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Volcano Hazard Program images.

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Color photograph of lava channel
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Boats in Channel
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Boats in Channel
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Boats in Channel

Lava boats are visible in the upper parts of the fissure 3 lava channel during the Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa on December 8, 2022. Lava boats or lava balls form when portions of the fissure cone or lava channel levees break away and are rafted down the lava stream.

Lava boats are visible in the upper parts of the fissure 3 lava channel during the Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa on December 8, 2022. Lava boats or lava balls form when portions of the fissure cone or lava channel levees break away and are rafted down the lava stream.

Color map of lava flow temperature
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Zone eruption fissure 3 lava flow thermal map
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Zone eruption fissure 3 lava flow thermal map
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Zone eruption fissure 3 lava flow thermal map

A helicopter overflight on December 7, 2022, allowed for aerial visual and thermal imagery to be collected of the Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa. This map only shows activity from Fissure 3 on the Northeast Rift Zone, which is feeding a lava flow to the north.

A helicopter overflight on December 7, 2022, allowed for aerial visual and thermal imagery to be collected of the Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa. This map only shows activity from Fissure 3 on the Northeast Rift Zone, which is feeding a lava flow to the north.

Color photograph of volcanic vent
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Fountain
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Fountain
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Fountain

Aerial image of fissure 3 erupting on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa on December 8, 2022. Lava fountain heights were very variable on December 8; the fountains were jet like, sometimes spraying at an angle just off vertical (as shown in this photo). USGS image by T. Orr. 

Aerial image of fissure 3 erupting on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa on December 8, 2022. Lava fountain heights were very variable on December 8; the fountains were jet like, sometimes spraying at an angle just off vertical (as shown in this photo). USGS image by T. Orr. 

Color photograph of lava flow
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Flow
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Flow
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Flow

Aerial view of the front of a lava flow from fissure 3 on Mauna Loa's Northeast Rift Zone. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologists noted that the supply of lava was reduced the morning of December 8, 2022.

Aerial view of the front of a lava flow from fissure 3 on Mauna Loa's Northeast Rift Zone. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologists noted that the supply of lava was reduced the morning of December 8, 2022.

Color map of lava flow
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa that began the evening of November 27, 2022, continues as of December 8, 2022 (eleventh full day). One active fissure, fissure 3, feeds lava flows downslope to the north.

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa that began the evening of November 27, 2022, continues as of December 8, 2022 (eleventh full day). One active fissure, fissure 3, feeds lava flows downslope to the north.

Color photograph of volcanic vent
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa continues with a major change overnight. The fissure 3 (F3) vent continues to erupt but the supply of lava appears to be much reduced this morning. Lava is overtopping channels near the vent with flows extending no farther than 2.5 mi (4 km) from the vent.

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa continues with a major change overnight. The fissure 3 (F3) vent continues to erupt but the supply of lava appears to be much reduced this morning. Lava is overtopping channels near the vent with flows extending no farther than 2.5 mi (4 km) from the vent.

Color photograph of eruption
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 and Lava Channel
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 and Lava Channel
December 8, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 and Lava Channel

Aerial image of the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa on December 8, 2022. The fissure 3 lava fountain is visible in the distance, and the lava channel issuing from it in a northeast direction dominates the foreground. USGS image by T. Orr. 

Aerial image of the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa on December 8, 2022. The fissure 3 lava fountain is visible in the distance, and the lava channel issuing from it in a northeast direction dominates the foreground. USGS image by T. Orr. 

Color photograph of volcanic vent
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 and Near-Vent Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 and Near-Vent Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 and Near-Vent Lava Channel

A morning overflight on December 7, 2022, provided aerial views of fissure 3 erupting on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

Color photograph of lava channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel

Telephoto view of the fissure 3 lava channel on Mauna Loa's Northeast Rift Zone, as seen by Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field crews on the morning of December 7, 2022. Channel velocities here, closer to the vent where the channels are narrow, have been measured at around 26-36 feet per second (8.2-11 meters per second). USGS image by M. Patrick.

Telephoto view of the fissure 3 lava channel on Mauna Loa's Northeast Rift Zone, as seen by Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field crews on the morning of December 7, 2022. Channel velocities here, closer to the vent where the channels are narrow, have been measured at around 26-36 feet per second (8.2-11 meters per second). USGS image by M. Patrick.

Color photograph of lava channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel

Early morning views of the Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Zone Eruption on December 7, 2022 showed continued lava effusion from fissure 3 into the developed upper channel system. USGS Photo by K. Lynn.

Early morning views of the Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Zone Eruption on December 7, 2022 showed continued lava effusion from fissure 3 into the developed upper channel system. USGS Photo by K. Lynn.

