Jackson N Mitchell
Jackson Mitchell is a hydrologist for the Washington Water Science Center
Jackson Mitchell’s investigations include:
- Monitoring the groundwater resources of near-shore ecosystems
- Determining the natural low-flow characteristics of Hawaiian streams
- Collecting groundwater-level data to help assess groundwater flow
- Measuring salinity profiles of deep monitoring wells to evaluate freshwater availability
Professional Experience
Hydrologist, USGS Washington Water Science Center, Tacoma, Washington, 2022‒Present
Hydrologist, USGS Pacific Islands Water Science Center, Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, 2017‒2021
Hydrologic Volunteer, Bureau of Land Management, Eugene, Oregon, 2016
Education and Certifications
MS, Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, 2016
BS, Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 2014
Science and Products
Hydrogeologic Framework for Duwamish River Valley, Washington
The Issue: Most of the Duwamish River valley in Seattle, Washington, is less than 20 feet above sea level; consequently, the river valley is prone to flooding during high tides, extreme rainfall, and high streamflow. In addition, groundwater inundation—localized coastal flooding due to a rise of the groundwater table with global sea-level rise—may compound flooding issues in the area. The King...
Simulated groundwater flow paths and travel times near Joint Base Lewis–McChord, Washington
The Issue: Past activities at Joint Base Lewis–McChord (JBLM)—located in west-central Washington—resulted in releases of hazardous waste and contaminants to the environment, and the most recent chemical of concern is per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS can enter groundwater and travel through the subsurface. Water-resource managers need to understand where groundwater flows in order...
Hydrogeologic framework near the Yakima Training Center, Washington
The Issue: The Yakima Training Center (YTC)—spanning Yakima and Kittitas counties in south-central Washington—is a satellite installation of Joint Base Lewis-McChord and is used for military training (fig. 1). Past activities at the YTC have resulted in releases of hazardous waste and contaminants to the environment, and the most recent chemical of concern is per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances...
Data in support of groundwater- and surface-water-interactions report—Groundwater and Surface-Water Interactions in the Lower Duwamish Waterway, Seattle, Washington
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), conducted a study to describe the current understanding of the regional groundwater system of the lower Duwamish River valley and groundwater and surface-water interactions in the lower Duwamish Waterway. A nearshore site along the western shoreline of the Duwamish River, about 1.5 mi upstr
Data in support of flood-frequency report--Magnitude and Frequency of Floods on Kaua'i, Oʻahu, Moloka'i, Maui, and Hawai'i, State of Hawai'i, Based on Data through Water Year 2020
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation, estimated flood magnitudes for the 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities (AEP) for unregulated streamgages in Kaua'i, Oʻahu, Moloka'i, Maui, and Hawaiʻi, State of Hawaiʻi, using data through water year 2020. Regression equations which can be used to e
Basin characteristic rasters used in the update of Hawaiʻi StreamStats, 2022
In cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Transportation, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has computed a series of basin characteristic rasters for Hawaii to be implemented into the USGS StreamStats application (https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/). The basin characteristics, along with geospatial datasets for watershed delineation published as a separate USGS data release (https://doi.
