An official website of the United States government
Here's how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock () or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
The purpose of the Program is to develop a sound understanding of the potential for development of potable groundwater supply in selected African countries and build local capacity to plan and conduct the hydrologic investigations and monitoring necessary to help ensure that groundwater resources are developed and managed efficiently and sustainably.
Turkana and Marsabit Counties Study Area
Groundwater Exploration in Northwest Kenya, Turkana and Marsabit Counties: Groundwater Potential Mapping, Hydrogeology, Economic Assessment, and Capacity Building
The U.S. Geological Survey is assisting the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in implementing the Program by:
Working with local professionals to utilize remote sensing data and technology and other hydrologic information to map potential groundwater resources and conduct hydrogeologic assessments in selected areas in Africa, including areas that total 165,000 km²; 57,000 km² in the Somali region of Ethiopia, and 41,000 km² in Turkana, and 67,000 km² in Marsabit Counties in Kenya; and
Training staff from the associated governments, including Government of Ethiopia (GOE) and Government of Kenya (GOK), regional and county governments, as well as nongovernmental organizations, on how to collect and interpret high quality groundwater information.
The results from the USGS study in Ethiopia and Kenya directly support the USAID Lowland Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Activity (Lowland WASH) by helping to increase the efficiency of drilling potential high-yield water wells and laying the foundation for future investment in productive, multi-use water systems. Following analysis of the data compiled and fieldwork, the USGS will work with Program partners to map and describe the geology, geomorphology, and hydrologic aspects of the project areas. This information will help the governments of Kenya and Ethiopia to sustainably manage and develop groundwater resources and combat and mitigate the devastating effects of drought. The Program’s capacity building component, will increase the number of African experts who can independently assess, develop, and manage their country’s water resources.
Richard Kropp, director of the New Jersey Water Science Center and Martin Mulango, Water Resource Specialist for the US Agency for International Development posing with banners for the combined efforts in Ethiopia and Kenya.
Phase 2: Data acquisition, preliminary analysis, integration, and interpretation.
Acquisition, compilation, processing, and initial-interpretation of remotely-sensed data and ground-based data for use in interpretive analysis.
Preliminary concepts of hydrogeologic systems and groundwater flow will be used to develop a conceptual model and water budget which will illustrate recharge areas, flow directions, geologic boundaries, permeability distribution, and water-quality characteristics.
Relations between remotely-sensed data and ground-based information will be explored in coordination with technical working groups.
Key relations and concepts will be used to develop methods for spatial interpretation and mapping of groundwater potential.
Methods will be developed and applied in an open, transparent, and reproducible manner to produce preliminary mapping of groundwater potential and other intermediate map products. < Read more at USAID >
Workshops with the technical working groups will be conducted by the USGS to provide opportunities for technology transfer.
Processed SRTM radar image of Sothern Turkana and Marsabit Counties in Kenya. (Public domain.)
Phase 3: Targeted field data acquisition and database development.
Develop plans for field hydrogeologic investigations based on results of Phase 2 data acquisition and analysis and identified data gaps.
Evaluate groundwater resources of selected areas with respect to potential yield, sustainability, suitability for potable supply or other uses, and possible measures for supply enhancement.
Phase 4: Refined data analysis and final interpretation, including hydrologic modeling.
Collaborative analysis of Phase 3 field data with technical working groups to re-evaluate conceptual models and remotely-sensed data interpretations.
Develop aquifer potentiometric surface maps to characterize flow directions and refine recharge area and water-budget concepts.
Conceptual models will be revised to reflect new knowledge of recharge areas, flow directions, geologic boundaries, permeability distribution, and water-quality characteristics.
Develop groundwater-flow model of the project area will be developed to represent the best understanding of flow-system concepts and characteristics.
The model will be used to estimate sustainable levels of water-supply development.
Workshops with members of the technical working group will be conducted to facilitate information sharing.
Phase 5: Documentation, database archival, information delivery, and training.
Flowchart depicting the approach for mapping groundwater potential. (Public domain.)
All data, including georeferenced datasets and metadata, collected and generated through the activity, will be documented and stored in appropriate databases readily accessible and/or transferable by country professionals to established databases.
Methods of data acquisition and analyses, resulting interpretations and conclusions will be documented in reports and presentations.
Interpretive reports will provide sufficient detail to ensure that all data used in the interpretations are clearly presented and that the results are reproducible.
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of potential of groundwater resources in the Athi and Tana...
Groundwater Exploration in Northwest Kenya, Athi and Tana River Basins
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of potential of groundwater resources in the Athi and Tana...
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of the potential of groundwater resources in southern Turkana...
Groundwater Exploration in Northwest Kenya, Turkana and Marsabit Counties: Groundwater Potential Mapping, Hydrogeology, Economic Assessment, and Capacity Building
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of the potential of groundwater resources in southern Turkana...
