Data

During the 2020–2021 summit eruption of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, staff at the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) conducted 17 helicopter overflights of the eruption area between the dates of 21 December 2020 and 8 June 2021. Images captured during these flights were processed using the structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry technique to produce...

The catastrophic, explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, on May 18, 1980, is the most well-known eruption of the volcano. Less well known is the May 18 eruption marked the beginning of a period of eruptive activity that lasted through 1986. Beginning in October 1980, a series of 17 dome-building episodes added millions of cubic meters of lava to the crater floor. Most of the...

This data release provides a single 8-bit grayscale GeoTIFF orthomosaic of Semisopochnoi Island, in Aleutian Archipelago of Alaska (georeferenced in NAD 1983 UTM Zone 60N; EPSG:3373). The orthomosaic was derived from 31 black and white single frame aerial photographs taken in 1952. Also included are the non-georeferenced scans of the original aerial photographs.

These data were collected as part of a long-term program of large-scale experimentation at the USGS debris-flow flume. The chief focus of the six experiments performed in 2016 and represented in this data set was twofold: (1) measurement of evolving basal stresses as the flume headgate opened, and (2) measurement of broadband seismic energy radiated by the moving debris flows. The...

This report documents the SO2 emission rates for the period 2014-2017, from the summit and East Rift Zone eruptions of Kīlauea, along with the wind or plume speed and direction data used to calculate the emission rates.

The dataset includes tiltmeter data at a sample rate of 1 sample per minute from a downhole tiltmeter at Uwekahuna Vault (UWE). Location is -155.291162, 19.420972 (NAD83), elevation 1257 m. Data has two orientations for each time sample (north and east). Each file contains a year of data. The original datasource removes the mean, so the ends of subsequent files will not align. The...

This USGS Data Release presents major-oxide glass geochemical results from tephras erupted form Alaska volcanoes. This data set is in support of volcano hazard studies by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) where tephra (volcanic ash) deposits are used to assess eruption frequency, magnitude, and character of eruption. These data are part of a larger effort to identify and characterize...

There are over 10,000 hydrothermal features in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), where waters have pH values ranging from about 1 to 10 and surface temperatures up to 95 °C. Active hydrothermal areas in YNP provide insight into a variety of processes occurring at depth, such as water-rock and oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, the formation of alteration minerals, and microbial...

During 2018, Kilauea Volcano, on the Island of Hawaiii, had a large effusive eruption (~1 cubic kilometer of lava) on the lower East Rift Zone that caused widespread destruction (Neal and others, 2019; Dietterich and others, 2021). This lower flank eruption was accompanied by one of the largest collapses of the summit caldera in two hundred years, with portions of the caldera floor...

We installed an eddy covariance station on July 10, 2018 at Bison Flat, an acid-sulfate, vapor-dominated area (0.04-km2) in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, WY to monitor variations in hydrothermal gas and heat emissions. Since then, this station has measured CO2, H2O and sensible and latent heat fluxes, air temperature and pressure, and wind speed and direction on a half...

Large numerical grid used for finite element and finite volume analysis of induced seismicity in Paradox Basin. The grid construction used the boundaries of three sub-horizontal surfaces; the topography, and the top and bottom of the production formation is determined from drilling and seismic reflection profiling, yielding the surface topography and thickness variations in these data...

Data in this data release contain Model input and output for simulations used to estimate the amount of tephra that could fall on the Hanford nuclear waste repository. The results of that study were written up in the report: Mastin, L.G., Van Eaton, A.E., and Schwaiger, H.F., 2020 A Probabilistic Assessment of Tephra-Fall Hazards at Hanford, Washington, from a Future Eruption of Mount St...