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Timelapse camera and webcam images of the fissure 8 lava flow during the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi Timelapse camera and webcam images of the fissure 8 lava flow during the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi
The 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, was one of the most destructive effusive eruptions worldwide in the past century, destroying over 700 structures (Neal and others, 2019; Meredith and others, 2022). Between May and September 2018, a total of 24 fissures opened, producing a lava flow field with an area of 36 km2. By the end of May, the eruption...
Campaign GPS measurements on the Island of Hawaiʻi collected by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory in 2021 Campaign GPS measurements on the Island of Hawaiʻi collected by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory in 2021
This release includes data collected during campaign GPS surveys at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa Volcanoes on the Island of Hawaiʻi in 2021. It includes data from a total of 63 sites occupied from January 1 to December 31, 2021. For each site, we include its measured raw data in daily files, Receiver INdependent EXchange (RINEX) files for each day, field log sheet(s), and associated metadata...
Airborne lidar survey of St Vincent, Eastern Caribbean, following the 2020-21 eruption of La Soufrière Volcano Airborne lidar survey of St Vincent, Eastern Caribbean, following the 2020-21 eruption of La Soufrière Volcano
La Soufrière Volcano is a 1,220 m high stratovolcano that occupies the northern half of the island of St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles, Eastern Caribbean. It has a long history of explosive and sometimes devastating eruptions. Beginning in December 2020 and ending in April 2021, La Soufrière Volcano produced a Volcano Explosivity Index (VEI) 4 eruption that greatly impacted the landscape...
Geochemical data for the Pacheco stage tephra-fall deposits from Misti volcano, Arequipa, Peru Geochemical data for the Pacheco stage tephra-fall deposits from Misti volcano, Arequipa, Peru
These data are derived from pumice and scoria from Pacheco stage (as defined by Harpel et al., 2021) tephra-fall deposits (TFD) emplaced between
Digital elevation model of the lava dome in the crater of Mount St. Helens on October 20, 1988 Digital elevation model of the lava dome in the crater of Mount St. Helens on October 20, 1988
The catastrophic, explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, on May 18, 1980, is the most well-known eruption of the volcano. Less well known is the May 18th eruption marked the beginning of a period of eruptive activity that lasted through 1986. From October 1980 through October 1986, a series of 17 dome-building episodes added millions of cubic meters of lava to the crater...
Electron microprobe geochemical data for glass from the Khonkho tephra Electron microprobe geochemical data for glass from the Khonkho tephra
These data are presented to geochemically characterize glass from the informally named Khonkho tephra, an ashfall deposit that crops out at the Khonkho Wankane archaeological site in Jesus de Machaca, Bolivia. The Khonkho tephra appears to have been emplaced by a major explosive eruption from a currently unknown volcanic source. The unit forms a marker bed at an archaeologically...
Data from temperature measurements in research drill hole Y-7, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park Data from temperature measurements in research drill hole Y-7, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
Active thermal areas in Yellowstone National Park provide insight into a variety of hydrothermal processes occurring at depth, such as water-rock interactions, the formation of alteration minerals, and microbial (thermophile) metabolism in extreme environments. Research drill hole Y-7 (44°29'8.74", -110°51'7.67") is one of 13 holes completed by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1967 and 1968...
Digital elevation model of Mount St. Helens, Washington and vicinity prior to the 1980 eruption Digital elevation model of Mount St. Helens, Washington and vicinity prior to the 1980 eruption
On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens, Washington, exploded in a spectacular and devastating eruption that resulted in previously unimaginable events that drastically altered the mountain and the surrounding area. One unprecedented event was the collapse of the summit and north flank of the volcano forming a huge landslide known as the ‘debris avalanche’ with a total volume of about 2.5 km3...
Tiltmeter data from Kīlauea summit stations UWE and SDH from January 1 to December 31, 2020 Tiltmeter data from Kīlauea summit stations UWE and SDH from January 1 to December 31, 2020
Tiltmeter data from borehole tilt stations UWE and SDH from January 1 to December 31, 2020, spanning a Kīlauea summit intrusion and summit eruption that began on December 20, 2020. These data were collected in 2020 by Andria P Ellis and Ingrid A Johanson of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. The authors thank Sarah Conway for conducting the nearly monthly clock resets for these...
Thermal maps of the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi Thermal maps of the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi
The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano included both a large effusive eruption on the lower East Rift Zone and associated collapse and subsidence of the caldera floor at the summit (Anderson and others 2019; Neal and others 2019; Patrick and others 2020). Lava erupted from 24 fissures on the lower East Rift Zone over four months, with high effusion rates (>100 m3 s-1) often supplying lava...
Chronology of recent volcanic activity on the Island of Hawai‘i, Hawaii Chronology of recent volcanic activity on the Island of Hawai‘i, Hawaii
The youngest and largest island in the State of Hawaii—the Island of Hawai‘i—is formed by five volcanoes, three of which have erupted within recent geologic history: Mauna Loa, Kīlauea, and Hualālai. This data release provides a chronology for activity and impacts at Mauna Loa, Kīlauea, and Hualālai over approximately the past two and a half centuries. This data release includes a word...
Ground crack, VLF measurement, and sample vesicularity data for the June 2007 Father's Day eruption, Kīlauea Volcano Ground crack, VLF measurement, and sample vesicularity data for the June 2007 Father's Day eruption, Kīlauea Volcano
An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (~1,525 m3) eruption on the northeast flank of the Kānenuiohamo cone, about 6 km upslope from the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō vent. Electromagnetic profiles using the very-low-frequency (VLF) technique (McNeill and Labson, 1991) were measured along...