The purpose of the Program is to develop a sound understanding of the potential for development of potable groundwater supply in selected African countries and build local capacity to plan and conduct the hydrologic investigations and monitoring necessary to help ensure that groundwater resources are developed and managed efficiently and sustainably.
Turkana and Marsabit Counties Study Area
Groundwater Exploration in Northwest Kenya, Turkana and Marsabit Counties: Groundwater Potential Mapping, Hydrogeology, Economic Assessment, and Capacity Building
The U.S. Geological Survey is assisting the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in implementing the Program by:
Working with local professionals to utilize remote sensing data and technology and other hydrologic information to map potential groundwater resources and conduct hydrogeologic assessments in selected areas in Africa, including areas that total 165,000 km²; 57,000 km² in the Somali region of Ethiopia, and 41,000 km² in Turkana, and 67,000 km² in Marsabit Counties in Kenya; and
Training staff from the associated governments, including Government of Ethiopia (GOE) and Government of Kenya (GOK), regional and county governments, as well as nongovernmental organizations, on how to collect and interpret high quality groundwater information.
The results from the USGS study in Ethiopia and Kenya directly support the USAID Lowland Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Activity (Lowland WASH) by helping to increase the efficiency of drilling potential high-yield water wells and laying the foundation for future investment in productive, multi-use water systems. Following analysis of the data compiled and fieldwork, the USGS will work with Program partners to map and describe the geology, geomorphology, and hydrologic aspects of the project areas. This information will help the governments of Kenya and Ethiopia to sustainably manage and develop groundwater resources and combat and mitigate the devastating effects of drought. The Program’s capacity building component, will increase the number of African experts who can independently assess, develop, and manage their country’s water resources.
Richard Kropp, director of the New Jersey Water Science Center and Martin Mulango, Water Resource Specialist for the US Agency for International Development posing with banners for the combined efforts in Ethiopia and Kenya.
Phase 2: Data acquisition, preliminary analysis, integration, and interpretation.
Acquisition, compilation, processing, and initial-interpretation of remotely-sensed data and ground-based data for use in interpretive analysis.
Preliminary concepts of hydrogeologic systems and groundwater flow will be used to develop a conceptual model and water budget which will illustrate recharge areas, flow directions, geologic boundaries, permeability distribution, and water-quality characteristics.
Relations between remotely-sensed data and ground-based information will be explored in coordination with technical working groups.
Key relations and concepts will be used to develop methods for spatial interpretation and mapping of groundwater potential.
Methods will be developed and applied in an open, transparent, and reproducible manner to produce preliminary mapping of groundwater potential and other intermediate map products. < Read more at USAID >
Workshops with the technical working groups will be conducted by the USGS to provide opportunities for technology transfer.
Processed SRTM radar image of Sothern Turkana and Marsabit Counties in Kenya. (Public domain.)
Phase 3: Targeted field data acquisition and database development.
Develop plans for field hydrogeologic investigations based on results of Phase 2 data acquisition and analysis and identified data gaps.
Evaluate groundwater resources of selected areas with respect to potential yield, sustainability, suitability for potable supply or other uses, and possible measures for supply enhancement.
Phase 4: Refined data analysis and final interpretation, including hydrologic modeling.
Collaborative analysis of Phase 3 field data with technical working groups to re-evaluate conceptual models and remotely-sensed data interpretations.
Develop aquifer potentiometric surface maps to characterize flow directions and refine recharge area and water-budget concepts.
Conceptual models will be revised to reflect new knowledge of recharge areas, flow directions, geologic boundaries, permeability distribution, and water-quality characteristics.
Develop groundwater-flow model of the project area will be developed to represent the best understanding of flow-system concepts and characteristics.
The model will be used to estimate sustainable levels of water-supply development.
Workshops with members of the technical working group will be conducted to facilitate information sharing.
Phase 5: Documentation, database archival, information delivery, and training.
Flowchart depicting the approach for mapping groundwater potential. (Public domain.)
All data, including georeferenced datasets and metadata, collected and generated through the activity, will be documented and stored in appropriate databases readily accessible and/or transferable by country professionals to established databases.
Methods of data acquisition and analyses, resulting interpretations and conclusions will be documented in reports and presentations.
Interpretive reports will provide sufficient detail to ensure that all data used in the interpretations are clearly presented and that the results are reproducible.
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of potential of groundwater resources in the Athi and Tana...
Groundwater Exploration in Northwest Kenya, Athi and Tana River Basins
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of potential of groundwater resources in the Athi and Tana...
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of the potential of groundwater resources in southern Turkana...
Groundwater Exploration in Northwest Kenya, Turkana and Marsabit Counties: Groundwater Potential Mapping, Hydrogeology, Economic Assessment, and Capacity Building
The US Geological Survey collaborated with Northern Arizona University and New Mexico State University in a project funded by the United States Agency for International Development-Kenya and East Africa Mission to investigate the use of satellite image data, along with hydrological and geological data sets, to research and develop maps of the potential of groundwater resources in southern Turkana...