Michael F Meyer, PhD
Dr. Michael F Meyer is a Research Ecologist and Limnologist in the Oregon Water Science Center.
Michael Meyer works in the Oregon Water Science Center's Ecology Team to develop novel datasets and interpretive pieces that help the aquatic sciences fully take advantage of the wealth of publicly available environmental data. In particular, Michael uses his training in limnology and aquatic ecology to help expand remote sensing of water quality studies beyond individual constituents and into a whole-ecosystem space. Michael’s main research themes include: (1) understanding shifts in lake trophic state at continental and decadal scales, (2) creating dynamic datasets that allow for immediate access to remotely sensed water quality data, (3) data harmonization of in situ collection with remote sensing imagery. Michael also serves as an Associate Editor for Limnology & Oceanography – Bulletin and is a founding member of the Community for Data Science and Open Science in the Aquatic Sciences (DSOS).
Professional Experience
2025 - present: Research Ecologist / Limnologist, Oregon Water Science Center
2021 – present: Affiliated Researcher, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
2021 – present: Affiliated Researcher, Colorado State University
2021 – 2025: Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellow, Observing Systems Division
2015-2020: National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow, Washington State University
2014 – 2015: Research/Study Fulbright Fellow, Irkutsk State University
Education and Certifications
Ph.D., Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, 2021
B.S., Biology, Saint Louis University, 2014
B.A. Russian Studies, Saint Louis University, 2014
B.A. International Studies, Saint Louis University, 2014
Affiliations and Memberships*
Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network
American Geophysical Union
Community for Data Science and Open Science in the Aquatic Sciences
Honors and Awards
U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship, 2021-2025
National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, 2015 – 2020
Washington State University Robert Lane Scholarship, 2015-2021
Fulbright Research/Study Scholarship, 2014-2015
U.S. State Department Critical Language Scholarship, 2014
Outstanding Student for Modern and Classical Languages, Saint Louis University, 2014
U.S. Department of Education Biotechnology Exchange, 2013
Abstracts and Presentations
Meyer, M. F., S. Topp, T. V. King, and others. 2023. National-scale, remotely sensed lake trophic state, 1984-2020. 2023: ASLO-SS012
Meyer, M., M. Brousil, V. Salvatore, X. Yang, A. Cramer, and S. Hampton. 2021. Global Lake area, Climate, and Population (GLCP) Dataset: Extending the GLCP to include ice, snow, and radiation-related climate variables. 2021: H41G-02.
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 121
Eleven-year trend in acetanilide pesticide degradates in the Iowa River, Iowa Eleven-year trend in acetanilide pesticide degradates in the Iowa River, Iowa
Trends in concentration and loads of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor and their ethanasulfonic (ESA) and oxanilic (OXA) acid degradates were studied from 1996 through 2006 in the main stem of the Iowa River, Iowa and in the South Fork Iowa River, a small tributary near the headwaters of the Iowa River. Concentration trends were determined using the parametric regression model...
Authors
Stephen Kalkhoff, Aldo Vecchia, Paul Capel, Michael Meyer
Occurrence and potential transport of selected pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater compounds from wastewater-treatment plant influent and effluent to groundwater and canal systems in Miami-Dade County, Florida Occurrence and potential transport of selected pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater compounds from wastewater-treatment plant influent and effluent to groundwater and canal systems in Miami-Dade County, Florida
An increased demand for fresh groundwater resources in South Florida has prompted Miami-Dade County to expand its water reclamation program and actively pursue reuse plans for aquifer recharge, irrigation, and wetland rehydration. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department (WASD) and the Miami-Dade Department of Environmental Resources...
Authors
Adam Foster, Brian Katz, Michael Meyer
Mercury and other element exposure in tree swallows nesting at low pH and neutral pH lakes in northern Wisconsin USA Mercury and other element exposure in tree swallows nesting at low pH and neutral pH lakes in northern Wisconsin USA
The primary objective of this study was to determine whether tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) demonstrate similar responses to lake pH and mercury (Hg) contamination in northern Wisconsin as do common loons (Gavia immer). Similar to common loons, Hg concentrations in the blood of tree swallow nestlings were higher, Hg concentrations in eggs tended to be higher, and egg size tended to...
