Data

Catalog datasets in support of publication, "A Decade of Precursory Seismicity at Mauna Loa: 2013-2022". The earthquake catalogs begin April 1, 2009 and extend to January 1, 2023. The entire dataset has been generated with the ANSS Quake Management System (AQMS), which has the real-time software package Earthworm at its core. Automated and reviewed locations use the Hypoinverse location program an

Kīlauea Volcano on the Island of Hawai‘i was in a state of nearly continuous eruption from 1983 - 2018. Large amounts of sulfur dioxide gas (SO2) were released from the volcano’s East Rift Zone (ERZ) during the entire eruptive period, and from the Overlook vent at the summit of the volcano from 2008-2018. This data release presents ground-based estimates of SO2 emission rates from the two gas emis

The Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and surrounding region is made up of over 3 billion years of geologic history, with 300+ separate rock types. To increase our understanding of the evolution of this active system and direct priorities for sample collection and field study, we compiled whole rock geochemical datasets from numerous thesis and papers (17 in total). We present these data in a sta

This data release accompanies the publication below, and contains the data used in that publication.   Mastin, L.G., Van Eaton, Alexa R., and Cronin, Shane, in press, Did steam boost the height and growth rate of the giant Hunga eruption plume? Bulletin of Volcanology.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-024-01749-1   Within this data release are two zip files: --Supplementary_tables.zip contains th

On March 19, 2008, an explosive eruption occurred at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano for the first time since 1924. This event marked the beginning of a continuous summit eruption that lasted until the 2018 Kīlauea lower East Rift Zone eruption (Neal and others, 2019). The March 19 explosive eruption excavated a crater approximately 35 meters wide and scattered volcanic tephra over a 30-hectare area

The 2022 eruption of Mauna Loa volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, was the first eruption on the volcano since 1984, producing a 17 km lava flow that threatened a major highway (Mulliken and others 2024; Zoeller and others 2024).  The eruption began with lava fountaining in the summit caldera (Mokuʻāweoweo) at 23:21 HST on November 27, transitioning to vents on the Northeast Rift Zone (NERZ) by the nex

This dataset contains major and trace element compositions for a sample of basalt recovered from Rangitoto Island, New Zealand. Both bulk rock and microanalytical observations are made and presented. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results detail the compositions of individual phases within the basalt including olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, glass, and polyphase microcrystalline

The catastrophic, explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, on May 18, 1980, is the most well-known eruption of the volcano. Less well known is the May 18 eruption marked the beginning of a period of eruptive activity that lasted through 1986. Beginning in October 1980, a series of 17 dome-building episodes added millions of cubic meters of lava to the crater floor. Most of the growth oc

A limited suite of samples for the 2020–2023 Kīlauea eruptions within Kaluapele (the summit caldera) were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) field teams from within a publicly closed area of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park in cooperation with the National Park Service. This data release presents sample metadata, whole rock ED-XRF, whole rock WD-XRF, whole

Tiltmeter data from Kīlauea stations (ESC, IKI, JKA, KAE, POC, SDH, SMC, UWE) from January 1 to December 31, 2022. These data were collected in 2022 by Andria P. Ellis of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.

Tiltmeter data from Kīlauea stations (ESC, IKI, JKA, KAE, POC, POO, SDH, SMC, UWE) from January 1 to December 31, 2021. These data were collected in 2021 by Andria P. Ellis of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. The authors thank Sarah Conway for conducting many of clock resets for these tiltmeters in 2021.

A laser rangefinder was used to record surficial mass movements at Cascades volcanoes and an experimental debris flow flume. Mass movements such as large lahars and smaller seasonal debris flows can occur at volcanoes in the Cascades. A combination of seismic, infrasound, tripwires, and webcams can be used to detect and characterize these flows. A laser rangefinder can be placed on the banks of th