Shawn T O'Neil, PhD
Shawn O'Neil is a wildlife biologist at the USGS Western Ecological Research Center.
Science and Products
Mapping wild horse densities across broad landscapes of the Western United States
Researchers at USGS are using historical wild horse survey and monitoring records to conduct a study of horse density across sagebrush ecosystems of the western United States. Researchers will develop generalized density maps for the species that will enhance concurrent evaluations into the ecological effects of wild horse populations.
Estimating spatial variation in greater sage-grouse lek buffers using seasonal space use models
Greater sage-grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus) management relies on the identification and protection of core habitat for the species. Core areas are often centered on leks where the potential impacts of anthropogenic development and other disturbances can be evaluated based on buffer distances around active leks. While buffer distances have been quantified for some regions, sage-grouse space...
Influence of future climate scenarios on habitat and population dynamics of greater sage-grouse
Sagebrush ecosystems and sagebrush-dependent wildlife species are likely to experience more frequent extreme drought and temperature conditions with changing climate. Greater sage-grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus), an indicator species in sagebrush ecosystems, may experience habitat and population losses that are increasingly exacerbated by current and future climate change. However, the direct...
Wild horse and livestock influences on vegetation and wildlife in sagebrush ecosystems: Implications for refining and validating Appropriate Management Level (AML)
USGS researchers are conducting a comprehensive study of wild horse and livestock records across the greater sage-grouse range to investigate impacts on vegetation and wildlife (specifically, sage-grouse and songbirds). Researchers will use these results to evaluate Appropriate Management Levels for wild horse and burros, and projections of vegetation productivity under changing conditions.
Filter Total Items: 20
Greater Sage-Grouse Survival Encounter Histories and Counts in Association with Precipitation, Temperature, and Drought in the Great Basin, USA Greater Sage-Grouse Survival Encounter Histories and Counts in Association with Precipitation, Temperature, and Drought in the Great Basin, USA
A suite of tables filled with greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage-grouse) survival data and environmental covariate values, extracted to sage-grouse nest, brood, and general locations, as well as lek locations. We quantified 8 indicators of temperature and/or moisture conditions across time spans representing lags of 0-1.5 years, while accounting for other...
Communication Towers across the Greater Sage-Grouse Range Communication Towers across the Greater Sage-Grouse Range
We compiled and verified a dataset which represents a comprehensive inventory of communication tower infrastructure across the range of the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) from 1990 to 2023. Our dataset is an annual spatial time series product that allows users to visualize, assess, and analyze tower locations and duration (i.e., including date of construction through...
Rasters and Tables for Selection and Survival of Greater Sage-grouse Nests and Broods in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada Rasters and Tables for Selection and Survival of Greater Sage-grouse Nests and Broods in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada
We demonstrate a quantitative approach to differentiate source and sink habitats at large spatial scales using the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse), an indicator species for sagebrush ecosystems, as a case-study. We evaluated both selection and survival across multiple reproductive life stages (nesting, brood-rearing) in the Bi-State Distinct...
Greater Sage-Grouse Habitat Selection, Survival, Abundance, and Space-Use in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada Greater Sage-Grouse Habitat Selection, Survival, Abundance, and Space-Use in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereinafter sage-grouse) is a sagebrush obligate species and widely considered an indicator species for sagebrush ecosystems and other sagebrush-dependent species (Hanser and Knick, 2011; Prochazka and others, 2023). Sagebrush ecosystems are threatened by a wide range of disturbances and anthropogenic factors, including climate change...
Spatially Explicit Estimates of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Survival, Recruitment, and Rate of Population Change in Nevada, 2013-2021 Spatially Explicit Estimates of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Survival, Recruitment, and Rate of Population Change in Nevada, 2013-2021
These data are the results of a spatially interpolated integrated population model (SIIPM) fit to count and demographic data collected from populations of Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) located in Nevada, U.S.A. during 2013-2021. We used a novel framework, using integrated population models (IPMs), to express demographic relatedness among sampled...
