Publications

Hydrologic phenomena are dynamic, so their understanding and prediction are difficult and challenging. Many are cyclic, ranging from diurnal, seasonal, and annual cycles to climatic fluctuations of many hundreds or thousands of years. Predicting the magnitude and recurrence intervals of long-term fluctuations of these phenomena is a primary concern of hydrologists. The best data upon...

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Flowing wells yielding fresh water occur in both the glacial drift and the bedrock in Michigan. Most known flowing wells are in the Lower Peninsula because the greater population in that part of the State has led to more frequent drilling. A comparison of flowing-well areas in 1900 with those in 1970 shows a probable decline in head in the glacial drift and the Marshall and Saginaw...

Intensified land development on the Anoka sand plain necessitates a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the surficial outwash deposits of the area. The Anoka sand-plain aquifer consists of outwash attributable to two different ice lobes. Predominant grain size of the upper outwash decreases and sorting coefficient increases from west to east. Till or lake deposits underlie most...

The Pineland Sands area consists of 770 square miles of surficial glacial outwash, which is undergoing increasing ground-water development for irrigation. The aquifer material is commonly very fine sand to fine gravel, and grain size generally increases from south to north. Thickness, transmissivity, and theoretical well yields are highest in the northern part. In places, saturated...

The purpose of this report is to make available the records of water levels in principal aquifers of the State through 1976 and to compile related data, such as records of ground-water pumpage. Also included in the report are data on municipal, public, and industrial water-supply facilities. Records of water levels in areas of heavy pumpage and in areas where changes are principally due...

Low-flow frequency data for 161 continuous-record gaging stations having eight or more complete years of record are presented for 1-, 7-, 14-, 30-, 60-, 90-, 120-, 183-, and 365-day low flows for frequencies ranging from once in 2 years to once in 100 years. In addition, 8,146 low-flow measurements at 1,515 sites are given. Included are measurements at 623 partial-record stations where

Estimating relations have been developed to provide engineers and designers with improved techniques for defining flow-frequency characteristics to satisfy hydraulic planning and design requirements. The magnitude and frequency of floods up to the 100-year recurrence interval can be determined for most streams in Minnesota by methods presented. By multiple regression analysis, equations...

Water resources data for the 1975 water year for Michigan consist of records stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water qualit of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells and springs. This report contains discharge records for 207 gaging stations; stage only record for 1 gaging station; stage and contents for 5 lakes and reservoirs...

Spring ponds (small spring-fed bodies of water) are natural features of some glaciated areas and have a continuous flow of ground water entering through their bottoms and exiting through surface outlets. Dredging has been used to restore ponds that have been filled in part or totally by sediment. The purpose of the study was to determine the hydrology of selected spring ponds and the...

Water resources data for the 1976 water year for Michigan consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This report contains discharge records for 194 gaging stations; stage and contents for 5 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 75 continuous record stations, 28 partial...

An investigation of flood flows from small drainage basins in Minnesota was initiated to aid in the design of bridges, culverts and other highway drainage structures. The program provides peak flow data on streams having drainage areas generally less than 50 square miles, placing particular emphasis on those less than 10 square miles. Basin parameters being investigated are drainage area...