flow frequency and flow duration at 7 gaging stations, low-flow frequency characteristics at 23 low-flow partial-record stations and 78 miscellaneous sites, and a list of base-flow discharge measurements at 29 miscellaneous sites. Equations are provided to estimate low-flow ch

Low-flow characteristics of streams in the Menominee-Oconto-Peshtigo River basin, Wisconsin, are presented. Included are estimates of low-flow frequency at 12 gaging stations, flow duration at 10 gaging stations, and low-flow frequency characteristics at 23 low-flow partial-record stations and 137 miscellaneous sites. Equations are provided to estimate low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites and

Low-flow characteristics of streams in the upper Wisconsin River basin are presented. Included are estimates of low-flow frequency at 10 gaging stations, flow duration at 8 gaging stations, and low-flow frequency characteristics at 13 low-flow partial-record stations and 81 miscellaneous sites. Equations are provided to estimate low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites and at sites where one base

Eagle Lake occupies 890 acres of a 9,000-acre watershed in central Minnesota. Because of its proximity to Willmar, many homes and summer cabins have been built around the lake. Presently (1978), the shore is more than 90 percent developed. One effect of this development is accelerated eutrophication, most commonly shown by algae blooms. An annual hydrologic budget for Eagle Lake was prepared for t

Muskegon County, Michigan, disposes of wastewater by spray irrigating farmland on its waste-disposal site. Buried drains in the highly permeable unconfined aquifer at the site control the level of the water table. Hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer and drain-leakance, the reciprocal of resistance to flow into the drains, was determined at a representative irrigation circle while calibrating a m