Publications

Water levels, locations, depths, and aquifers tapped are given for 107 observation wells. Tabulated data include a listing of ground-water reports in Michigan, extremes of water levels for calendar year 1990 and for the period of record, pumpage of most major ground-water users in the State, and a map showing previous collected water-quality data from selected wells. In 1990, the two...

Rates of water movement through the unsaturated zone greatly affect the amount and concentrations of agricultural chemicals that may reach the water table. For example, recharge can flush chemicals to the water table which have accumulated in the unsaturated zone during dry periods. A better understanding of how topography influences recharge and the movement of agricultural chemicals is...

Mercury, which is transported globally by atmospheric pathways to remote aquatic environments, is a ubiquitous contaminant at very low (nanograms Hg per liter) aqueous concentrations. Until recently, however, analytical and sampling techniques were not available for freshwater systems to quantify the actual levels of mercury concentrations without introducing significant contamination...

Hydraulic and sediment data were collected at three sites on the Chippewa River (near Caryville, at Durand, and near Pepin); at one site near Galesville on the Black River; and at one site at Muscoda on the Wisconsin River during water years 1976-83. This report summarizes an interpretation of those data by providing (1) a description of the relation of suspended sediment, bedload, and...

A six-State area in the northern Midwest of the United States has become increasingly dependent on ground water from the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, which consists of a sequence of sandstones, carbonate rocks, and shales. Ground-water withdrawals from the aquifer system began in the late 1800's and increased to approximately 684 million gallons per day (1,058 cubic feet per...

Statistical models for estimating daily streamflow were analyzed for 25 pairs of streamflow-gaging stations in Michigan. Stations were paired by randomly choosing a station operated in 1989 at which 10 or more years of continuous flow data had been collected and at which flow is virtually unregulated; a nearby station was chosen where flow characteristics are similar. Streamflow data...

More than three thousand kettle lakes, widely dispersed within a mixed temperate forest ecosystem, are predominant features of the Northern Highland area of north-central Wisconsin. A hydrological and biogeochemical investigation of seven of these lakes and their watershed area is currently in progress as part of the Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program of the U.S...

The Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system contains very productive aquifers throughout an area of about 161,000 square miles in the northern Midwest. The aquifer system is used extensively for industrial and rural water supplies and is the primary source of water for many municipalities in most of its area of occurrence, except in Indiana, central and southern Illinois, and western Iowa...

The Management Systems Evaluation Area (MSEA) program is part of a multi-scale, inter-agency initiative to evaluate the effects of agricultural management systems on water quality. The program resulted from the integration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Research Plan for Water Quality and the U.S Geological Survey (USGS) Mid-Continent Herbicide Initiative and is part of the...

Water resources data for the 1991 water year for Michigan consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water temperature of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 146 streamflow-gaging stations; stage only records for 1 river-gaging station and 13 lake-gaging stations; stage and...

This report is a compilation of data on surface- and ground-water quality, lake sediment, and lake-level fluctuation collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) during 1981- 87 on or near the St. Croix Indian Reservation. The purpose of this report is to provide baseline data on selected aspects of the water resources of the St. Croix Indian Reservation as a referenceby which future...

Seventeen methods for estimating ice-affected streamflow are evaluated for potential use with the U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station network. The methods evaluated were identified by written responses from U.S. Geological Survey field offices and by a comprehensive literature search. The methods selected and techniques used for applying the methods are described in this...