Data

The Goat Rocks volcanic complex is a major andesitic locus in the southern Washington Cascade Range that persisted for approximately 3 million years (3.1 Ma to 115 ka) while coeval mafic volcanoes erupted on its periphery (Wall et al., 2018; Wall, 2022). The datasets presented in this data release were collected for a study that focuses on the mantle origin of the mafic magmas and their...

Aerial photography surveys of Iliamna Volcano and the Johnson River in Lake Clark National Park, Alaska, were conducted in late July and early August 2019 by fixed-wing aircraft to generate updated elevation data and high-quality orthoimagery. The surveys were flown by the National Park Service (NPS) Alaska Regional Office (AKRO) in partnership with the United States Geological Survey...

Tiltmeter data from Kīlauea stations (ESC, IKI, JKA, KAE, POC, SDH, SMC, UWE) from January 1 to December 31, 2023. These data were collected in 2023 by Andria P. Ellis of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.

Tiltmeter data from Kīlauea stations (ESC, IKI, JKA, KAE, POC, SDH, UWD, UWE) from January 1 to December 31, 2024. These data were collected in 2024 by Andria P. Ellis of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.

This dataset includes radiocarbon ages, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) major-oxide and trace-element whole-rock analyses, and glass, olivine, and pyroxene analyses by electron microprobe (EPMA) of spatter and lava samples from the summit and Southwest Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi. All of the radiocarbon ages were analyzed by DirectAMS in Bothell...

The catastrophic, explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, on May 18, 1980, is the most well-known eruption of the volcano. Less well known is that the May 18 eruption marked the beginning of a period of eruptive activity that lasted through 1986. Beginning in October 1980, a series of 17 dome-building episodes added millions of cubic meters of lava to the crater floor. Most...

While the timing and composition of the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field’s caldera-forming tuffs and rhyolite flows are well-characterized, the chronology of smaller-volume mafic eruptions is poorly known, thereby limiting our understanding of how mafic magmatism drives rhyolite volcanism, particularly Yellowstone’s large caldera-forming eruptions. To address this gap in knowledge, we...

At least 28 rhyolitic lava flows, domes, and tuffs erupted within Yellowstone caldera following its formation 631 ka. Understanding the timing of intracaldera eruptions is essential for characterizing natural hazards posed by Yellowstone volcano. We present 40Ar/39Ar eruption ages for the Mallard Lake Member and Central Plateau Member of the Plateau Rhyolite, which comprise products from...

Volcanic mass flows, especially lahars and pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are among the most destructive volcanic hazards due to their speed, mobility, and the often-unexpected behavior these flows exhibit as they interact with topography. Mitigation of risk associated with PDCs and other volcanic mass flows depends upon accurate forecasting of magnitude and frequency, potential...

This release includes data collected during campaign GNSS surveys at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa on the Island of Hawaiʻi in 2022. It includes data from a total of 63 sites occupied from January 1 to December 31, 2022. For each site, we include its measured raw data in daily files, Receiver INdependent EXchange (RINEX) files for each day, field log sheet(s), and associated metadata information...

The surface elevation of lava lakes is an important parameter that can provide insight on the underlying magma reservoir pressure as well as outgassing dynamics of the magmatic system (Patrick and others 2019a). Lava lake elevation may also be useful in forecasting potentially hazardous eruptions on a volcano’s flanks (Burgi and others 2014; Patrick and others 2015, 2020). Precise...

The data include video record segments for a period of ~3.5 hours beginning 2016/05/03 at approximately the beginning of the universal time day. Each video record documents 10 active source explosions from three video cameras (30 total video segments). The data are part of an assessment of directed blast dynamics on a surrounding acoustic sensor array. The acoustic data is part of an...