Lava flows present a recurring threat to communities on active volcanoes, and volumetric eruption rate is one of the primary factors controlling flow behavior and hazard. The timescales and driving forces of eruption rate variability, however, remain poorly understood. In 2018, a highly destructive eruption occurred on the lower flank of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, where the primary vent exhibited dramatic cyclic eruption rates on both short (minutes) and long (tens of hours) timescales. We use multiparameter data to show that the short cycles were driven by shallow outgassing, while longer cycles were pressure-driven surges in magma supply triggered by summit caldera collapse events 40 km upslope. The results provide a clear link between eruption rate fluctuations and their driving processes in the magmatic system.
Citation Information
| Publication Year | 2019 |
|---|---|
| Title | Cyclic lava effusion during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.aay9070 |
| Authors | Matthew R. Patrick, Hannah R. Dietterich, John J. Lyons, Angela K. Diefenbach, Carolyn Parcheta, Kyle R. Anderson, Atsuko Namiki, Ikuro Sumita, Brian Shiro, James P. Kauahikaua |
| Publication Type | Article |
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Series Title | Science |
| Index ID | 70211533 |
| Record Source | USGS Publications Warehouse |
| USGS Organization | Volcano Science Center |
Related Content
Cyclic lava effusion during the 2018 eruption of Kilauea Volcano: data release
Angie Diefenbach
Volcanologist - VDAP
VSC UAS Project Lead
Related Content
- Data
Cyclic lava effusion during the 2018 eruption of Kilauea Volcano: data release
This USGS data release includes data related to the Science magazine manuscript "Cyclic lava effusion during the 2018 eruption of Kilauea Volcano" by Patrick et al. The data release includes 1) original video as well as thermal, and timelapse images of lava in the proximal Fissure 8 channel, 2) derived estimates of lava level in the channel and bulk effusion rates (not corrected for vesicles), 3) - Connect
Angie Diefenbach
Volcanologist - VDAPVSC UAS Project LeadEmailPhone