Rasters Representing Greater Sage-grouse Space Use, Habitat Selection, and Survival to Inform Habitat Management (ver. 3.0, September 2025) Rasters Representing Greater Sage-grouse Space Use, Habitat Selection, and Survival to Inform Habitat Management (ver. 3.0, September 2025)
We expanded developed methodology to incorporate habitat selection and survival during reproductive life stages and specific seasons with updated greater sage-grouse location and known fate datasets. We included brood-rearing areas that are understood to be threatened and important for population persistence. We combined predictive habitat map surfaces for each life stage and season with...
Filter Total Items: 29
Integrating multiple indices of habitat quality to inform habitat management for a sagebrush indicator species Integrating multiple indices of habitat quality to inform habitat management for a sagebrush indicator species
Robust science is needed to inform national resource management and policy decisions. Predictive species habitat maps are frequently employed in conservation decision-making but are often based on a single metric representing habitat quality. We outlined a framework that combines multiple spatially explicit indices of potential habitat quality that could be used to identify and...
Authors
Megan Milligan, Peter S. Coates, Shawn O’Neil, Brianne E Brussee, Michael Chenaille, Derek Friend, Kathleen Steele, Justin Small, Timothy Bowden, Arlene Kosic, Katherine Miller, Michael Casazza
The effects of breeding status on common raven movement, home range, and habitat selection The effects of breeding status on common raven movement, home range, and habitat selection
Anthropogenic infrastructure has contributed to increasing common raven (Corvus corax) abundance across the Great Basin region of the United States, particularly in sagebrush ecosystems, where high raven densities are correlated with reduced sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nest survival. Our understanding of how raven reproductive behavior affects sage-grouse nest predation is...
Authors
Julia Brockman, Peter S. Coates, John Tull, Pat Jackson, Shawn O’Neil, Perry Williams
Evaluation of a rapid assessment function to aid monitoring and management of common ravens (Corvus corax) in Washington state Evaluation of a rapid assessment function to aid monitoring and management of common ravens (Corvus corax) in Washington state
Expanding human enterprise leading to resource subsidies for generalist species has resulted in widespread increases in common raven (Corvus corax) populations across the Western U.S. Ravens are an efficient predator and increased population abundance has led to adverse effects to multiple sensitive prey species. In regions where problematic interactions between ravens and their prey...
Authors
Brianne Brussee, Shawn O’Neil, Michael T. Atamian, Colin G. Leingang, Peter Coates
Evaluating the sagebrush conservation design through the lens of a sagebrush indicator species Evaluating the sagebrush conservation design through the lens of a sagebrush indicator species
Sagebrush ecosystems support a suite of unique species such as the emblematic greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage-grouse) but are under increasing pressure from anthropogenic stressors such as annual grass invasion, conifer encroachment, altered wildfire regimes, and land use change. We examined the ability of an ecosystem-based framework for sagebrush conservation, the...
Authors
Brian Prochazka, Carl Lundblad, Kevin E. Doherty, Shawn O’Neil, John Tull, Steve C. Abele, Cameron Aldridge, Peter Coates
Linking resource selection to population performance spatially to identify species' habitat across broad scales: An example of greater sage-grouse in a distinct population segment Linking resource selection to population performance spatially to identify species' habitat across broad scales: An example of greater sage-grouse in a distinct population segment
Management decisions often focus on the habitat selection of marked individuals without considering the contribution to demographic performance in selected habitats. Because habitat selection is not always adaptive, understanding the spatial relationship between habitat selection and demographic performance is critical to management decisions. Mapping both habitat selection and...
Authors
Megan Milligan, Peter Coates, Brianne Brussee, Shawn O’Neil, Steven Mathews, Shawn Espinosa, Katherine Miller, Daniel A. Skalos, Lief Wiechman, Steve Abele, John Boone, Kristie Boatner, Heather Stone, Michael Casazza
Geographic principles applied to population dynamics: A spatially interpolated integrated population model Geographic principles applied to population dynamics: A spatially interpolated integrated population model
A major impediment to wildlife conservation and management, from a quantitative perspective, is dealing with high degrees of uncertainty associated with population estimates. Integrated population models (IPMs) can help alleviate that challenge, but they are often limited to narrow spatial or temporal windows owing to the financial and logistical burdens of acquiring requisite datasets...
