Publications
Filter Total Items: 7511
Toward a comprehensive areal model of earthquake-induced landslides Toward a comprehensive areal model of earthquake-induced landslides
This paper provides a review of regional-scale modeling of earthquake-induced landslide hazard with respect to the needs for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. Based on this review, it sets out important research themes and suggests computing with words (CW), a methodology that includes fuzzy logic systems, as a fruitful modeling methodology for addressing many of these...
Authors
S.B. Miles, D. K. Keefer
Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007 Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007
A revised version of the storm-time disturbance index Dst is calculated using hourly-mean magnetic-observatory data from four standard observatories and collected over the years 1958-2007. The calculation algorithm is a revision of that established by Sugiura et al., and which is now used by the Kyoto World Data Center for routine production of Dst. The most important new development is...
Authors
J.J. Love, J.L. Gannon
Possible deep fault slip preceding the 2004 Parkfield earthquake, inferred from detailed observations of tectonic tremor Possible deep fault slip preceding the 2004 Parkfield earthquake, inferred from detailed observations of tectonic tremor
Earthquake predictability depends, in part, on the degree to which sudden slip is preceded by slow aseismic slip. Recently, observations of deep tremor have enabled inferences of deep slow slip even when detection by other means is not possible, but these data are limited to certain areas and mostly the last decade. The region near Parkfield, California, provides a unique convergence of...
Authors
David R. Shelly
A Viscoelastic earthquake simulator with application to the San Francisco Bay region A Viscoelastic earthquake simulator with application to the San Francisco Bay region
Earthquake simulation on synthetic fault networks carries great potential for characterizing the statistical patterns of earthquake occurrence. I present an earthquake simulator based on elastic dislocation theory. It accounts for the effects of interseismic tectonic loading, static stress steps at the time of earthquakes, and postearthquake stress readjustment through viscoelastic...
Authors
Fred F. Pollitz
A frozen record of density-driven crustal overturn in lava lakes: The example of Kilauea Iki 1959 A frozen record of density-driven crustal overturn in lava lakes: The example of Kilauea Iki 1959
Lava lakes are found at basaltic volcanoes on Earth and other planetary bodies. Density-driven crustal foundering leading to surface renewal occurs repeatedly throughout the life of a lava lake. This process has been observed and described in a qualitative sense, but due to dangerous conditions, no data has been acquired to evaluate the densities of the units involved. Kilauea Iki pit...
Authors
W.K. Stovall, Bruce F. Houghton, A.J.L. Harris, D. A. Swanson
A search in strainmeter data for slow slip associated with triggered and ambient tremor near Parkfield, California A search in strainmeter data for slow slip associated with triggered and ambient tremor near Parkfield, California
We test the hypothesis that, as in subduction zones, slow slip facilitates triggered and ambient tremor in the transform boundary setting of California. Our study builds on the study of Peng et al. (2009) of triggered and ambient tremor near Parkfield, California during time intervals surrounding 31, potentially triggering, M ≥ 7.5 teleseismic earthquakes; waves from 10 of these...
Authors
E.F. Smith, J. Gomberg
Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter
Changes beneath a volcano can be observed through position changes in a GPS network, but distinguishing the source of site motion is not always straightforward. The records of continuous GPS sites provide a favorable data set for tracking magma migration. Dense campaign observations usually provide a better spatial picture of the overall deformation field, at the expense of an episodic...
Authors
T. Fournier, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Peter Cervelli
Numerical models of caldera deformation: Effects of multiphase and multicomponent hydrothermal fluid flow Numerical models of caldera deformation: Effects of multiphase and multicomponent hydrothermal fluid flow
Ground surface displacement (GSD) in large calderas is often interpreted as resulting from magma intrusion at depth. Recent advances in geodetic measurements of GSD, notably interferometric synthetic aperture radar, reveal complex and multifaceted deformation patterns that often require complex source models to explain the observed GSD. Although hydrothermal fluids have been discussed as...
Authors
M. Hutnak, S. Hurwitz, S. E. Ingebritsen, P. A. Hsieh
Photometric changes on Saturn's Titan: Evidence for active cryovolcanism Photometric changes on Saturn's Titan: Evidence for active cryovolcanism
We report infrared spectrophotometric variability on the surface of Saturn's moon Titan detected in images returned by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini Saturn Orbiter. The changes were observed at 7°S, 138°W and occurred between October 27, 2005 and January 15, 2006. After that date the surface was unchanged until the most recent observation, March...
Authors
Robert M. Nelson, Lucas W. Kamp, Rosaly Lopes, Dennis L. Matson, Randolph L. Kirk, Bruce W. Hapke, Stephen D. Wall, Mark D. Boryta, Frank E. Leader, William D. Smythe, Karl L. Mitchell, Kevin H. Baines, Ralf Jaumann, Christophe Sotin, Roger N. Clark, Dale P. Cruikshank, Pierre Drossart, Jonathan I. Lunine, Michel Combes, Giancarlo Bellucci, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Fabrizio Capaccioni, Pricilla Cerroni, Angioletta Coradini, Vittorio Formisano, Gianrico Filacchione, Yves Langevin, Thomas B. McCord, Vito Mennella, Philip D. Nicholson, Bruno Sicardy, Patrick G.J. Irwin, John C. Pearl
Diffuse gas emissions at the Ukinrek Maars, Alaska: Implications for magmatic degassing and volcanic monitoring Diffuse gas emissions at the Ukinrek Maars, Alaska: Implications for magmatic degassing and volcanic monitoring
Diffuse CO2 efflux near the Ukinrek Maars, two small volcanic craters that formed in 1977 in a remote part of the Alaska Peninsula, was investigated using accumulation chamber measurements. High CO2 efflux, in many places exceeding 1000 g m−2 d−1, was found in conspicuous zones of plant damage or kill that cover 30,000–50,000 m2 in area. Total diffuse CO2 emission was estimated at 21–44...
Authors
William C. Evans, D. Bergfeld, R. G. McGimsey, A.G. Hunt
Improved prediction and tracking of volcanic ash clouds Improved prediction and tracking of volcanic ash clouds
During the past 30 years, more than 100 airplanes have inadvertently flown through clouds of volcanic ash from erupting volcanoes. Such encounters have caused millions of dollars in damage to the aircraft and have endangered the lives of tens of thousands of passengers. In a few severe cases, total engine failure resulted when ash was ingested into turbines and coating turbine blades...
Authors
Larry G. Mastin, Peter Webley
A guide to differences between stochastic point-source and stochastic finite-fault simulations A guide to differences between stochastic point-source and stochastic finite-fault simulations
Why do stochastic point-source and finite-fault simulation models not agree on the predicted ground motions for moderate earthquakes at large distances? This question was posed by Ken Campbell, who attempted to reproduce the Atkinson and Boore (2006) ground-motion prediction equations for eastern North America using the stochastic point-source program SMSIM (Boore, 2005) in place of the...
Authors
G. M. Atkinson, K. Assatourians, D.M. Boore, K. Campbell, D. Motazedian