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Benjamin K Norris (Former Employee)

Science and Products

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Coral head that looks like lettuce sits on sandy bottom in clear blue water and is surrounded by brightly colored fish.

Coral Reef Project

Explore the fascinating undersea world of coral reefs. Learn how we map, monitor, and model coral reefs so we can better understand, protect, and preserve our Nation's reefs.
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
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Coral Reef Project

Explore the fascinating undersea world of coral reefs. Learn how we map, monitor, and model coral reefs so we can better understand, protect, and preserve our Nation's reefs.
Learn More
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An ad for an upcoming seminar with the title at top, image in middle, and speaker name and information at bottom.

Science Seminar Series

Welcome to the Pacific Coastal Marine Science Center (PCMSC) Seminar Series! Our seminars are on the first and third Tuesday of every month, usually from 10:00 – 11:00 am Pacific Time (1:00 - 2:00 pm Eastern) via Microsoft Teams. Please check each seminar announcement closely, as times may change. In addition, we also co-host a special “Coastal Change Hazards” seminar on the second Tuesday every...
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
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Science Seminar Series

Welcome to the Pacific Coastal Marine Science Center (PCMSC) Seminar Series! Our seminars are on the first and third Tuesday of every month, usually from 10:00 – 11:00 am Pacific Time (1:00 - 2:00 pm Eastern) via Microsoft Teams. Please check each seminar announcement closely, as times may change. In addition, we also co-host a special “Coastal Change Hazards” seminar on the second Tuesday every...
Learn More
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Sun sets over a mountain ridge.

Science Seminar Series Archives

A list of past science seminars hosted by the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
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Science Seminar Series Archives

A list of past science seminars hosted by the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
Learn More

OpenFOAM models of low- and high-relief sites from the coral reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii

OpenFOAM Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models were developed to simulate wave energy dissipation across natural rough reef surfaces on the reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, to understand this process in the context of reef restoration design. A total of 140 models were developed (70 per low- and 70 per high-bed-relief domains). Models were calibrated and validated with oceanographic da
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

3D bathymetric surfaces of low- and high-relief sites from the coral reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai

3D bathymetric surfaces of low- and high-relief sites from the coral reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai, were created using structure-from-motion (SfM) techniques. The two study sites are located approximately 640 m from shore and approximately 20 m apart in the alongshore direction. At each site, an approximate 12-meter diameter area was imaged in three passes by a swimmer using a handheld digital c
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
A man stands on muddy ground carrying a piece of equipment in a forest.
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Benjamin Norris in the Mekong Delta

Combining field observations and high-resolution numerical modeling to demonstrate the effect of coral reef roughness on turbulence and its implications for reef restoration design

Coral reefs are effective natural barriers that protect adjacent coastal communities from hazards such as erosion and storm-induced flooding. However, the degradation of coral reefs compromises their ability to protect against these hazards, making degraded reefs a target for restoration. There have been limited field and numerical modeling studies conducted to understand how an increase in coral
Authors
Benjamin K Norris, Curt Storlazzi, Andrew W. M. Pomeroy, Kurt J. Rosenberger, Joshua B. Logan, Olivia Cheriton
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Hindcast storm events in the Bering Sea for the St. Lawrence Island and Unalakleet Regions, Alaska

This study provides viable estimates of historical storm-induced water levels in the coastal communities of Gambell and Savoonga situated on St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea, as well as Unalakleet located at the head of Norton Sound on the western coast of Alaska. Gambell, Savoonga, and Unalakleet are small Native Villages that are regularly impacted by coastal storms but where little quantit
Authors
Li H. Erikson, Robert T. McCall, Arnold van Rooijen, Benjamin Norris
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

The influence of grain size, grain color, and suspended-sediment concentration on light attenuation: why fine-grained terrestrial sediment is bad for coral reef ecosystems

Sediment has been shown to be a major stressor to coral reefs globally. Although many researchers have tested the impact of sedimentation on coral reef ecosystems in both the laboratory and the field and some have measured the impact of suspended sediment on the photosynthetic response of corals, there has yet to be a detailed investigation on how properties of the sediment itself can affect light
Authors
Curt D. Storlazzi, Benjamin Norris, Kurt J. Rosenberger
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Measurements of slope currents and internal tides on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California

