Publications
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Coulomb stress change sensitivity due to variability in mainshock source models and receiving fault parameters: A case study of the 2010-2011 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes Coulomb stress change sensitivity due to variability in mainshock source models and receiving fault parameters: A case study of the 2010-2011 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes
Strong aftershocks following major earthquakes present significant challenges for infrastructure recovery as well as for emergency rescue efforts. A tragic instance of this is the 22 February 2011 Mw 6.3 Christchurch aftershock in New Zealand, which caused more than 100 deaths while the 2010 Mw 7.1 Canterbury mainshock did not cause a single fatality (Figure 1). Therefore, substantial...
Authors
Zhongwen Zhan, Bikai Jin, Shengji Wei, Robert W. Graves
Deep rock damage in the san andreas fault revealed by P- and S-type fault-zone-guided waves Deep rock damage in the san andreas fault revealed by P- and S-type fault-zone-guided waves
Damage to fault-zone rocks during fault slip results in the formation of a channel of low seismic-wave velocities. Within such channels guided seismic waves, denoted by Fg, can propagate. Here we show with core samples, well logs and Fg-waves that such a channel is crossed by the SAFOD (San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth) borehole at a depth of 2.7 km near Parkfield, California, USA...
Authors
William L. Ellsworth, Peter E. Malin
Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE
We report wind measurements within Martian dust devils observed in plan view from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) orbiting Mars. The central color swath of the HiRISE instrument has three separate charge‐coupled devices (CCDs) and color filters that observe the surface in rapid cadence. Active features, such as dust devils, appear in motion when observed by this...
Authors
D.S. Choi, Colin M. Dundas
Extreme volcanism on Io: Latest insights at the end of Galileo era Extreme volcanism on Io: Latest insights at the end of Galileo era
Galileo has now completed 7 years exploring Jupiter. The spacecraft obtained breathtaking views of the four major satellites, and studied Jupiter's clouds and atmospheric composition, rings, small satellites, and magnetic field. It had five successful close flybys and many distant observations of Io. Scientists already knew from Voyager and Earth‐based astronomy that Io is by far the...
Authors
Jeffrey S. Kargel, Robert R. Carlson, Ashley G. Davies, Bruce Fegley, Alan R. Gillespie, Ronald Greeley, Robert G. Howells, Kandis Lea Jessup, Lucas Kamp, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Rosaly Lopes, Timothy MacIntyre, Franck Marchis, Alfred McEwen, Moses P. Milazzo, Jason Perry, Jani Radebaugh, Laura Schaefer, Nicholas Schmerr, William Smythe, John M. Spencer, David A. Williams, Ju Zhang, Mikhail Zolotov
Real-time seismic monitoring of structures: Data handling and case studies Real-time seismic monitoring of structures: Data handling and case studies
Within the last decade, advances in the acquisition, processing and transmission of data from real-time seismic monitoring systems has contributed to the growth in the number structures instrumented with such systems. An equally important factor for such growth can be attributed to the demands by stakeholders to find rapid answers to important questions related to the functionality (or...
Authors
Mehmet Celebi
Geology and petroleum potential of the Eurasia Basin Geology and petroleum potential of the Eurasia Basin
The Eurasia Basin petroleum province comprises the younger, eastern half of the Arctic Ocean, including the Cenozoic Eurasia Basin and the outboard part of the continental margin of northern Europe. For the USGS petroleum assessment (CARA), it was divided into four assessment units (AUs): the Lena Prodelta AU, consisting of the deep-marine part of the Lena Delta; the Nansen Basin Margin...
Authors
Thomas E. Moore, Janet K. Pitman
Strong ground motion in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, during the M7.0 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake Strong ground motion in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, during the M7.0 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake
No strong motion records are available for the 12 January 2010 M7.0 Haiti earthquake. We use aftershock recordings as well as detailed considerations of damage to estimate the severity and distribution of mainshock shaking in Port-au-Prince. Relative to ground motions at a hard - rock reference site, peak accelerations are amplified by a factor of approximately 2 at sites on low-lying...
Authors
Susan E Hough, Doug Given, Tomoyo Taniguchi, J.R. Altidor, Dieuseul Anglade, S-L. Mildor
On the contribution of reconstruction labor wages and material prices to demand surge On the contribution of reconstruction labor wages and material prices to demand surge
Demand surge is understood to be a socio-economic phenomenon of large-scale natural disasters, most commonly explained by higher repair costs (after a large- versus small-scale disaster) resulting from higher material prices and labor wages. This study tests this explanation by developing quantitative models for the cost change of sets, or "baskets," of repairs to damage caused by...
Authors
Anna H. Olsen, Keith A. Porter
Observations of debris flows at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado, USA: Part 2, changes in surface morphometry from terrestrial laser scanning in the summer of 2009 Observations of debris flows at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado, USA: Part 2, changes in surface morphometry from terrestrial laser scanning in the summer of 2009
High resolution topographic data that quantify changes in channel form caused by sequential debris flows in natural channels are rare at the reach scale. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) techniques are utilized to capture morphological changes brought about by a high-frequency of debris-flow events at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the...
Authors
Dennis M. Staley, Thad A. Wasklewicz, Jeffrey A. Coe, Jason W. Kean, Scott W. McCoy, Greg E. Tucker
Earthquake rupture at focal depth, part II: mechanics of the 2004 M2.2 earthquake along the Pretorius Fault, TauTona Mine, South Africa Earthquake rupture at focal depth, part II: mechanics of the 2004 M2.2 earthquake along the Pretorius Fault, TauTona Mine, South Africa
We analyze here the rupture mechanics of the 2004, M2.2 earthquake based on our observations and measurements at focal depth (Part I). This event ruptured the Archean Pretorius fault that has been inactive for at least 2 Ga, and was reactivated due to mining operations down to a depth of 3.6 km depth. Thus, it was expected that the Pretorius fault zone will fail similarly to an intact...
Authors
V. Heesakkers, S. Murphy, D.A. Lockner, Z. Reches
A Geo-referenced 3D model of the Juan de Fuca Slab and associated seismicity A Geo-referenced 3D model of the Juan de Fuca Slab and associated seismicity
We present a Geographic Information System (GIS) of a new 3-dimensional (3D) model of the subducted Juan de Fuca Plate beneath western North America and associated seismicity of the Cascadia subduction system. The geo-referenced 3D model was constructed from weighted control points that integrate depth information from hypocenter locations and regional seismic velocity studies. We used...
Authors
J. L. Blair, P. A. McCrory, D. H. Oppenheimer, F. Waldhauser