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USGS hydrologic technician stands in waist-high waters of a flooded Santa Maria River while taking streamflow measurements
Santa Maria River Flooding
Santa Maria River Flooding
Santa Maria River Flooding

A USGS hydrologic technician takes streamflow measurements during flooding of the Sisquoc River, a tributary of the Santa Maria River, near the town of Garey in Santa Barbara County. 

A USGS hydrologic technician takes streamflow measurements during flooding of the Sisquoc River, a tributary of the Santa Maria River, near the town of Garey in Santa Barbara County. 

USGS scientist standing with a pole annotated with land-surface elevation marks at given years at bench mark W 990.
Land Subsidence near El Nido, CA
Land Subsidence near El Nido, CA
Land Subsidence near El Nido, CA

National Geodetic Survey vertical control bench mark W990 CADWR in Merced County, California. W 990 CADWR is on the Mariposa Bypass Bridge on Washington Rd. This is one of several bench mark locations used to help measure the largest recent subsidence in the area using repeat surveys.

National Geodetic Survey vertical control bench mark W990 CADWR in Merced County, California. W 990 CADWR is on the Mariposa Bypass Bridge on Washington Rd. This is one of several bench mark locations used to help measure the largest recent subsidence in the area using repeat surveys.

USGS scientist standing with a pole annotated with land-surface elevation marks at given years at bench mark H 1235 RESET.
Land Subsidence near El Nido, CA
Land Subsidence near El Nido, CA
Land Subsidence near El Nido, CA

National Geodetic Survey vertical control bench mark H1235 RESET in Merced County, California. H 1235 RESET is in the median of State Highway 15. This is one of several bench mark locations used to help measure the largest recent subsidence in the area using repeat surveys.

National Geodetic Survey vertical control bench mark H1235 RESET in Merced County, California. H 1235 RESET is in the median of State Highway 15. This is one of several bench mark locations used to help measure the largest recent subsidence in the area using repeat surveys.

Invasive Aquatic Vegetation
Invasive water primrose
Invasive water primrose
Invasive water primrose

Invasive water primrose (Ludwigia species) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) line the marsh edge in Mandeville Cut near the Port of Stockton, California’s third largest port.  Invasive aquatic vegetation – dominated by Brazilian waterweed, water hyacinth, and water primrose – has increased exponentially in recent years, cloggi

Invasive water primrose (Ludwigia species) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) line the marsh edge in Mandeville Cut near the Port of Stockton, California’s third largest port.  Invasive aquatic vegetation – dominated by Brazilian waterweed, water hyacinth, and water primrose – has increased exponentially in recent years, cloggi

a woman pulls vegetation out of the water with a rake
Invasive Brazilian Waterweed, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
Invasive Brazilian Waterweed, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
Invasive Brazilian Waterweed, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

Landscape ecologist Shruti Khanna uses a threshing rake to collect Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa) in the Delta. The USGS is conducting research to measure the impact of invasive aquatic vegetation on sediment transport, turbidity, and marsh accretion rates in Delta. 

Landscape ecologist Shruti Khanna uses a threshing rake to collect Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa) in the Delta. The USGS is conducting research to measure the impact of invasive aquatic vegetation on sediment transport, turbidity, and marsh accretion rates in Delta. 

delta waters with a significant amount of floating vegetation
Invasive Aquatic Vegetation, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
Invasive Aquatic Vegetation, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
Invasive Aquatic Vegetation, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

Invasive aquatic vegetation chokes Lindsey Slough, creating a potentially challenging environment for fish and other aquatic life. The slough is the site of a 2014 restoration project in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to improve freshwater tidal marsh and spawning habitat for Delta smelt and other fish.

Invasive aquatic vegetation chokes Lindsey Slough, creating a potentially challenging environment for fish and other aquatic life. The slough is the site of a 2014 restoration project in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to improve freshwater tidal marsh and spawning habitat for Delta smelt and other fish.