Color photograph of lava channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel

A view of the lava channel erupting from fissure 3 on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. Near the vent, the lava channel moves at around 26-36 feet per second (8.2-11 meters per second). Farther downslope, the wide lava flow front is advancing more slowly, at an average rate slower than 20 feet (6 meters) per hour. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

A view of the lava channel erupting from fissure 3 on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. Near the vent, the lava channel moves at around 26-36 feet per second (8.2-11 meters per second). Farther downslope, the wide lava flow front is advancing more slowly, at an average rate slower than 20 feet (6 meters) per hour. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

Color photograph of lava flow
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Flow
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Flow
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Flow

Aerial view of a lava flow from the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa taken the morning of December 7, 2022. A significant breakout removing lava from the channel about 2.8 mi (4.5 km) behind the tip of the main flow on the east side was observed this morning.

Aerial view of a lava flow from the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa taken the morning of December 7, 2022. A significant breakout removing lava from the channel about 2.8 mi (4.5 km) behind the tip of the main flow on the east side was observed this morning.

Color map of eruption
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa that began the evening of November 27, 2022, continues as of December 7, 2022 (tenth full day). One active fissure, fissure 3, is feeding a lava flow downslope to the north.

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa that began the evening of November 27, 2022, continues as of December 7, 2022 (tenth full day). One active fissure, fissure 3, is feeding a lava flow downslope to the north.

Color photograph of volcanic vent
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3

A view of fissure 3 erupting on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. USGS image by K. Lynn on December 7, 2022. 

Color photograph of lava channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel

View of the fissure 3 lava channel looking upslope during a morning overflight of the Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Eruption on December 7, 2022. The eruption vent was emitting a strong plume of volcanic gas, visible in the background of the image. USGS Photo by K. Lynn.

View of the fissure 3 lava channel looking upslope during a morning overflight of the Mauna Loa Northeast Rift Eruption on December 7, 2022. The eruption vent was emitting a strong plume of volcanic gas, visible in the background of the image. USGS Photo by K. Lynn.

Color photograph of lava channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel

Image of the fissure 3 lava channel near the vent, high on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. Near the vent, the lava flow velocity has been measured at 32-39 feet per second (10-12 meters per second) within the lava channel. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

Image of the fissure 3 lava channel near the vent, high on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. Near the vent, the lava flow velocity has been measured at 32-39 feet per second (10-12 meters per second) within the lava channel. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

Color photograph of volcanic vent
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3

A morning overflight on December 7, 2022, provided aerial views of fissure 3 erupting on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

A morning overflight on December 7, 2022, provided aerial views of fissure 3 erupting on the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. USGS image by M. Patrick. 

Color photograph of volcanic plume
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Plume
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Plume
December 7, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Plume

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists have been working to understand what volcanic gases are being emitted by the Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates of approximately 120,000 tonnes per day (t/d) were measured on December 4, 2022, and remain elevated at this time.

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists have been working to understand what volcanic gases are being emitted by the Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates of approximately 120,000 tonnes per day (t/d) were measured on December 4, 2022, and remain elevated at this time.

Color photograph of volcanic landscape
December 6, 2022 — Overcast Views of Mauna Loa
December 6, 2022 — Overcast Views of Mauna Loa
December 6, 2022 — Overcast Views of Mauna Loa

Views and field observations of the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa have been hampered today due to poor visibility. This photo was taken during a brief window of time when the flanks of Mauna Loa were visible from the lava viewing road. The eruption plume is apparent above the summit. A few minutes later, clouds obscured much of the view. USGS image by N.

Views and field observations of the Northeast Rift Zone of Mauna Loa have been hampered today due to poor visibility. This photo was taken during a brief window of time when the flanks of Mauna Loa were visible from the lava viewing road. The eruption plume is apparent above the summit. A few minutes later, clouds obscured much of the view. USGS image by N.

Color map of eruption
December 6, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map
December 6, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map
December 6, 2022 — Mauna Loa Eruption Map

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa that began the evening of November 27, 2022, continues as of December 6, 2022 (ninth full day). One active fissure, fissure 3, is feeding a lava flow downslope to the north.

The Northeast Rift Zone eruption of Mauna Loa that began the evening of November 27, 2022, continues as of December 6, 2022 (ninth full day). One active fissure, fissure 3, is feeding a lava flow downslope to the north.

Color photograph of lava channel
December 5, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 5, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel
December 5, 2022 — Mauna Loa Fissure 3 Lava Channel

A close up view of the fissure 3 lava channel erupting from Mauna Loa's Northeast Rift Zone, as seen by Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field crews on the morning of December 5, 2022. The large bumps are standing waves in the lava.

A close up view of the fissure 3 lava channel erupting from Mauna Loa's Northeast Rift Zone, as seen by Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field crews on the morning of December 5, 2022. The large bumps are standing waves in the lava.

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