Authors
Thomas Custer, Christine Custer, Wayne Thogmartin, Paul Dummer, Ronald Rossmann, Kevin Kenow, Michael W. Meyer
Envisioning the future of wildlife in a changing climate: Collaborative learning for adaptation planning Envisioning the future of wildlife in a changing climate: Collaborative learning for adaptation planning
Natural resource managers are tasked with assessing the impacts of climate change on conservation targets and developing adaptation strategies to meet agency goals. The complex, transboundary nature of climate change demands the collaboration of scientists, managers, and stakeholders in this effort. To share, integrate, and apply knowledge from these diverse perspectives, we must engage...
Authors
Olivia E. LeDee, W. Karasov, Karl Martin, Michael W. Meyer, Christine Ribic, Timothy Van Deelen
Effects of injected methylmercury on the hatching of common loon (Gavia immer) eggs Effects of injected methylmercury on the hatching of common loon (Gavia immer) eggs
To determine the level of in ovo methylmercury (MeHg) exposure that results in detrimental effects on fitness and survival of loon embryos and hatched chicks, we conducted a field study in which we injected eggs with various doses of MeHg on day 4 of incubation. Eggs were collected following about 23 days of natural incubation and artificially incubated to observe hatching. Reduced...
Authors
Kevin Kenow, Michael W. Meyer, Ronald Rossmann, Annette Gendron-Fitzpatrick, Brian Gray
Bi-phasic trends in mercury concentrations in blood of Wisconsin common loons during 1992-2010 Bi-phasic trends in mercury concentrations in blood of Wisconsin common loons during 1992-2010
We assessed the ecological risk of mercury (Hg) in aquatic systems by monitoring common loon (Gavia immer) population dynamics and blood Hg concentrations. We report temporal trends in blood Hg concentrations based on 334 samples collected from adults recaptured in subsequent years (resampled 2–9 times) and from 421 blood samples of chicks collected at lakes resampled 2–8 times 1992–2010...
Authors
Michael W. Meyer, Paul Rasmussen, Carl Watras, Brick Fevold, Kevin Kenow
Lagrangian sampling of wastewater treatment plant effluent in Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2005— Hydrological and water-quality data Lagrangian sampling of wastewater treatment plant effluent in Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2005— Hydrological and water-quality data
This report presents methods and data for a Lagrangian sampling investigation into chemical loading and in-stream attenuation of inorganic and organic contaminants in two wastewater treatment-plant effluent-dominated streams: Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa. Water-quality sampling was timed to coincide with low-flow conditions when dilution of the wastewater treatment...
Authors
Larry Barber, Steffanie Keefe, Dana Kolpin, Douglas Schnoebelen, Jennifer Flynn, Gregory K. Brown, Edward Furlong, Susan T. Glassmeyer, James Gray, Michael Meyer, Mark Sandstrom, Howard Taylor, Steven Zaugg
Comparative mobility of sulfonamides and bromide tracer in three soils Comparative mobility of sulfonamides and bromide tracer in three soils
In animal agriculture, sulfonamides are one of the routinely used groups of antimicrobials for therapeutic and sub-therapeutic purposes. It is observed that, the animals when administered the antimicrobials, often do not completely metabolize them; and excrete the partially metabolized forms into the environment. Due to the continued use of antimicrobials and disposal of untreated waste...
Authors
S.T. Kurwadkar, C.D. Adams, Michael Meyer, Dana Kolpin
Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006 Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006
Fungicides are used to prevent foliar diseases on a wide range of vegetable, field, fruit, and ornamental crops. They are generally more effective as protective rather than curative treatments, and hence tend to be applied before infections take place. Less than 1% of US soybeans were treated with a fungicide in 2002 but by 2006, 4% were treated. Like other pesticides, fungicides can...
Authors
William Battaglin, Mark Sandstrom, Kathryn Kuivila, Dana Kolpin, Michael Meyer
Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6 Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6
The occurrence of antibiotics in surface water and groundwater in urban basins has become a topic of increasing interest in recent years. Little is known about the occurrence, fate, or transport of these compounds and the possible health effects in humans and aquatic life. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Columbus, Division of Power and Water, did a study to...
Authors
Dennis P. Finnegan, Laura Simonson, Michael Meyer
Antibiotic fate and transport in three effluent-dominated Ozark streams Antibiotic fate and transport in three effluent-dominated Ozark streams
Antibiotic transport downstream from a wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge was evaluated along stream reaches on Mud Creek, Spring Creek, and Decatur Branch in northwestern Arkansas, USA. Water and streambed samples were collected during August and September 2006 and analyzed for multiple antibiotics representing five classes (beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides...