USGS and USBR workers discuss important issues
USGS and USBR workers discuss important issues
USGS and USBR workers discuss important issues
USGS and USBR workers discuss important issues

USGS and USBR workers discuss important issues.

Map of the San Joaquin Valley displaying contours of land subsidence that occurred from 2008 to 2010.
2008-2010 Land Subsidence Contours, San Joaquin Valley, California
2008-2010 Land Subsidence Contours, San Joaquin Valley, California
2008-2010 Land Subsidence Contours, San Joaquin Valley, California

Land subsidence contours showing vertical changes in land surface in the central San Joaquin Valley area, California, during January 8, 2008-January 13, 2010. The top graph illustrates elevation changes computed from repeat geodetic surveys along Highway 152 for 1972-2004.

Land subsidence contours showing vertical changes in land surface in the central San Joaquin Valley area, California, during January 8, 2008-January 13, 2010. The top graph illustrates elevation changes computed from repeat geodetic surveys along Highway 152 for 1972-2004.

map of San Joaquin Valley shaded by 2008-2010 subsidence in millimeters
Subsidence (2008-2010), San Joaquin Valley, California
Subsidence (2008-2010), San Joaquin Valley, California
Subsidence (2008-2010), San Joaquin Valley, California

Map showing estimated regions of subsidence derived from interferograms for 2008–2010 and selected surface-water conveyance infrastructure in the San Joaquin Valley area of the Central Valley, California.

Map showing estimated regions of subsidence derived from interferograms for 2008–2010 and selected surface-water conveyance infrastructure in the San Joaquin Valley area of the Central Valley, California.

Two USGS Hydrologists taking water sample
Discover the great things going on in the Bay-Delta
Discover the great things going on in the Bay-Delta
Discover the great things going on in the Bay-Delta

Two USGS Hydrologists taking water sample

charred, bare trees on a mountain side
El Dorado National Forest after the 2014 King Fire
El Dorado National Forest after the 2014 King Fire
El Dorado National Forest after the 2014 King Fire

The 2014 King Fire burned 97,717 acres in the El Dorado National Forest and on private timberlands. The fires in these burn areas reduce the forest canopy, exposing snowpack to direct sunlight. This increases the rate of snowmelt and evaporation, impacting runoff and groundwater replenishment.

The 2014 King Fire burned 97,717 acres in the El Dorado National Forest and on private timberlands. The fires in these burn areas reduce the forest canopy, exposing snowpack to direct sunlight. This increases the rate of snowmelt and evaporation, impacting runoff and groundwater replenishment.

Large sunflower with bees
Sunflower with Bees
Sunflower with Bees
Sunflower with Bees

In a field in northern California, seen here is a sunflower with several bees. Bees are drawn to sunflowers for several compelling reasons, and understanding this attraction sheds light on both the nature of bees and the characteristics of sunflowers.

In a field in northern California, seen here is a sunflower with several bees. Bees are drawn to sunflowers for several compelling reasons, and understanding this attraction sheds light on both the nature of bees and the characteristics of sunflowers.

Staff Profile Picture: Justin K. Clause
Staff Profile Picture: Justin K. Clause
Staff Profile Picture: Justin K. Clause
Staff Profile Picture: Justin K. Clause

Uroplatus henkeli, Leaf Tailed Gecko Group. Female

Scientist sample for suspended sediment by boat near the Golden Gate Bridge on a calm sunny day.
Measuring suspended sediment in San Francisco Bay
Measuring suspended sediment in San Francisco Bay
Measuring suspended sediment in San Francisco Bay

USGS researchers collect water samples from the Research Vessel Dorah Henry to measure suspended sediment concentration in Central San Francisco Bay. Samples were collected using a D-96 sampler that collects samples over the entire depth of the water column allowing for a  depth-integrated sample.

