James Grace, Ph.D. (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 187
Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests
Mangrove forests are highly productive tidal saline wetland ecosystems found along sheltered tropical and subtropical coasts. Ecologists have long assumed that climatic drivers (i.e., temperature and rainfall regimes) govern the global distribution, structure, and function of mangrove forests. However, data constraints have hindered the quantification of direct climate-mangrove linkages...
Authors
Michael Osland, Laura Feher, Kereen Griffith, Kyle Cavanaugh, Nicholas Enwright, Richard Day, Camille Stagg, Ken Krauss, Rebecca Howard, James Grace, Kerrylee Rogers
Using structural equation modeling to link human activities to wetland ecological integrity Using structural equation modeling to link human activities to wetland ecological integrity
The integrity of wetlands is of global concern. A common approach to evaluating ecological integrity involves bioassessment procedures that quantify the degree to which communities deviate from historical norms. While helpful, bioassessment provides little information about how altered conditions connect to community response. More detailed information is needed for conservation and...
Authors
E. Schweiger, James Grace, David Cooper, Ben Bobowski, Mike Britten
Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility? Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility?
Contrary to the general perception, the United States has a much more class-bound society than other wealthy countries. The chance of upward mobility for Americans is just half that of the citizens of the Denmark and many other European countries. In addition to other influences, the built environment may contribute to the low rate of upward mobility in the U.S. This study tests the...
Authors
R. Ewing, Shima Hamidi, James Grace, Y. Wei
Disentangling vegetation diversity from climate–energy and habitat heterogeneity for explaining animal geographic patterns Disentangling vegetation diversity from climate–energy and habitat heterogeneity for explaining animal geographic patterns
Broad-scale animal diversity patterns have been traditionally explained by hypotheses focused on climate–energy and habitat heterogeneity, without considering the direct influence of vegetation structure and composition. However, integrating these factors when considering plant–animal correlates still poses a major challenge because plant communities are controlled by abiotic factors...
Authors
Borja Jimenez-Alfaro, Milan Chytry, Ladislav Mucina, James Grace, Marcel Rejmanek
Comment on "Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness" Comment on "Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness"
Fraser et al. (Reports, 17 July 2015, p. 302) report a unimodal relationship between productivity and species richness at regional and global scales, which they contrast with the results of Adler et al. (Reports, 23 September 2011, p. 1750). However, both data sets, when analyzed correctly, show clearly and consistently that productivity is a poor predictor of local species richness.
Authors
Andrew Tredennick, Peter Adler, James Grace, W Stanley Harpole, Elizabeth Borer, Eric Seabloom, T. Michael Anderson, Jonathan Bakker, Lori Biederman, Cynthia Brown, Yvonne Buckley, Cheng-Jin Chu, Scott L. Collins, Michael Crawley, Philip Fay, Jennifer Firn, Daniel S. Gruner, Nicole Hagenah, Yann Hautier, Andy Hector, Helmut Hillebrand, Kevin Kirkman, Johannes Knops, Ramesh Laungani, Eric M. Lind, Andrew MacDougall, Rebecca McCulley, Charles E. Mitchell, Joslin Moore, John Morgan, John L. Orrock, Pablo L. Peri, Suzanne Prober, Anita C. Risch, Martin Schuetz, Karina Speziale, Rachel Standish, Lauren Sullivan, Glenda Wardle, Ryan Williams, Louie Yang
Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness
How ecosystem productivity and species richness are interrelated is one of the most debated subjects in the history of ecology. Decades of intensive study have yet to discern the actual mechanisms behind observed global patterns. Here, by integrating the predictions from multiple theories into a single model and using data from 1,126 grassland plots spanning five continents, we detect...
Authors
James Grace, T. Anderson, Eric Seabloom, Elizabeth Borer, Peter Adler, W Stanley Harpole, Yann Hautier, Helmut Hillebrand, Eric Lind, Meelis Partel, Jonathan Bakker, Yvonne Buckley, Michael Crawley, Ellen Damschen, Kendi Davies, Philip Fay, Jennifer Firn, Daniel Gruner, Andy Hector, Johannes Knops, Andrew MacDougall, Brett Melbourne, John Morgan, John L. Orrock, Suzanne Prober, Melinda D. Smith
Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle crashes Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle crashes
A decade ago, compactness/sprawl indices were developed for metropolitan areas and counties which have been widely used in health and other research. In this study, we first update the original county index to 2010, then develop a refined index that accounts for more relevant factors, and finally seek to test the relationship between sprawl and traffic crash rates using structural...
