Images

Progression of corrosion after approximately six months’ deployment time. Coupons of copper (on left), mild steel (center) and zinc (right) on 21 June 2023. Photo by Carol Stewart (Massey University).

Lava fountaining and effusion in Halema‘uma‘u crater, at the summit of Kīlauea, paused abruptly around 4:00 p.m. on Monday, June 19. This comparison shows activity at the southwest wall eruptive vent the day before (left), and the same spot just after activity paused on Monday (right). USGS photo by M. Patrick.

Just hours after the pause in the Kīlauea summit eruption on June 19, 2023, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologists visited the south rim of Halemaʻumaʻu crater to check for any residual activity. They captured this photo of the inactive eruptive vent (lower left) and the cooling lava lake (right).

A long-exposure view of the lava fountain in Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Saturday, June 17, 2023. The long exposure time allows the camera to capture the full arc-shaped trajectories of spatter fragments thrown out by the lava fountain. USGS photo by P. Nadeau.

A USGS gas scientist uses an infrared spectrometer to collect gas chemistry measurements from the plume in Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Saturday, June 17, 2023.

A nighttime view of the southwest side of Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Saturday, June 17, 2023. Seen here are the lava fountain and channel emerging from the base of the spatter cone that forms eruptive vent on the southwest wall of the crater. USGS photo by M. Cappos.

A nighttime close-up view of the upwelling area at the base of the spatter cone within Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Saturday, June 17, 2023. This upwelling feeds a lava channel that spreads out to the east of the spatter cone. USGS photo by M. Cappos.

A nighttime close-up view of spattering from the lava fountain on the southwest wall of Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Saturday, June 17, 2023. The fountain is to the left of this photo’s field of view; the fragments of lava darken as they cool and solidify mid-air as they travel away from the fountaining vent. USGS photo by P. Nadeau.

View from the southern rim of Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Friday, June 16, 2023, showing the southwest eruptive vent that is currently spattering and feeding lava flows on the crater floor. The fountaining is continuous, with lava bombs being thrown at least 10 m (33 ft) upwards and at least twice that distance away from the vent.

This compilation shows a sequence of thermal maps of the ongoing eruption in Halema‘uma‘u crater, at the summit of Kīlauea. The high initial eruption rates in the opening day of the eruption supplied numerous lava fountains that covered the entire crater floor with new lava.

Telephoto view—looking west—of the eruptive vent on the southwest wall of Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea. This was captured during a Hawaiian Volcano Observatory helicopter overflight the morning of June 16, 2023.

Telephoto view—looking southwest—of the southwest wall eruptive vent within Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea.

Close-up view of the southwest eruptive vent in Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Friday, June 16, 2023, as it spatters and feeds lava flows on the crater floor. The fountaining is continuous, with lava bombs being thrown at least 10 m (33 ft) upwards and at least twice that distance away from the vent. USGS photo by D. Downs.

A helicopter overflight on June 16, 2023, allowed for aerial visual and thermal imagery to be collected of Halema‘uma‘u crater at the summit of Kīlauea. The eruptive activity has consisted of lava fountaining supplying lava flows covering the southwest portion of the crater floor.

A helicopter overflight on June 16, 2023, allowed for aerial visual and thermal imagery to be collected of Halema‘uma‘u crater at the summit of Kīlauea. The eruptive activity has consisted of lava fountaining supplying lava flows covering the southwest portion of the crater floor.

Southwest-looking view of the Kīlauea summit eruption within Halemaʻumaʻu crater, captured during a Hawaiian Volcano Observatory helicopter overflight the morning of June 16, 2023. Active lava can be seen erupting from a vent on the southwest (far side) crater wall.

View—looking southwest—of the Kīlauea summit eruption within Halemaʻumaʻu, as captured during a Hawaiian Volcano Observatory helicopter overflight the morning of June 16, 2023. Lava can be seen erupting from a vent on the southwest crater wall in the background.

An overview of eruptive activity in Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea during the evening of Wednesday, June 14, 2023. The eruptive vent in the southwest wall of the crater (right) appeared to be the only active vent, and it was supplying lava into a lake in the southwestern portion of the crater. USGS photo by M. Patrick.

A Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist uses a laser rangefinder to track the rise of the crater floor and lava lake surface within Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea on Wednesday, June 14, 2023. USGS photo by M. Patrick.

A view of the eruptive vent in the southwest wall of Halemaʻumaʻu crater, taken from the western caldera rim at Kīlauea on Wednesday, June 14, 2023. Visible is the vent opening at the top of the perched cone and lava effusing from its base onto the crater floor. USGS photo by M. Patrick.

A view of roiling lava within the eruptive vent in the southwest wall of Halemaʻumaʻu crater on Wednesday, July 14, 2023, partially obscured by thick volcanic fume. This vent is currently the only active eruptive vent at the summit of Kīlauea. USGS photo by M. Patrick.