Authors
Leslie Massey, Brian Haggard, Joel Galloway, Keith Loftin, Michael Meyer, W. Green
Effect of diet on fecal and urinary estrogenic activity Effect of diet on fecal and urinary estrogenic activity
The United States Environmental Protection Agency has identified estrogens from animal feeding operations as a major environmental concern, but few data are available to quantify the excretion of estrogenic compounds by dairy cattle. The objectives of this study were to quantify variation in estrogenic activity in feces and urine due to increased dietary inclusion of phytoestrogens. Ten...
Authors
H.A. Tucker, K.F. Knowlton, Michael Meyer, W.O Khunjar, N.G. Love
Non-USGS Publications**
Meyer, M.F., Brousil, M.R., Lee, B.W., Armstrong, M.L., Bloom, E.H., Crowder, D.W., 2024. Identifying drivers of sewage-associated pollutants in pollinators across urban landscapes. Apidologie 55, 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-023-01046-4
Meyer, M. F., T. Ozersky, K. H. Woo, and others. 2022. Effects of spatially heterogeneous lakeside development on nearshore biotic communities in a large, deep, oligotrophic lake. Limnology and Oceanography 67: 2649–2664. doi:10.1002/lno.12228
Meyer, M. F., T. Ozersky, K. H. Woo, and others. 2022. A unified dataset of colocated sewage pollution, periphyton, and benthic macroinvertebrate community and food web structure from Lake Baikal (Siberia). Limnology and Oceanography Letters 7: 62–79. doi:10.1002/lol2.10219
Atkins, K. S., T. P. Shannon, M. F. Meyer, I. A. Oleksy, N. T. Framsted, D. Gurung, and R. Ladwig. 2022. Integrating periphyton and surface water–groundwater methods to understand lake ecosystem processes. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 20: 61–88.
Meyer, M. F., R. Ladwig, J. P. Mesman, and others. 2021. The AEMON-J “Hacking Limnology” Workshop Series & Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 30: 140–143. doi:10.1002/lob.10475
Meyer, M. F., R. Ladwig, H. A. Dugan, and others. 2021. Virtual Growing Pains: Initial Lessons Learned from Organizing Virtual Workshops, Summits, Conferences, and Networking Events during a Global Pandemic. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 30: 1–11. doi:10.1002/lob.10431
Meyer, M. F., M. R. Brousil, A. N. Cramer, B. P. Lanouette, J. C. Padowski, and S. E. Hampton. 2020. The Global Lake Area, Climate, and Population Dataset: A New Tool for Addressing Critical Limnological Questions. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 29: 110–116.
Labou, S. G., M. F. Meyer, M. R. Brousil, A. N. Cramer, and B. T. Luff. 2020. The global lake area, climate, and population dataset. Environmental Data Initiative. doi:https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/834e2d4e8ee7eb2fa9a5a5b32d759683
Meyer, M. F., S. G. Labou, A. N. Cramer, M. R. Brousil, and B. T. Luff. 2020. The global lake area, climate, and population dataset. Scientific Data 7: 174. doi:10.1038/s41597-020-0517-4
Meyer, M. F., and J. A. Zwart. 2020. Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 29: 144–146. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/lob.10411
doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005799
doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005799
Sharma, S., M. F. Meyer, J. Culpepper, and others. 2020. Integrating Perspectives to Understand Lake Ice Dynamics in a Changing World. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 125: e2020JG005799. doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005799
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 121
Eleven-year trend in acetanilide pesticide degradates in the Iowa River, Iowa Eleven-year trend in acetanilide pesticide degradates in the Iowa River, Iowa
Trends in concentration and loads of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor and their ethanasulfonic (ESA) and oxanilic (OXA) acid degradates were studied from 1996 through 2006 in the main stem of the Iowa River, Iowa and in the South Fork Iowa River, a small tributary near the headwaters of the Iowa River. Concentration trends were determined using the parametric regression model...
Authors
Stephen Kalkhoff, Aldo Vecchia, Paul Capel, Michael Meyer
Occurrence and potential transport of selected pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater compounds from wastewater-treatment plant influent and effluent to groundwater and canal systems in Miami-Dade County, Florida Occurrence and potential transport of selected pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater compounds from wastewater-treatment plant influent and effluent to groundwater and canal systems in Miami-Dade County, Florida
An increased demand for fresh groundwater resources in South Florida has prompted Miami-Dade County to expand its water reclamation program and actively pursue reuse plans for aquifer recharge, irrigation, and wetland rehydration. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department (WASD) and the Miami-Dade Department of Environmental Resources...
