Two independent sampling methods were used to collect genetic samples from grizzly bears (Ursus arctos): (i) hair trapscorrals of barbed wire with lure in the center systematically distributed using an 8 x 8 km (1998, 2000) or 7 x 7 km (2004) grid and (ii) bear rubsnaturally occurring trees or other objects that bears rub on fitted with barbed wire (19982000, 2004, and 20092012). From 1998 to 2000