Publications

The origin of fine carbonate muds in deep parts of the Black Sea has been explained in various ways, but details of how the carbonate was formed are poorly understood. We have studied samples containing fine carbonate from cores obtained during the cruise of Atlantis II (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute) to the Black Sea in April and May 1969. Examination of the light-coloured bands...

Eleven samples of fluids which had been squeezed on board ship, and four, packaged sediment samples were received in our laboratories. As in Leg 2, the volumes of fluid available were scanty and did not permit multiple determinations of constituents in many of the samples; in Hole 21 the fluid available sufficed only for refractometer readings (a few tenths of a milliliter). Therefore...

Leg 5 samples fall into two categories with respect to interstitial water composition: 1) rapidly deposited terrigenous or appreciably terrigenous deposits, such as in Hole 35 (western Escanaba trough, off Cape Mendocino, California); and, 2) slowly deposited pelagic clays and biogenic muds and oozes. Interstitial waters in the former show modest to slight variations in chloride and...

No abstract available.

The most dramatic variations in pore water composition occurred in Holes 2 and 3 in the Gulf of Mexico. Both holes showed a strong increase in salinity with depth, evidently owing to diffusion from underlying salt bodies. However, on Challenger Knoll (Hole 2) a sharp drop in salinity was observed in the cap rock of the salt dome in which chloride fell to only 4.8 percent. The drop is...

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Virtually all iron objects recovered from a 7th century Byzantine shipwreck off the coast of Turkey were encrusted with a carbonate-rich layer. Mineralogical and chemical examination reveals limonite, siderite, and aragonite as dominant authigenic phases. The encrustations can be explained by oxidation (corrosion) of the metal in sea water. Analogous processes are suggested for many...

Disposable plastic syringes, fitted with screen discs and circles of filter paper, can be used to extract small amounts of pore water from unconsolidated sediments. A wooden screw frame or large C clamp supplies pressure for field use. Supplementary techniques enable small volumes of fluid to be recovered and handled easily. The Goldberg compensating refractometer provides a useful...

In late June and July, 1967, the Deep Submergence Research Vehicle (DSRV) ALVIN, aboard its mother snip, LULU, proceeded from the spring base of operations, Nassau, to its home port of Woods Hole. During this trip, from July 2 to July 14, a series of five dives were made by ALVIN on the Blake Plateau off Georgia and South Carolina, and on the continental slope north of Cape Hatteras.

Published data on the elemental composition of the Ectoprocta (Bryozoa) are supplemented by new chemical analyses of 28 ectoproct samples, distributed among 13 species, for organic matter, CO2 calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium, phosphorus and iron. The new data, in addition to the 25 fairly complete analyses previously published (distributed among 19 other species) suggest the...

No abstract available.