Publications
These publications showcase the significant science conducted in our Science Centers.
Filter Total Items: 16746
Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies
The ideal study of the effects of methylmercury on the reproductive success of a species of bird would be one in which eggs contained mercury concentrations ranging from controls to very heavily contaminated, all at the same site. Such a study cannot be realized at a mercury contaminated area or under laboratory conditions, but could be achieved by introducing methylmercury into breeding...
Authors
Gary Heinz, David J. Hoffman, Jon D. Klimstra, Katherine R. Stebbins
Preliminary Assessment of the Hydrogeology and Groundwater Availability in the Metamorphic and Siliciclastic Fractured-Rock Aquifer Systems of Warren County, Virginia Preliminary Assessment of the Hydrogeology and Groundwater Availability in the Metamorphic and Siliciclastic Fractured-Rock Aquifer Systems of Warren County, Virginia
Expanding development and the prolonged drought from 1999 to 2002 drew attention to the quantity and sustainability of the groundwater resources in Warren County, Virginia. The groundwater flow systems of the county are complex and are controlled by the extremely folded and faulted geology that underlies the county. A study was conducted between May 2002 and October 2008 by the U.S...
Authors
David L. Nelms, Roger M. Moberg
Standard-target calibration of an acoustic backscatter system Standard-target calibration of an acoustic backscatter system
The standard-target method used to calibrate scientific echo sounders and other scientific sonars by a single, solid elastic sphere is being adapted to acoustic backscatter (ABS) systems. Its first application, to the AQUAscat 1000, is described. The on-axis sensitivity and directional properties of transducer beams at three operating frequencies, nominally 1, 2.5, and 4 MHz, have been...
Authors
Kenneth G. Foote, Marinna A. Martini
Surface elevation change and susceptibility of different mangrove zones to sea-level rise on Pacific high islands of Micronesia Surface elevation change and susceptibility of different mangrove zones to sea-level rise on Pacific high islands of Micronesia
Mangroves on Pacific high islands offer a number of important ecosystem services to both natural ecological communities and human societies. High islands are subjected to constant erosion over geologic time, which establishes an important source of terrigeneous sediment for nearby marine communities. Many of these sediments are deposited in mangrove forests and offer mangroves a...
Authors
K. W. Krauss, Donald R. Cahoon, J. A. Allen, K. C. Ewel, J.C. Lynch, Nicole Cormier
The Sudbury impact layer in the paleoproterozoiciron ranges of northern Michigan, USA The Sudbury impact layer in the paleoproterozoiciron ranges of northern Michigan, USA
A layer of breccia that contains fragments of impact ejecta has been found at 10 sites in the Paleoproterozoic iron ranges of northern Michigan, in the Lake Superior region of the United States. Radiometric age constraints from events predating and postdating deposition of the breccia are ca. 1875 Ma and 1830 Ma. The major bolide impact that occurred at 1850 Ma at Sudbury, Ontario, 500...
Authors
W.F. Cannon, K. J. Schulz, J. Wright Horton, David A. King
Carbon and hydrogen isotopic evidence for the origin of combustible gases in water-supply wells in north-central Pennsylvania Carbon and hydrogen isotopic evidence for the origin of combustible gases in water-supply wells in north-central Pennsylvania
The origin of the combustible gases in groundwater from glacial-outwash and fractured-bedrock aquifers was investigated in northern Tioga County, Pennsylvania. Thermogenic methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) and microbial CH4 were found. Microbial CH4 is from natural in situ processes in the shale bedrock and occurs chiefly in the bedrock aquifer. The δ13C values of CH4 and C2H6 for the...
Authors
K. M. Revesz, K. J. Breen, A.J. Baldassare, R.C. Burruss
Defensible decision making: Harnessing the power of adaptive resource management Defensible decision making: Harnessing the power of adaptive resource management
No abstract available.
Authors
M. Knutson, H. Laskowski, Christine Moore, E. Lonsdorf, S. Lor, L. Stevenson
Traffic effects on bird counts on North American Breeding Bird Survey routes Traffic effects on bird counts on North American Breeding Bird Survey routes
The North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) is an annual roadside survey used to estimate population change in >420 species of birds that breed in North America. Roadside sampling has been criticized, in part because traffic noise can interfere with bird counts. Since 1997, data have been collected on the numbers of vehicles that pass during counts at each stop. We assessed the effect...
Authors
Emily H. Griffith, John R. Sauer, J. Andrew Royle
The 2003-2008 summary of the North American Breeding Bird Survey The 2003-2008 summary of the North American Breeding Bird Survey
Data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey were used to estimate continental and regional changes in bird populations for the 6-yr period 2003-2008 and the 2-yr period 2007-2008. These short-term changes were placed in the context of population trends estimated over the 1966-2008 interval. Across the entire survey area, a higher proportion of species exhibited positive growth...
Authors
David J. Ziolkowski, Keith L. Pardieck, John R. Sauer
Spatially explicit inference for open populations: Estimating demographic parameters from camera-trap studies Spatially explicit inference for open populations: Estimating demographic parameters from camera-trap studies
We develop a hierarchical capture–recapture model for demographically open populations when auxiliary spatial information about location of capture is obtained. Such spatial capture–recapture data arise from studies based on camera trapping, DNA sampling, and other situations in which a spatial array of devices records encounters of unique individuals. We integrate an individual‐based...
