Images

Close-up of just-opened fissure segment at NE tip of propagating fissure. Spatter reaching 5m into the air. Lava just breaking the ground surface to the left.

View looking along recently opened fissure segment crossing tephra flats SW of Pu'u 'O 'o, which is in the background.

View looking at the NE end of the actively propagating fissure. Lava is just breaking the surface in foreground crack.

Ash cloud rising from Pu'u 'O 'o as crater floor collapses due to magma withdrawal. Incandescent rubble can be seen crumbling and rolling down the scarp. The east rim of Pu'u 'O 'o is in the foreground.

New fissure eruption SW of Pu'u 'O 'o between Pu'u 'O 'o and Napau crater. Spatter is reaching 15-20m into the air, above the trees. Pu'u 'O 'o in the background.

View toward the SW of fissure eruption. Fissure segment in forest has shut down. Compare to earlier photos before fissure opened up in tephra.

Close-up of recently opened fissure segment. Spatter reaching about 5m into the air.

Incandescent rubble rolling and sliding down the scarp on the edge of the collapsing crater in Pu'u 'O 'o. A remnant of the pre-collapse crater floor can be seen in the background below the crater's south wall. The east rim of Pu'u 'O 'o is in the foreground.

Close-up of spattering fissure. Lava reaching 10m into the air.

InSAR image Kīlauea, Hawai‘i, Mar. 2011. Kamoamoa fissure trace is indicated by the red line.

As lava entered the sea in July 2008, littoral explosions sent incandescent lava fragments skyward, building a small littoral cone on the flank of Kīlauea. USGS photo by B. Gaddis.

Village of Belacázar, adjacent to the river Paez. Photo taken four years after the 2008 lahar, but the trace of the deposit and destruction is still visible.

Unusually high tides, sometimes called "king tides," offer a preview of coastal flooding likely to result from rising sea level. In this photograph, taken during a king tide on February 17, 2011, waves overtop Pier 14 in San Francisco, California.

Since the opening of the Overlook vent in Halema‘uma‘u Crater in 2008, FTIR spectroscopy has been used to monitor summit eruptive-gas composition. Infrared energy emitted by the lava lake surface (top left) is absorbed by gases present in the path between the instrument and the lak surface.

Thousands were saved by accurate eruption forecasts of Mount Merapi, Indonesia. House in the village of Kopeng, 6 km (3.7 miles) from summit of Mount Merapi, destroyed by the explosive eruption.

SEM Images of ash particles from the 1989 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska.

Blocky, non-vesicular ash particle indicative of water-magma interaction.

An HVO scientist wearing a gas mask collects GPS data using a roving instrument on the west flank of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō. USGS Photo.

Sitka, AK.

Absolutes and variations buildings at Sitka, AK magnetic observatory.

Electronics building at Sitka magnetic observatory Alaska.