Authors
Reid Ewing, Shima Hamidi, James Grace
Taking a systems approach to ecological systems Taking a systems approach to ecological systems
Increasingly, there is interest in a systems-level understanding of ecological problems, which requires the evaluation of more complex, causal hypotheses. In this issue of the Journal of Vegetation Science, Soliveres et al. use structural equation modeling to test a causal network hypothesis about how tree canopies affect understorey communities. Historical analysis suggests structural...
Authors
James Grace
Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands
Understanding how biotic communities respond to landscape spatial structure is critically important for conservation management as natural landscapes become increasingly fragmented. However, empirical studies of the effects of spatial structure on plant species richness have found inconsistent results, suggesting that more comprehensive approaches are needed. In this study, we asked how...
Authors
Jesse Miller, Ellen Damschen, Susan Harrison, James Grace
Does natural variation in diversity affect biotic resistance? Does natural variation in diversity affect biotic resistance?
Notice This publication has been retracted. See the retraction notice.
Authors
Susan Harrison, Howard Cornell, James Grace
Beyond just sea-level rise: Considering macroclimatic drivers within coastal wetland vulnerability assessments to climate change Beyond just sea-level rise: Considering macroclimatic drivers within coastal wetland vulnerability assessments to climate change
Due to their position at the land-sea interface, coastal wetlands are vulnerable to many aspects of climate change. However, climate change vulnerability assessments for coastal wetlands generally focus solely on sea-level rise without considering the effects of other facets of climate change. Across the globe and in all ecosystems, macroclimatic drivers (e.g., temperature and rainfall...
Authors
Michael Osland, Nicholas Enwright, Richard Day, Christopher Gabler, Camille Stagg, James Grace
Compact development and VMT: environmental determinism, self-selection, or some of both? Compact development and VMT: environmental determinism, self-selection, or some of both?
There is a long-running debate in the planning literature about the effects of the built environment on travel behavior and the degree to which apparent effects are due to the tendency of households to self-select into neighborhoods that reinforce their travel preferences. Those who want to walk will choose walkable neighborhoods, and those who want to use transit will choose transit...
Authors
Reid Ewing, Shima Hamidi, James Grace
Science and Products
Filter Total Items: 187
Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests
Mangrove forests are highly productive tidal saline wetland ecosystems found along sheltered tropical and subtropical coasts. Ecologists have long assumed that climatic drivers (i.e., temperature and rainfall regimes) govern the global distribution, structure, and function of mangrove forests. However, data constraints have hindered the quantification of direct climate-mangrove linkages...
Authors
Michael Osland, Laura Feher, Kereen Griffith, Kyle Cavanaugh, Nicholas Enwright, Richard Day, Camille Stagg, Ken Krauss, Rebecca Howard, James Grace, Kerrylee Rogers
Using structural equation modeling to link human activities to wetland ecological integrity Using structural equation modeling to link human activities to wetland ecological integrity
The integrity of wetlands is of global concern. A common approach to evaluating ecological integrity involves bioassessment procedures that quantify the degree to which communities deviate from historical norms. While helpful, bioassessment provides little information about how altered conditions connect to community response. More detailed information is needed for conservation and...
Authors
E. Schweiger, James Grace, David Cooper, Ben Bobowski, Mike Britten
Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility? Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility?
Contrary to the general perception, the United States has a much more class-bound society than other wealthy countries. The chance of upward mobility for Americans is just half that of the citizens of the Denmark and many other European countries. In addition to other influences, the built environment may contribute to the low rate of upward mobility in the U.S. This study tests the...
Authors
R. Ewing, Shima Hamidi, James Grace, Y. Wei
Disentangling vegetation diversity from climate–energy and habitat heterogeneity for explaining animal geographic patterns Disentangling vegetation diversity from climate–energy and habitat heterogeneity for explaining animal geographic patterns
Broad-scale animal diversity patterns have been traditionally explained by hypotheses focused on climate–energy and habitat heterogeneity, without considering the direct influence of vegetation structure and composition. However, integrating these factors when considering plant–animal correlates still poses a major challenge because plant communities are controlled by abiotic factors...
Authors
Borja Jimenez-Alfaro, Milan Chytry, Ladislav Mucina, James Grace, Marcel Rejmanek
Comment on "Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness" Comment on "Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness"
Fraser et al. (Reports, 17 July 2015, p. 302) report a unimodal relationship between productivity and species richness at regional and global scales, which they contrast with the results of Adler et al. (Reports, 23 September 2011, p. 1750). However, both data sets, when analyzed correctly, show clearly and consistently that productivity is a poor predictor of local species richness.