USGS researchers collect water samples from the Research Vessel Dorah Henry to measure suspended sediment concentration in Central San Francisco Bay. Samples were collected using a D-96 sampler that collects samples over the entire depth of the water column allowing for a  depth-integrated sample.

A buckle in the concrete lining of the Delta-Mendota canal.
Land Subsidence Along the Delta-Mendota Canal
Land Subsidence Along the Delta-Mendota Canal
Land Subsidence Along the Delta-Mendota Canal

Reduced surface-water availability (associated with droughts) during 1976-77, 1986-92, 2007-09, and 2012-current caused groundwater-pumping increases, water-level declines to near or beyond historic lows, and renewed aquifer compaction.

Reduced surface-water availability (associated with droughts) during 1976-77, 1986-92, 2007-09, and 2012-current caused groundwater-pumping increases, water-level declines to near or beyond historic lows, and renewed aquifer compaction.

Dr. Judith Drexler taking core sample
Dr. Judith Drexler taking core sample
Dr. Judith Drexler taking core sample
Dr. Judith Drexler taking core sample

Dr. Judith Drexler, taking core sample at Six Gill Slough, Puget Sound, Washington

Dr. Judith Drexler, taking core sample at Six Gill Slough, Puget Sound, Washington

Image: Microcystis aeruginosa Microscopic View
Microcystis aeruginosa Microscopic View
Microcystis aeruginosa Microscopic View
Microcystis aeruginosa Microscopic View

Microcystis is one of the most common bloom-forming cyanobacteria, AKA, blue-green algae.  Many strains of this species produce a family of potent liver toxins, the microcystins.

Microcystis is one of the most common bloom-forming cyanobacteria, AKA, blue-green algae.  Many strains of this species produce a family of potent liver toxins, the microcystins.

Tubes used for collecting groundwater samples protruding from a nested groundwater well
Groundwater Sampling
Groundwater Sampling
Groundwater Sampling

A groundwater well that is outfitted with equipment to collect samples to test for several water quality parameters.

A groundwater well that is outfitted with equipment to collect samples to test for several water quality parameters.

USGS staff with Hinkley Technical Advisory Group Members
USGS staff with Hinkley Technical Advisory Group Members
USGS staff with Hinkley Technical Advisory Group Members
USGS staff with Hinkley Technical Advisory Group Members

Scientists from the USGS meet with members of the Hinkley Technical Advisory Group. In this photo USGS researchers demonstrate an X-Ray fluorescence meter. (Image courtesy of Project Navigator.)

Scientists from the USGS meet with members of the Hinkley Technical Advisory Group. In this photo USGS researchers demonstrate an X-Ray fluorescence meter. (Image courtesy of Project Navigator.)

USGS hydrologists collects a groundwater sample pumped through a hose into a bottle
Groundwater Sampling in Hinkley, CA
Groundwater Sampling in Hinkley, CA
Groundwater Sampling in Hinkley, CA

USGS hydrologist, Carmen Burton, collects a groundwater sample from a well in Hinkley, CA. The samples are being collected as part of a study analysing the occurrance of hexavalent chromium in groundwater. 

USGS hydrologist, Carmen Burton, collects a groundwater sample from a well in Hinkley, CA. The samples are being collected as part of a study analysing the occurrance of hexavalent chromium in groundwater. 

Diagram showing the relation between surface and subsurface processes with linkage to land subsidence.
Landscape and Subsurface After Land Subsidence (MODFLOW-OWHM)
Landscape and Subsurface After Land Subsidence (MODFLOW-OWHM)
Landscape and Subsurface After Land Subsidence (MODFLOW-OWHM)

Post-subsidence diagram showing the relation between surface and subsurface processes with linkage to land subsidence. The linkages to subsidence deformation are briefly summarized for surface-water, landscape and groundwater flow processes.

Post-subsidence diagram showing the relation between surface and subsurface processes with linkage to land subsidence. The linkages to subsidence deformation are briefly summarized for surface-water, landscape and groundwater flow processes.