Authors
Adam Foster, Brian Katz, Michael Meyer
Mercury and other element exposure in tree swallows nesting at low pH and neutral pH lakes in northern Wisconsin USA Mercury and other element exposure in tree swallows nesting at low pH and neutral pH lakes in northern Wisconsin USA
The primary objective of this study was to determine whether tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) demonstrate similar responses to lake pH and mercury (Hg) contamination in northern Wisconsin as do common loons (Gavia immer). Similar to common loons, Hg concentrations in the blood of tree swallow nestlings were higher, Hg concentrations in eggs tended to be higher, and egg size tended to...
Authors
Thomas Custer, Christine Custer, Wayne Thogmartin, Paul Dummer, Ronald Rossmann, Kevin Kenow, Michael W. Meyer
Envisioning the future of wildlife in a changing climate: Collaborative learning for adaptation planning Envisioning the future of wildlife in a changing climate: Collaborative learning for adaptation planning
Natural resource managers are tasked with assessing the impacts of climate change on conservation targets and developing adaptation strategies to meet agency goals. The complex, transboundary nature of climate change demands the collaboration of scientists, managers, and stakeholders in this effort. To share, integrate, and apply knowledge from these diverse perspectives, we must engage...
Authors
Olivia E. LeDee, W. Karasov, Karl Martin, Michael W. Meyer, Christine Ribic, Timothy Van Deelen
Effects of injected methylmercury on the hatching of common loon (Gavia immer) eggs Effects of injected methylmercury on the hatching of common loon (Gavia immer) eggs
To determine the level of in ovo methylmercury (MeHg) exposure that results in detrimental effects on fitness and survival of loon embryos and hatched chicks, we conducted a field study in which we injected eggs with various doses of MeHg on day 4 of incubation. Eggs were collected following about 23 days of natural incubation and artificially incubated to observe hatching. Reduced...
Authors
Kevin Kenow, Michael W. Meyer, Ronald Rossmann, Annette Gendron-Fitzpatrick, Brian Gray
Bi-phasic trends in mercury concentrations in blood of Wisconsin common loons during 1992-2010 Bi-phasic trends in mercury concentrations in blood of Wisconsin common loons during 1992-2010
We assessed the ecological risk of mercury (Hg) in aquatic systems by monitoring common loon (Gavia immer) population dynamics and blood Hg concentrations. We report temporal trends in blood Hg concentrations based on 334 samples collected from adults recaptured in subsequent years (resampled 2–9 times) and from 421 blood samples of chicks collected at lakes resampled 2–8 times 1992–2010...
Authors
Michael W. Meyer, Paul Rasmussen, Carl Watras, Brick Fevold, Kevin Kenow
Lagrangian sampling of wastewater treatment plant effluent in Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2005— Hydrological and water-quality data Lagrangian sampling of wastewater treatment plant effluent in Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2005— Hydrological and water-quality data
This report presents methods and data for a Lagrangian sampling investigation into chemical loading and in-stream attenuation of inorganic and organic contaminants in two wastewater treatment-plant effluent-dominated streams: Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa. Water-quality sampling was timed to coincide with low-flow conditions when dilution of the wastewater treatment...
Authors
Larry Barber, Steffanie Keefe, Dana Kolpin, Douglas Schnoebelen, Jennifer Flynn, Gregory K. Brown, Edward Furlong, Susan T. Glassmeyer, James Gray, Michael Meyer, Mark Sandstrom, Howard Taylor, Steven Zaugg
Comparative mobility of sulfonamides and bromide tracer in three soils Comparative mobility of sulfonamides and bromide tracer in three soils
In animal agriculture, sulfonamides are one of the routinely used groups of antimicrobials for therapeutic and sub-therapeutic purposes. It is observed that, the animals when administered the antimicrobials, often do not completely metabolize them; and excrete the partially metabolized forms into the environment. Due to the continued use of antimicrobials and disposal of untreated waste...
Authors
S.T. Kurwadkar, C.D. Adams, Michael Meyer, Dana Kolpin
Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006 Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006
Fungicides are used to prevent foliar diseases on a wide range of vegetable, field, fruit, and ornamental crops. They are generally more effective as protective rather than curative treatments, and hence tend to be applied before infections take place. Less than 1% of US soybeans were treated with a fungicide in 2002 but by 2006, 4% were treated. Like other pesticides, fungicides can...