Authors
Beth Gardner, Juan Reppucci, Mauro Lucherini, J. Andrew Royle
Reproduction in mallards exposed to dietary concentrations of methylmercury Reproduction in mallards exposed to dietary concentrations of methylmercury
The purpose of this experiment was to use mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) tested under controlled conditions to determine how much harm to reproduction resulted from various concentrations of mercury in eggs. Breeding pairs of mallards were fed a control diet or diets containing 1, 2, 4, or 8 μg/g mercury, as methylmercury chloride. Mean concentrations of mercury in eggs laid by parents...
Authors
Gary Heinz, David J. Hoffman, Jon D. Klimstra, Katherine R. Stebbins
The impact of conservation on the status of the world's vertebrates The impact of conservation on the status of the world's vertebrates
Using data for 25,780 species categorized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, we present an assessment of the status of the world's vertebrates. One-fifth of species are classified as Threatened, and we show that this figure is increasing: On average, 52 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians move one category closer to extinction each year. However, this...
Authors
Michael Hoffmann, Craig Hilton-Taylor, Ariadne Angulo, Monika Bohm, Thomas M. Brooks, Stuart H.M. Butchart, Kent E. Carpenter, Janice Chanson, Ben Collen, Neil A. Cox, William R.T. Darwall, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Lucy R. Harrison, Vineet Katariya, Caroline M. Pollock, Suhel Quader, Nadia I. Richman, Ana S.L. Rodrigues, Marcelo F. Tognelli, Jean-Christophe Vie, John M. Aguiar, David J. Allen, Gerald R. Allen, Giovanni Amori, Natalia B. Ananjeva, Franco Androene, Paul Andrew, Aida Luz Aquino Ortiz, Jonathan E.M. Baillie, Ricardo Baldi, Ben D. Bell, S.D. Biju, Jeremy P. Bird, Patricia Black-Decima, J. Julian Blanc, Federico Bolanos, Wilmar Bolivar-G., Ian J. Burfield, James A. Burton, David R. Capper, Fernando Castro, Gianluca Catullo, Rachel D. Cavanagh, Alan Channing, Ning Labbish Chao, Anna M. Chenery, Federica Chiozza, Viola Clausnitzer, Nigel J. Collar, Leah C. Collett, Bruce B. Collette, Claudia F. Cortez Fernandez, Matthew T. Craig, Michael J. Crosby, Neil Cumberlidge, Annabelle Cuttelod, Andrew E. Derocher, Arvin C. Diesmos, John S. Donaldson, J.W. Duckworth, Guy Dutson, S.K. Dutta, Richard H. Emslie, Aljos Farjon, Sarah Fowler, Jorg Freyhof, David L. Garshelis, Justin Gerlach, David J. Gower, Tandora D. Grant, Geoffrey A. Hammerson, Richard B. Harris, Lawrence R. Heaney, S. Blair Hedges, Jean-Marc Hero, Baz Hughes, Syed Ainul Hussain, Javier M. Icochea, Robert F. Inger, Nobuo Ishii, Djoko T. Iskandar, Richard K.B. Jenkins, Yoshio Kaneko, Maurice Kottelat, Kit M. Kovacs, Sergius L. Kuzmin, Enrique La Marca, John F. Lamoreux, Michael W.N. Lau, Esteban O. Lavilla, Kristin Leus, Rebecca L. Lewison, Gabriela Lichtenstein, Suzanne R. Livingstone, Vimoksolehi Lukoschek, David P. Mallon, Philip J.K. McGowan, Anna McIvor, Patricia D. Moehlman, Sanjay Molur, Antonio Munoz Alonso, John A. Musick, Kristin Nowell, Ronald A. Nussbaum, Wanda Olech, Nikolay L. Orlov, Theodore J. Papenfuss, Gabriela Parra-Olea, William F. Perrin, Beth A. Polidoro, Mohammad Pourkazemi, Paul A. Racey, James S. Ragle, Mala Ram, Galen Rathbun, Robert P. Reynolds, Anders G.J. Rhodin, Stephen J. Richards, Lily O. Rodriguez, Santiago R. Ron, Carlo Rondinini, Anthony B. Rylands, Yvonne Sadovy de Mitcheson, Jonnell C. Sanciangco, Kate L. Sanders, Georgina Santos-Barrera, Jan Schipper, Caryn Self-Sullivan, Yichuan Shi, Alan Shoemaker, Frederick T. Short, Claudio Sillero-Zubiri, Debora L. Silvano, Kevin G. Smith, Andrew T. Smith, Jos Snoeks, Alison J. Stattersfield, Andrew J. Symes, Andrew B. Taber, Bibhab K. Talukdar, Helen J. Temple, Rob Timmins, Joseph A. Tobias, Katerina Tsytsulina, Denis Tweddle, Carmen Ubeda, Sarah V. Valenti, Peter Paul van Dijk, Liza M. Veiga, Alberto Veloso, David C. Wege, Mark Wilkinson, Elizabeth A. Williamson, Feng Xie, Bruce E. Young, H. Resit Akcakaya, Leon Bennun, Tim M. Blackburn, Luigi Boitani, Holly T. Dublin, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, Claude Gascon, Thomas E. Lacher, Georgina M. Mace, Susan A. Mainka, Jeffery A. McNeely, Russell A. Mittermeier, Gordon McGregor Reid, Jon Paul Rodriguez, Andrew A. Rosenberg, Michael J. Samways, Jane Smart, Bruce A. Stein, Simon N. Stuart