Authors
Andrew Tredennick, Peter Adler, James Grace, W Stanley Harpole, Elizabeth Borer, Eric Seabloom, T. Michael Anderson, Jonathan Bakker, Lori Biederman, Cynthia Brown, Yvonne Buckley, Cheng-Jin Chu, Scott L. Collins, Michael Crawley, Philip Fay, Jennifer Firn, Daniel S. Gruner, Nicole Hagenah, Yann Hautier, Andy Hector, Helmut Hillebrand, Kevin Kirkman, Johannes Knops, Ramesh Laungani, Eric M. Lind, Andrew MacDougall, Rebecca McCulley, Charles E. Mitchell, Joslin Moore, John Morgan, John L. Orrock, Pablo L. Peri, Suzanne Prober, Anita C. Risch, Martin Schuetz, Karina Speziale, Rachel Standish, Lauren Sullivan, Glenda Wardle, Ryan Williams, Louie Yang
Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness
How ecosystem productivity and species richness are interrelated is one of the most debated subjects in the history of ecology. Decades of intensive study have yet to discern the actual mechanisms behind observed global patterns. Here, by integrating the predictions from multiple theories into a single model and using data from 1,126 grassland plots spanning five continents, we detect...
Authors
James Grace, T. Anderson, Eric Seabloom, Elizabeth Borer, Peter Adler, W Stanley Harpole, Yann Hautier, Helmut Hillebrand, Eric Lind, Meelis Partel, Jonathan Bakker, Yvonne Buckley, Michael Crawley, Ellen Damschen, Kendi Davies, Philip Fay, Jennifer Firn, Daniel Gruner, Andy Hector, Johannes Knops, Andrew MacDougall, Brett Melbourne, John Morgan, John L. Orrock, Suzanne Prober, Melinda D. Smith
Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle crashes Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle crashes
A decade ago, compactness/sprawl indices were developed for metropolitan areas and counties which have been widely used in health and other research. In this study, we first update the original county index to 2010, then develop a refined index that accounts for more relevant factors, and finally seek to test the relationship between sprawl and traffic crash rates using structural...
Authors
Reid Ewing, Shima Hamidi, James Grace
Taking a systems approach to ecological systems Taking a systems approach to ecological systems
Increasingly, there is interest in a systems-level understanding of ecological problems, which requires the evaluation of more complex, causal hypotheses. In this issue of the Journal of Vegetation Science, Soliveres et al. use structural equation modeling to test a causal network hypothesis about how tree canopies affect understorey communities. Historical analysis suggests structural...
Authors
James Grace
Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands
Understanding how biotic communities respond to landscape spatial structure is critically important for conservation management as natural landscapes become increasingly fragmented. However, empirical studies of the effects of spatial structure on plant species richness have found inconsistent results, suggesting that more comprehensive approaches are needed. In this study, we asked how...
Authors
Jesse Miller, Ellen Damschen, Susan Harrison, James Grace
Does natural variation in diversity affect biotic resistance? Does natural variation in diversity affect biotic resistance?
Notice This publication has been retracted. See the retraction notice.
Authors
Susan Harrison, Howard Cornell, James Grace
Beyond just sea-level rise: Considering macroclimatic drivers within coastal wetland vulnerability assessments to climate change Beyond just sea-level rise: Considering macroclimatic drivers within coastal wetland vulnerability assessments to climate change
Due to their position at the land-sea interface, coastal wetlands are vulnerable to many aspects of climate change. However, climate change vulnerability assessments for coastal wetlands generally focus solely on sea-level rise without considering the effects of other facets of climate change. Across the globe and in all ecosystems, macroclimatic drivers (e.g., temperature and rainfall...
Authors
Michael Osland, Nicholas Enwright, Richard Day, Christopher Gabler, Camille Stagg, James Grace
Compact development and VMT: environmental determinism, self-selection, or some of both? Compact development and VMT: environmental determinism, self-selection, or some of both?
There is a long-running debate in the planning literature about the effects of the built environment on travel behavior and the degree to which apparent effects are due to the tendency of households to self-select into neighborhoods that reinforce their travel preferences. Those who want to walk will choose walkable neighborhoods, and those who want to use transit will choose transit...
Authors
Reid Ewing, Shima Hamidi, James Grace