Authors
Brian Prochazka, Peter Coates, Shawn O’Neil, Shawn Espinosa, Cameron Aldridge
Code to examine habitat selection and survival of greater sage-grouse in Nevada and northeastern California Code to examine habitat selection and survival of greater sage-grouse in Nevada and northeastern California
This repository centralizes R code used to examine habitat selection and survival of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) during multiple seasons and life stages, utilizing data collected from a wide range of study sites in Nevada and California, USA. The R script "selection_model.R" provides code for a GLMM framework with regularization within a Bayesian modeling environment...
Code for Population and survival models of greater sage-grouse to investigate effects of precipitation and drought in the Great Basin, USA Code for Population and survival models of greater sage-grouse to investigate effects of precipitation and drought in the Great Basin, USA
This repository includes R code to run nest, brood, and adult hierarchical logistic exposure models, used for analyzing survival responses of Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) to a suite of environmental covariates, with emphasis on precipitation and/or drought effects. An example population state-space model (the top model according to WAIC; see manuscript results and...
Code for a spatially interpolated integrated population model applied to simulations of spatially autocorrelated Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population data Code for a spatially interpolated integrated population model applied to simulations of spatially autocorrelated Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population data
This repository contains R code to: 1. Simulate spatially autocorrelated count and demographic data for 10 populations using mean and process variance estimates from a long-term (1938–2011), range-wide meta-analysis of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population dynamics (Taylor et al., 2012). 2. Fit a spatially interpolated integrated population model (SIIPM) to the...
Code for a hierarchical model of raven densities linked with sage-grouse nest survival to help guide management of subsidized avian predators, version 1.0 Code for a hierarchical model of raven densities linked with sage-grouse nest survival to help guide management of subsidized avian predators, version 1.0
This repository includes R code to conduct hierarchical density surface modeling of common raven (Corvus corax) point count data and hierarchical shared frailty modeling of Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nest fates. The model components are quantitatively linked, such that estimates of raven density from the hierarchical distance sampling component are spatially...
Science-based Management of Ravens Tool (SMaRT) Science-based Management of Ravens Tool (SMaRT)
The Science-based Management of Ravens Tool (SMaRT) supports a science-based adaptive management framework that incorporates recent quantitative analyses and mapping products for addressing areas with elevated common raven (Corvus corax) numbers and minimizing potential adverse impacts to sensitive species, agricultural damage, and human safety (Dettenmaier et al. 2021). This is a web...
Science and Products
Mapping wild horse densities across broad landscapes of the Western United States
Researchers at USGS are using historical wild horse survey and monitoring records to conduct a study of horse density across sagebrush ecosystems of the western United States. Researchers will develop generalized density maps for the species that will enhance concurrent evaluations into the ecological effects of wild horse populations.
Estimating spatial variation in greater sage-grouse lek buffers using seasonal space use models
Greater sage-grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus) management relies on the identification and protection of core habitat for the species. Core areas are often centered on leks where the potential impacts of anthropogenic development and other disturbances can be evaluated based on buffer distances around active leks. While buffer distances have been quantified for some regions, sage-grouse space...
Influence of future climate scenarios on habitat and population dynamics of greater sage-grouse
Sagebrush ecosystems and sagebrush-dependent wildlife species are likely to experience more frequent extreme drought and temperature conditions with changing climate. Greater sage-grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus), an indicator species in sagebrush ecosystems, may experience habitat and population losses that are increasingly exacerbated by current and future climate change. However, the direct...
Wild horse and livestock influences on vegetation and wildlife in sagebrush ecosystems: Implications for refining and validating Appropriate Management Level (AML)
USGS researchers are conducting a comprehensive study of wild horse and livestock records across the greater sage-grouse range to investigate impacts on vegetation and wildlife (specifically, sage-grouse and songbirds). Researchers will use these results to evaluate Appropriate Management Levels for wild horse and burros, and projections of vegetation productivity under changing conditions.
Filter Total Items: 20
Greater Sage-Grouse Survival Encounter Histories and Counts in Association with Precipitation, Temperature, and Drought in the Great Basin, USA Greater Sage-Grouse Survival Encounter Histories and Counts in Association with Precipitation, Temperature, and Drought in the Great Basin, USA
A suite of tables filled with greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage-grouse) survival data and environmental covariate values, extracted to sage-grouse nest, brood, and general locations, as well as lek locations. We quantified 8 indicators of temperature and/or moisture conditions across time spans representing lags of 0-1.5 years, while accounting for other...