Geospatial datasets for watershed delineation used in the update of Hawaiʻi StreamStats, 2022
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Transportation, has compiled and processed a series of geospatial datasets for Hawaii to be implemented into the USGS StreamStats application (https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/). These geospatial datasets, along with basin characteristic datasets published as a separate USGS data release (https://doi.org/10.506
Summary of dissolved pesticide concentrations in discrete surface-water samples collected on the islands of Kauai and Oahu between November 21, 2016 and April 29, 2017
The purpose of this release is to make available the quality-assured pesticide-concentration results for 32 discrete water samples that were collected on the islands of Kauaʻi and Oʻahu between November 21, 2016 and April 29, 2017. This webpage includes brief descriptions of the sampling sites, the samples collected, streamflow conditions during sampling, sample-collection and filtration methods,
Groundwater and surface-water interactions in the Lower Duwamish Waterway, Seattle, Washington
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), conducted a study to describe the current understanding of the regional groundwater system of the lower Duwamish River valley and groundwater and surface-water interactions in the lower Duwamish Waterway. The lower Duwamish Waterway is the final 5-mile (mi) reach of the Duwamish River befor
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Kathleen E. Conn
Magnitude and frequency of floods on Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Maui, and Hawaiʻi, State of Hawaiʻi, based on data through water year 2020
Accurate estimates of flood magnitude and frequency are needed to (1) optimize the design and location of infrastructure, including dams, culverts, bridges, industrial buildings, and highways, and (2) inform flood-zoning and flood-insurance studies. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation, estimated flood magnitudes for the 50-, 20-,
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Daniel M. Wagner, Andrea G. Veilleux
Groundwater-level monitoring from January 17 to March 3, 2022, Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
A reported fuel release in November 2021 at the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility within the naval reservation at Red Hill led to the shutdown of several production wells in the Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. Red Hill Shaft—one of the high-capacity production wells that shut down—was reactivated on January 29, 2022. Submersible pressure transducers were deployed at 20 wells in the Hālawa area to m
Authors
Rylen K. Nakama, Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
January 18, 2022, Red Hill synoptic groundwater-level survey, Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
On January 18, 2022, groundwater levels were measured in selected wells in the Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, constituting a synoptic groundwater-level survey (shortened herein to “synoptic survey”) of the area. Groundwater levels were measured mainly from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. (times listed in Hawai‘i standard time) and provide a snapshot of groundwater levels during the survey period. Following
Authors
Rylen K. Nakama, Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
December 23, 2021, Red Hill synoptic groundwater-level survey, Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
On December 23, 2021, groundwater levels were measured in selected wells in the Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, constituting a synoptic groundwater-level survey (shortened herein to “synoptic survey”) of the area. Groundwater levels were measured mainly from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. (times listed in Hawai‘i standard time) and provide a snapshot of groundwater levels during the survey period. Following
Authors
Rylen K. Nakama, Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
Groundwater conditions and trends, 2009–19, Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
Groundwater is the primary source of municipal water for Saipan. Nearly all groundwater for the municipal water supply is withdrawn from a freshwater-lens system with a limited amount of freshwater that is susceptible to saltwater intrusion. The status of Saipan’s groundwater resources has not been thoroughly assessed since 2003. The U.S. Geological Survey—in cooperation with the Office of Grants
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Todd K. Presley, Robert L. Carruth
Groundwater-level, groundwater-temperature, and barometric-pressure data, July 2017 to February 2018, Hālawa Area, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi
The Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, operated by the U.S. Navy and located in the Hālawa area, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, includes 20 underground storage tanks that can hold a total of 250 million gallons of fuel. In January 2014, the U.S. Navy notified the Hawaiʻi Department of Health and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of release of an estimated 27,000 gallons of fuel from the Red Hill Bulk Fuel S
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
Science and Products
Hydrogeologic Framework for Duwamish River Valley, Washington
The Issue: Most of the Duwamish River valley in Seattle, Washington, is less than 20 feet above sea level; consequently, the river valley is prone to flooding during high tides, extreme rainfall, and high streamflow. In addition, groundwater inundation—localized coastal flooding due to a rise of the groundwater table with global sea-level rise—may compound flooding issues in the area. The King...
Simulated groundwater flow paths and travel times near Joint Base Lewis–McChord, Washington
The Issue: Past activities at Joint Base Lewis–McChord (JBLM)—located in west-central Washington—resulted in releases of hazardous waste and contaminants to the environment, and the most recent chemical of concern is per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS can enter groundwater and travel through the subsurface. Water-resource managers need to understand where groundwater flows in order...
Hydrogeologic framework near the Yakima Training Center, Washington
The Issue: The Yakima Training Center (YTC)—spanning Yakima and Kittitas counties in south-central Washington—is a satellite installation of Joint Base Lewis-McChord and is used for military training (fig. 1). Past activities at the YTC have resulted in releases of hazardous waste and contaminants to the environment, and the most recent chemical of concern is per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances...
Data in support of groundwater- and surface-water-interactions report—Groundwater and Surface-Water Interactions in the Lower Duwamish Waterway, Seattle, Washington
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), conducted a study to describe the current understanding of the regional groundwater system of the lower Duwamish River valley and groundwater and surface-water interactions in the lower Duwamish Waterway. A nearshore site along the western shoreline of the Duwamish River, about 1.5 mi upstr
Data in support of flood-frequency report--Magnitude and Frequency of Floods on Kaua'i, Oʻahu, Moloka'i, Maui, and Hawai'i, State of Hawai'i, Based on Data through Water Year 2020
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation, estimated flood magnitudes for the 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities (AEP) for unregulated streamgages in Kaua'i, Oʻahu, Moloka'i, Maui, and Hawaiʻi, State of Hawaiʻi, using data through water year 2020. Regression equations which can be used to e
Basin characteristic rasters used in the update of Hawaiʻi StreamStats, 2022
In cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Transportation, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has computed a series of basin characteristic rasters for Hawaii to be implemented into the USGS StreamStats application (https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/). The basin characteristics, along with geospatial datasets for watershed delineation published as a separate USGS data release (https://doi.
