Publications
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Effects of wastewater disinfection on waterborne bacteria and viruses Effects of wastewater disinfection on waterborne bacteria and viruses
Wastewater disinfection is practiced with the goal of reducing risks of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. In most circumstances, the efficacy of a wastewater disinfection process is regulated and monitored based on measurements of the responses of indicator bacteria. However, inactivation of indicator bacteria does not guarantee an acceptable degree of inactivation among other
Authors
E. R. Blatchley, W.-L. Gong, J.E. Alleman, J.B. Rose, D.E. Huffman, M. Otaki, J.T. Lisle
Sorted bed forms as self-organized patterns: 2. complex forcing scenarios Sorted bed forms as self-organized patterns: 2. complex forcing scenarios
We employ a numerical model to study the development of sorted bed forms under a variety of hydrodynamic and sedimentary conditions. Results indicate that increased variability in wave height decreases the growth rate of the features and can potentially give rise to complicated, a priori unpredictable, behavior. This happens because the system responds to a change in wave characteristics...
Authors
Giovanni Coco, A. Brad Murray, Malcom O. Green, E. Robert Thieler, T.M. Hume
A circulation modeling approach for evaluating the conditions for shoreline instabilities A circulation modeling approach for evaluating the conditions for shoreline instabilities
Analytical models predict the growth (instability) of shoreline salients when deep-water waves approach the coast from highly oblique angles, contrary to classical shoreline change models in which shoreline salients can only dissipate. Using the process-based wave, circulation, and sediment transport model Delft3D, we test this prediction for simulated bathymetric and wave...
Authors
Jeffrey H. List, Andrew D. Ashton
Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems
Contrary to widely used sequence-stratigraphic models, lowstand fans are only part of the turbidite depositional record; our analysis reveals that a comparable volume of coarse-grained sediment has been deposited in California borderland deep-water basins regardless of sea level. Sedimentation rates and periods of active sediment transport have been determined for deep-water canyon...
Authors
Jacob A. Covault, William R. Normark, Brian W. Romans, Stephan A. Graham
The lakes of Titan The lakes of Titan
The surface of Saturn’s haze-shrouded moon Titan has long been proposed to have oceans or lakes, on the basis of the stability of liquid methane at the surface1,2. Initial visible3 and radar4,5 imaging failed to find any evidence of an ocean, although abundant evidence was found that flowing liquids have existed on the surface5,6. Here we provide definitive evidence for the presence of...
Authors
Ellen R. Stofan, Charles Elachi, Jonathan I. Lunine, Ralf D. Lorenz, B. Stiles, K. L. Mitchell, S. Ostro, Laurence A. Soderblom, C. Wood, H. Zebker, S. Wall, Michael A. Janssen, Randolph L. Kirk, Rosaly Lopes, F. Paganelli, Jani Radebaugh, L. Wye, Y. Anderson, M. Allison, R. Boehmer, P. Callahan, P. Encrenaz, E. Flamini, G. Francescetti, Y. Gim, G. Hamilton, S. Hensley, W.T.K. Johnson, K. Kelleher, D. Muhleman, Philipe Paillou, G. Picardi, F. Posa, L. Roth, R. Seu, S. Shaffer, S. Vetrella, R. West
Hindcasting potential hurricane impacts on rapidly changing barrier islands Hindcasting potential hurricane impacts on rapidly changing barrier islands
Hindcasts of the coastal impact of Hurricane Ivan on Santa Rosa Island, Florida, using a storm-impact scaling model that compares hurricane-induced water levels to local dune morphology, were found to have an accuracy of 68% in predicting the occurrence of one of four impact regimes: swash, collision, overwash, and inundation. Errors were overwhelming under-predictions of the regime...
Authors
H.F. Stockdon, D.M. Thompson, A. H. Sallenger
Volcano-electromagnetic effects Volcano-electromagnetic effects
Volcano-electromagnetic effects—electromagnetic (EM) signals generated by volcanic activity—derive from a variety of physical processes. These include piezomagnetic effects, electrokinetic effects, fluid vaporization, thermal demagnetization/remagnetization, resistivity changes, thermochemical effects, magnetohydrodynamic effects, and blast-excited traveling ionospheric disturbances...
Authors
Malcolm J. S. Johnston
Guidelines on preparedness before, during, and after an ashfall Guidelines on preparedness before, during, and after an ashfall
This document has been prepared by the International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (IVHHN), Cities and Volcanoes Commission, GNS Science and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to promote the safety of those who experience volcanic ashfall. It details procedures to follow if warning of a volcanic ashfall is given, recommends what to do during ashfall, and what methods are most...
Authors
C. Horwell
Seismo-acoustic signals associated with degassing explosions recorded at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, 2003-2004 Seismo-acoustic signals associated with degassing explosions recorded at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, 2003-2004
In summer 2003, a Chaparral Model 2 microphone was deployed at Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. The pressure sensor was co-located with a short-period seismometer on the volcano’s north flank at a distance of 6.62 km from the active summit vent. The seismo-acoustic data exhibit a correlation between impulsive acoustic signals (1–2 Pa) and long-period (LP, 1–2 Hz) earthquakes...
Authors
T. Petersen
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1984 Annual Administrative Report Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1984 Annual Administrative Report
INTRODUCTORY NOTE The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Summaries have been published in the current format since 1956. The Quarterly Summaries (1956 through 1973) and the Annual Summaries (1974 through 1985) were originally published as Administrative Reports. These reports have been compiled and published as U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports. The quarterly reports have been combined...
Authors
Jennifer S. Nakata
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1963 quarterly administrative reports Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1963 quarterly administrative reports
INTRODUCTORY NOTE The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Summaries have been published in the current format since 1956. The Quarterly Summaries (1956 through 1973) and the Annual Summaries (1974 through 1985) were originally published as Administrative Reports. These reports have been compiled and published as U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports. The quarterly reports have been combined...
Authors
Jennifer S. Nakata
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1959 quarterly administrative reports Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1959 quarterly administrative reports
INTRODUCTORY NOTE The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Summaries have been published in the current format since 1956. The Quarterly Summaries (1956 through 1973) and the Annual Summaries (1974 through 1985) were originally published as Administrative Reports. These reports have been compiled and published as U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports. The quarterly reports have been combined...
Authors
Jennifer S. Nakata