Authors
William Battaglin, Mark Sandstrom, Kathryn Kuivila, Dana Kolpin, Michael Meyer
Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6 Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6
The occurrence of antibiotics in surface water and groundwater in urban basins has become a topic of increasing interest in recent years. Little is known about the occurrence, fate, or transport of these compounds and the possible health effects in humans and aquatic life. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Columbus, Division of Power and Water, did a study to...
Authors
Dennis P. Finnegan, Laura Simonson, Michael Meyer
Antibiotic fate and transport in three effluent-dominated Ozark streams Antibiotic fate and transport in three effluent-dominated Ozark streams
Antibiotic transport downstream from a wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge was evaluated along stream reaches on Mud Creek, Spring Creek, and Decatur Branch in northwestern Arkansas, USA. Water and streambed samples were collected during August and September 2006 and analyzed for multiple antibiotics representing five classes (beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides...
Authors
Leslie Massey, Brian Haggard, Joel Galloway, Keith Loftin, Michael Meyer, W. Green
Effect of diet on fecal and urinary estrogenic activity Effect of diet on fecal and urinary estrogenic activity
The United States Environmental Protection Agency has identified estrogens from animal feeding operations as a major environmental concern, but few data are available to quantify the excretion of estrogenic compounds by dairy cattle. The objectives of this study were to quantify variation in estrogenic activity in feces and urine due to increased dietary inclusion of phytoestrogens. Ten...
Authors
H.A. Tucker, K.F. Knowlton, Michael Meyer, W.O Khunjar, N.G. Love
Non-USGS Publications**
Meyer, M.F., Brousil, M.R., Lee, B.W., Armstrong, M.L., Bloom, E.H., Crowder, D.W., 2024. Identifying drivers of sewage-associated pollutants in pollinators across urban landscapes. Apidologie 55, 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-023-01046-4
Meyer, M. F., T. Ozersky, K. H. Woo, and others. 2022. Effects of spatially heterogeneous lakeside development on nearshore biotic communities in a large, deep, oligotrophic lake. Limnology and Oceanography 67: 2649–2664. doi:10.1002/lno.12228
Meyer, M. F., T. Ozersky, K. H. Woo, and others. 2022. A unified dataset of colocated sewage pollution, periphyton, and benthic macroinvertebrate community and food web structure from Lake Baikal (Siberia). Limnology and Oceanography Letters 7: 62–79. doi:10.1002/lol2.10219
Atkins, K. S., T. P. Shannon, M. F. Meyer, I. A. Oleksy, N. T. Framsted, D. Gurung, and R. Ladwig. 2022. Integrating periphyton and surface water–groundwater methods to understand lake ecosystem processes. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 20: 61–88.
Meyer, M. F., R. Ladwig, J. P. Mesman, and others. 2021. The AEMON-J “Hacking Limnology” Workshop Series & Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 30: 140–143. doi:10.1002/lob.10475
Meyer, M. F., R. Ladwig, H. A. Dugan, and others. 2021. Virtual Growing Pains: Initial Lessons Learned from Organizing Virtual Workshops, Summits, Conferences, and Networking Events during a Global Pandemic. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 30: 1–11. doi:10.1002/lob.10431
Meyer, M. F., M. R. Brousil, A. N. Cramer, B. P. Lanouette, J. C. Padowski, and S. E. Hampton. 2020. The Global Lake Area, Climate, and Population Dataset: A New Tool for Addressing Critical Limnological Questions. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 29: 110–116.
Labou, S. G., M. F. Meyer, M. R. Brousil, A. N. Cramer, and B. T. Luff. 2020. The global lake area, climate, and population dataset. Environmental Data Initiative. doi:https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/834e2d4e8ee7eb2fa9a5a5b32d759683
Meyer, M. F., S. G. Labou, A. N. Cramer, M. R. Brousil, and B. T. Luff. 2020. The global lake area, climate, and population dataset. Scientific Data 7: 174. doi:10.1038/s41597-020-0517-4
Meyer, M. F., and J. A. Zwart. 2020. Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research. Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 29: 144–146. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/lob.10411
doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005799
doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005799
Sharma, S., M. F. Meyer, J. Culpepper, and others. 2020. Integrating Perspectives to Understand Lake Ice Dynamics in a Changing World. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 125: e2020JG005799. doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005799
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
*Disclaimer: Listing outside positions with professional scientific organizations on this Staff Profile are for informational purposes only and do not constitute an endorsement of those professional scientific organizations or their activities by the USGS, Department of the Interior, or U.S. Government