An array of seven moorings housing current meters and oceanographic sensors was deployed for 6 months at 5 sites on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California, from July 2011 to January 2012. Full water-column profiles of currents were acquired at all five sites, and a profile of water-column temperature was also acquired at two of the five sites for the duration of the deployme
Authors
Kurt J. Rosenberger, Marlene A. Noble, Benjamin Norris
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Non-USGS Publications**

Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2020, Relating Millimeter-scale Turbulence to Meter-scale Subtidal Erosion and Accretion across the Fringe of a Coastal Mangrove Forest: Earth Surfaces Processes and Landforms. DOI: 10.1002/esp.5047.
Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2019, Turbulence within Natural Mangrove Pneumatophore Canopies: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124, 2263–2288. DOI: 10.1029/2018JC014562.
Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2017, The effect of pneumatophore density on turbulence: a field study in a Sonneratia-dominated mangrove forest, Vietnam: Continental Shelf Research, 147, 114–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.002.
Mullarney, J., Henderson, S.M., Norris, B.K., Bryan, K.R., Fricke, A.T., Sandwell, D.R., 2017, A question of scale: How turbulence around aerial roots shapes the seabed morphology in mangrove forests of the Mekong Delta: Oceanography, 30, 34–47. DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2017.312.
Mullarney, J.C., Henderson, S.M., Reyns, J.A.H., Norris, B.K., Bryan, K.R., 2017, Spatially varying drag within a wave-exposed mangrove forest and on the adjacent tidal flat: Continental Shelf Research, 147, 102–113. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.019.
Henderson, S.M., Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., 2017, Wave-frequency flows within a near-bed vegetation canopy: Continental Shelf Research, 147, 91–101. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.003.
Liénard, J., Lynn, K., Strigul, N., Norris, B.K., Gatziolis, D., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2016, Efficient three-dimensional reconstruction of aquatic vegetation geometry: Estimating morphological parameters influencing hydrodynamic drag: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 178, 77–85. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.05.011.

**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.

Science and Products

  • Science
    link
    Coral head that looks like lettuce sits on sandy bottom in clear blue water and is surrounded by brightly colored fish.

    Coral Reef Project

    Explore the fascinating undersea world of coral reefs. Learn how we map, monitor, and model coral reefs so we can better understand, protect, and preserve our Nation's reefs.
    By
    Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    link

    Coral Reef Project

    Explore the fascinating undersea world of coral reefs. Learn how we map, monitor, and model coral reefs so we can better understand, protect, and preserve our Nation's reefs.
    Learn More
    link
    An ad for an upcoming seminar with the title at top, image in middle, and speaker name and information at bottom.

    Science Seminar Series

    Welcome to the Pacific Coastal Marine Science Center (PCMSC) Seminar Series! Our seminars are on the first and third Tuesday of every month, usually from 10:00 – 11:00 am Pacific Time (1:00 - 2:00 pm Eastern) via Microsoft Teams. Please check each seminar announcement closely, as times may change. In addition, we also co-host a special “Coastal Change Hazards” seminar on the second Tuesday every...
    By
    Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    link

    Science Seminar Series

    Welcome to the Pacific Coastal Marine Science Center (PCMSC) Seminar Series! Our seminars are on the first and third Tuesday of every month, usually from 10:00 – 11:00 am Pacific Time (1:00 - 2:00 pm Eastern) via Microsoft Teams. Please check each seminar announcement closely, as times may change. In addition, we also co-host a special “Coastal Change Hazards” seminar on the second Tuesday every...
    Learn More
    link
    Sun sets over a mountain ridge.

    Science Seminar Series Archives

    A list of past science seminars hosted by the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    link

    Science Seminar Series Archives

    A list of past science seminars hosted by the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
    Learn More
  • Data

    OpenFOAM models of low- and high-relief sites from the coral reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii

    OpenFOAM Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models were developed to simulate wave energy dissipation across natural rough reef surfaces on the reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, to understand this process in the context of reef restoration design. A total of 140 models were developed (70 per low- and 70 per high-bed-relief domains). Models were calibrated and validated with oceanographic da
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

    3D bathymetric surfaces of low- and high-relief sites from the coral reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai

    3D bathymetric surfaces of low- and high-relief sites from the coral reef flat off Waiakane, Molokai, were created using structure-from-motion (SfM) techniques. The two study sites are located approximately 640 m from shore and approximately 20 m apart in the alongshore direction. At each site, an approximate 12-meter diameter area was imaged in three passes by a swimmer using a handheld digital c
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
  • Multimedia
    A man stands on muddy ground carrying a piece of equipment in a forest.
    link
    Benjamin Norris in the Mekong Delta
  • Publications

    Combining field observations and high-resolution numerical modeling to demonstrate the effect of coral reef roughness on turbulence and its implications for reef restoration design

    Coral reefs are effective natural barriers that protect adjacent coastal communities from hazards such as erosion and storm-induced flooding. However, the degradation of coral reefs compromises their ability to protect against these hazards, making degraded reefs a target for restoration. There have been limited field and numerical modeling studies conducted to understand how an increase in coral
    Authors
    Benjamin K Norris, Curt Storlazzi, Andrew W. M. Pomeroy, Kurt J. Rosenberger, Joshua B. Logan, Olivia Cheriton
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

    Hindcast storm events in the Bering Sea for the St. Lawrence Island and Unalakleet Regions, Alaska

    This study provides viable estimates of historical storm-induced water levels in the coastal communities of Gambell and Savoonga situated on St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea, as well as Unalakleet located at the head of Norton Sound on the western coast of Alaska. Gambell, Savoonga, and Unalakleet are small Native Villages that are regularly impacted by coastal storms but where little quantit
    Authors
    Li H. Erikson, Robert T. McCall, Arnold van Rooijen, Benjamin Norris
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

    The influence of grain size, grain color, and suspended-sediment concentration on light attenuation: why fine-grained terrestrial sediment is bad for coral reef ecosystems

    Sediment has been shown to be a major stressor to coral reefs globally. Although many researchers have tested the impact of sedimentation on coral reef ecosystems in both the laboratory and the field and some have measured the impact of suspended sediment on the photosynthetic response of corals, there has yet to be a detailed investigation on how properties of the sediment itself can affect light
    Authors
    Curt D. Storlazzi, Benjamin Norris, Kurt J. Rosenberger
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

    Measurements of slope currents and internal tides on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California

    An array of seven moorings housing current meters and oceanographic sensors was deployed for 6 months at 5 sites on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California, from July 2011 to January 2012. Full water-column profiles of currents were acquired at all five sites, and a profile of water-column temperature was also acquired at two of the five sites for the duration of the deployme
    Authors
    Kurt J. Rosenberger, Marlene A. Noble, Benjamin Norris
    By
    Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

    Non-USGS Publications**

    Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2020, Relating Millimeter-scale Turbulence to Meter-scale Subtidal Erosion and Accretion across the Fringe of a Coastal Mangrove Forest: Earth Surfaces Processes and Landforms. DOI: 10.1002/esp.5047.
    Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2019, Turbulence within Natural Mangrove Pneumatophore Canopies: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124, 2263–2288. DOI: 10.1029/2018JC014562.
    Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2017, The effect of pneumatophore density on turbulence: a field study in a Sonneratia-dominated mangrove forest, Vietnam: Continental Shelf Research, 147, 114–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.002.
    Mullarney, J., Henderson, S.M., Norris, B.K., Bryan, K.R., Fricke, A.T., Sandwell, D.R., 2017, A question of scale: How turbulence around aerial roots shapes the seabed morphology in mangrove forests of the Mekong Delta: Oceanography, 30, 34–47. DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2017.312.
    Mullarney, J.C., Henderson, S.M., Reyns, J.A.H., Norris, B.K., Bryan, K.R., 2017, Spatially varying drag within a wave-exposed mangrove forest and on the adjacent tidal flat: Continental Shelf Research, 147, 102–113. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.019.
    Henderson, S.M., Norris, B.K., Mullarney, J.C., 2017, Wave-frequency flows within a near-bed vegetation canopy: Continental Shelf Research, 147, 91–101. DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2017.06.003.
    Liénard, J., Lynn, K., Strigul, N., Norris, B.K., Gatziolis, D., Mullarney, J.C., Bryan, K.R., Henderson, S.M., 2016, Efficient three-dimensional reconstruction of aquatic vegetation geometry: Estimating morphological parameters influencing hydrodynamic drag: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 178, 77–85. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.05.011.

    **Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.