Communication Towers across the Greater Sage-Grouse Range Communication Towers across the Greater Sage-Grouse Range
We compiled and verified a dataset which represents a comprehensive inventory of communication tower infrastructure across the range of the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) from 1990 to 2023. Our dataset is an annual spatial time series product that allows users to visualize, assess, and analyze tower locations and duration (i.e., including date of construction through...
Rasters and Tables for Selection and Survival of Greater Sage-grouse Nests and Broods in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada Rasters and Tables for Selection and Survival of Greater Sage-grouse Nests and Broods in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada
We demonstrate a quantitative approach to differentiate source and sink habitats at large spatial scales using the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse), an indicator species for sagebrush ecosystems, as a case-study. We evaluated both selection and survival across multiple reproductive life stages (nesting, brood-rearing) in the Bi-State Distinct...
Greater Sage-Grouse Habitat Selection, Survival, Abundance, and Space-Use in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada Greater Sage-Grouse Habitat Selection, Survival, Abundance, and Space-Use in the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment of California and Nevada
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereinafter sage-grouse) is a sagebrush obligate species and widely considered an indicator species for sagebrush ecosystems and other sagebrush-dependent species (Hanser and Knick, 2011; Prochazka and others, 2023). Sagebrush ecosystems are threatened by a wide range of disturbances and anthropogenic factors, including climate change...
Spatially Explicit Estimates of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Survival, Recruitment, and Rate of Population Change in Nevada, 2013-2021 Spatially Explicit Estimates of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Survival, Recruitment, and Rate of Population Change in Nevada, 2013-2021
These data are the results of a spatially interpolated integrated population model (SIIPM) fit to count and demographic data collected from populations of Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) located in Nevada, U.S.A. during 2013-2021. We used a novel framework, using integrated population models (IPMs), to express demographic relatedness among sampled...
Rasters Representing Greater Sage-grouse Space Use, Habitat Selection, and Survival to Inform Habitat Management (ver. 3.0, September 2025) Rasters Representing Greater Sage-grouse Space Use, Habitat Selection, and Survival to Inform Habitat Management (ver. 3.0, September 2025)
We expanded developed methodology to incorporate habitat selection and survival during reproductive life stages and specific seasons with updated greater sage-grouse location and known fate datasets. We included brood-rearing areas that are understood to be threatened and important for population persistence. We combined predictive habitat map surfaces for each life stage and season with...
Filter Total Items: 29
Integrating multiple indices of habitat quality to inform habitat management for a sagebrush indicator species Integrating multiple indices of habitat quality to inform habitat management for a sagebrush indicator species
Robust science is needed to inform national resource management and policy decisions. Predictive species habitat maps are frequently employed in conservation decision-making but are often based on a single metric representing habitat quality. We outlined a framework that combines multiple spatially explicit indices of potential habitat quality that could be used to identify and...
Authors
Megan Milligan, Peter S. Coates, Shawn O’Neil, Brianne E Brussee, Michael Chenaille, Derek Friend, Kathleen Steele, Justin Small, Timothy Bowden, Arlene Kosic, Katherine Miller, Michael Casazza
The effects of breeding status on common raven movement, home range, and habitat selection The effects of breeding status on common raven movement, home range, and habitat selection
Anthropogenic infrastructure has contributed to increasing common raven (Corvus corax) abundance across the Great Basin region of the United States, particularly in sagebrush ecosystems, where high raven densities are correlated with reduced sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nest survival. Our understanding of how raven reproductive behavior affects sage-grouse nest predation is...
Authors
Julia Brockman, Peter S. Coates, John Tull, Pat Jackson, Shawn O’Neil, Perry Williams
Evaluation of a rapid assessment function to aid monitoring and management of common ravens (Corvus corax) in Washington state Evaluation of a rapid assessment function to aid monitoring and management of common ravens (Corvus corax) in Washington state
Expanding human enterprise leading to resource subsidies for generalist species has resulted in widespread increases in common raven (Corvus corax) populations across the Western U.S. Ravens are an efficient predator and increased population abundance has led to adverse effects to multiple sensitive prey species. In regions where problematic interactions between ravens and their prey...