Geospatial datasets for watershed delineation used in the update of Hawaiʻi StreamStats, 2022
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Transportation, has compiled and processed a series of geospatial datasets for Hawaii to be implemented into the USGS StreamStats application (https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/). These geospatial datasets, along with basin characteristic datasets published as a separate USGS data release (https://doi.org/10.506
Summary of dissolved pesticide concentrations in discrete surface-water samples collected on the islands of Kauai and Oahu between November 21, 2016 and April 29, 2017
The purpose of this release is to make available the quality-assured pesticide-concentration results for 32 discrete water samples that were collected on the islands of Kauaʻi and Oʻahu between November 21, 2016 and April 29, 2017. This webpage includes brief descriptions of the sampling sites, the samples collected, streamflow conditions during sampling, sample-collection and filtration methods,
Groundwater and surface-water interactions in the Lower Duwamish Waterway, Seattle, Washington
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), conducted a study to describe the current understanding of the regional groundwater system of the lower Duwamish River valley and groundwater and surface-water interactions in the lower Duwamish Waterway. The lower Duwamish Waterway is the final 5-mile (mi) reach of the Duwamish River befor
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Kathleen E. Conn
Magnitude and frequency of floods on Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Maui, and Hawaiʻi, State of Hawaiʻi, based on data through water year 2020
Accurate estimates of flood magnitude and frequency are needed to (1) optimize the design and location of infrastructure, including dams, culverts, bridges, industrial buildings, and highways, and (2) inform flood-zoning and flood-insurance studies. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation, estimated flood magnitudes for the 50-, 20-,
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Daniel M. Wagner, Andrea G. Veilleux
Groundwater-level monitoring from January 17 to March 3, 2022, Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
A reported fuel release in November 2021 at the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility within the naval reservation at Red Hill led to the shutdown of several production wells in the Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. Red Hill Shaft—one of the high-capacity production wells that shut down—was reactivated on January 29, 2022. Submersible pressure transducers were deployed at 20 wells in the Hālawa area to m
Authors
Rylen K. Nakama, Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
January 18, 2022, Red Hill synoptic groundwater-level survey, Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
On January 18, 2022, groundwater levels were measured in selected wells in the Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, constituting a synoptic groundwater-level survey (shortened herein to “synoptic survey”) of the area. Groundwater levels were measured mainly from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. (times listed in Hawai‘i standard time) and provide a snapshot of groundwater levels during the survey period. Following
Authors
Rylen K. Nakama, Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
December 23, 2021, Red Hill synoptic groundwater-level survey, Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
On December 23, 2021, groundwater levels were measured in selected wells in the Hālawa area, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, constituting a synoptic groundwater-level survey (shortened herein to “synoptic survey”) of the area. Groundwater levels were measured mainly from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. (times listed in Hawai‘i standard time) and provide a snapshot of groundwater levels during the survey period. Following
Authors
Rylen K. Nakama, Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki
Groundwater conditions and trends, 2009–19, Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
Groundwater is the primary source of municipal water for Saipan. Nearly all groundwater for the municipal water supply is withdrawn from a freshwater-lens system with a limited amount of freshwater that is susceptible to saltwater intrusion. The status of Saipan’s groundwater resources has not been thoroughly assessed since 2003. The U.S. Geological Survey—in cooperation with the Office of Grants
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Todd K. Presley, Robert L. Carruth
Groundwater-level, groundwater-temperature, and barometric-pressure data, July 2017 to February 2018, Hālawa Area, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi
The Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, operated by the U.S. Navy and located in the Hālawa area, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, includes 20 underground storage tanks that can hold a total of 250 million gallons of fuel. In January 2014, the U.S. Navy notified the Hawaiʻi Department of Health and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of release of an estimated 27,000 gallons of fuel from the Red Hill Bulk Fuel S
Authors
Jackson N. Mitchell, Delwyn S. Oki