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IRIS/USGS plans for upgrading the Global Seismograph Network IRIS/USGS plans for upgrading the Global Seismograph Network

This report has been prepared to provide information to organizations that may be asked to participate in a program to upgrade the global seismographic network. In most cases, the organizations that will be offered new instrumentation by the U.S. Geological Survey currently operate stations in the World-Wide Standardized Seismograph Network (WWSSN) or the Global Digital Seismograph...
Authors
Jon Peterson, Charles R. Hutt

Vertical seismic profiling of Oroville microearthquakes: Velocity spectra and particle motion as a function of depth Vertical seismic profiling of Oroville microearthquakes: Velocity spectra and particle motion as a function of depth

Direct evidence of site distortion of P- and S-wave microearthquake source spectra at Oroville, California, is presented. The data were gathered by placing vertical and three-component seismometers at 90 m intervals in a 500 m borehole through the Cleveland Hill normal fault, on which the 1975, ML = 5.7 Oroville earthquake took place. High-pressure, hydraulic locking mechanisms were used...
Authors
P. E. Malin, J. A. Waller, Roger D. Borcherdt, E. Cranswick, Edward G. Jensen, J. Van Schaak

Friction of ice Friction of ice

The frictional strength of ice seems to be well below that for all other rocks. Triaxial testing of cylinders of pure water ice containing a 45° inclined sawcut, at temperatures of 77 ≤ T ≤ 115 K and confining pressures 0.1 ≤ P ≤ 250 MPa, reveals the frictional laws τ = 0.20 σn + 8.3 MPa for P ≥ 10 MPa and τ = 0.55 σn + 1.0 MPa for P ≤ 5 MPa, where τ and σn are the shear and normal...
Authors
M. L. Beeman, W.B. Durham, Stephen H. Kirby

Numerical analysis of Landsat Thematic Mapper images of Antarctica Numerical analysis of Landsat Thematic Mapper images of Antarctica

Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data from Dronning [Queen] Maud Land, Antarctica, have been analysed to provide insights into physical properties of the ice sheet. Brightness (at-satellite) temperatures calculated from digital numbers of the thermal band (TM band 6), using state-of-the-art equations and constants (Markham and Barker 1986), are 8° to 20°C lower than temperatures measured...
Authors
Olav Orheim, Baerbel K. Lucchitta

Recording strong motion studies Recording strong motion studies

Instruments now permit strong‐motion signals to be recorded over broader band widths, with wider dynamic range and signal resolution and with better data accessibility via computer. These advantages are utilized by the General Earthquake Observation System (GEOS) developed by the United States Geological Survey, by which a microcomputer‐controlled system provides improved strong‐motion...
Authors
Roger D. Borcherdt
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