Authors
Brianne Brussee, Shawn O’Neil, Michael T. Atamian, Colin G. Leingang, Peter Coates
Evaluating the sagebrush conservation design through the lens of a sagebrush indicator species Evaluating the sagebrush conservation design through the lens of a sagebrush indicator species
Sagebrush ecosystems support a suite of unique species such as the emblematic greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage-grouse) but are under increasing pressure from anthropogenic stressors such as annual grass invasion, conifer encroachment, altered wildfire regimes, and land use change. We examined the ability of an ecosystem-based framework for sagebrush conservation, the...
Authors
Brian Prochazka, Carl Lundblad, Kevin E. Doherty, Shawn O’Neil, John Tull, Steve C. Abele, Cameron Aldridge, Peter Coates
Linking resource selection to population performance spatially to identify species' habitat across broad scales: An example of greater sage-grouse in a distinct population segment Linking resource selection to population performance spatially to identify species' habitat across broad scales: An example of greater sage-grouse in a distinct population segment
Management decisions often focus on the habitat selection of marked individuals without considering the contribution to demographic performance in selected habitats. Because habitat selection is not always adaptive, understanding the spatial relationship between habitat selection and demographic performance is critical to management decisions. Mapping both habitat selection and...
Authors
Megan Milligan, Peter Coates, Brianne Brussee, Shawn O’Neil, Steven Mathews, Shawn Espinosa, Katherine Miller, Daniel A. Skalos, Lief Wiechman, Steve Abele, John Boone, Kristie Boatner, Heather Stone, Michael Casazza
Geographic principles applied to population dynamics: A spatially interpolated integrated population model Geographic principles applied to population dynamics: A spatially interpolated integrated population model
A major impediment to wildlife conservation and management, from a quantitative perspective, is dealing with high degrees of uncertainty associated with population estimates. Integrated population models (IPMs) can help alleviate that challenge, but they are often limited to narrow spatial or temporal windows owing to the financial and logistical burdens of acquiring requisite datasets...
Authors
Brian Prochazka, Peter Coates, Shawn O’Neil, Shawn Espinosa, Cameron Aldridge
Code to examine habitat selection and survival of greater sage-grouse in Nevada and northeastern California Code to examine habitat selection and survival of greater sage-grouse in Nevada and northeastern California
This repository centralizes R code used to examine habitat selection and survival of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) during multiple seasons and life stages, utilizing data collected from a wide range of study sites in Nevada and California, USA. The R script "selection_model.R" provides code for a GLMM framework with regularization within a Bayesian modeling environment...
Code for Population and survival models of greater sage-grouse to investigate effects of precipitation and drought in the Great Basin, USA Code for Population and survival models of greater sage-grouse to investigate effects of precipitation and drought in the Great Basin, USA
This repository includes R code to run nest, brood, and adult hierarchical logistic exposure models, used for analyzing survival responses of Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) to a suite of environmental covariates, with emphasis on precipitation and/or drought effects. An example population state-space model (the top model according to WAIC; see manuscript results and...
Code for a spatially interpolated integrated population model applied to simulations of spatially autocorrelated Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population data Code for a spatially interpolated integrated population model applied to simulations of spatially autocorrelated Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population data
This repository contains R code to: 1. Simulate spatially autocorrelated count and demographic data for 10 populations using mean and process variance estimates from a long-term (1938–2011), range-wide meta-analysis of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population dynamics (Taylor et al., 2012). 2. Fit a spatially interpolated integrated population model (SIIPM) to the...
Code for a hierarchical model of raven densities linked with sage-grouse nest survival to help guide management of subsidized avian predators, version 1.0 Code for a hierarchical model of raven densities linked with sage-grouse nest survival to help guide management of subsidized avian predators, version 1.0
This repository includes R code to conduct hierarchical density surface modeling of common raven (Corvus corax) point count data and hierarchical shared frailty modeling of Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) nest fates. The model components are quantitatively linked, such that estimates of raven density from the hierarchical distance sampling component are spatially...
Science-based Management of Ravens Tool (SMaRT) Science-based Management of Ravens Tool (SMaRT)
The Science-based Management of Ravens Tool (SMaRT) supports a science-based adaptive management framework that incorporates recent quantitative analyses and mapping products for addressing areas with elevated common raven (Corvus corax) numbers and minimizing potential adverse impacts to sensitive species, agricultural damage, and human safety (Dettenmaier et al. 2021). This is a web...