James Luoma (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Avoidance behavior of cold-, cool-, and warmwater fish exposed to Zequanox in a two-choice preference chamber
Zebra ( Dreissenia polymorpha , Pallas 1771) and quagga ( D. bugensis , Andrusov 1897) mussels, collectively referred to as dreissenid mussels, are invasive bivalves native to the Ponto-Caspian region of Eurasia (Stepien et al. 2013; Benson 2018a). High fecundity and a free-swimming planktonic life stage allow for easy and rapid dispersal of dreissenid mussels (Mackie 1991; Marsden et al. 2013)...
Assessment of Open Water Zequanox Applications for Controlling Dreissenid Mussels within an Inland Lake
Invasion of dreissenid mussels (zebra and quagga mussels, Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis , respectively) into the Great Lakes and Mississippi River Basins has resulted in estimated economic impacts as high as $1 billion annually for maintenance and repair of biofouled water conveyance systems and other infrastructures (Pimentel et al. 2005).
Invasive Mussel Control Science: Management Tools for Assessing the Risks and Control of Invasive Dreissenid Species
Invasive zebra and quagga mussels ( Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis , respectively) are causing significant ecological and economic impacts and the scope of these impacts increases as they continue to spread across North America. The USGS conducts science to inform management actions for controlling and mitigating the impacts of invasive mussels. Studies include evaluation and...
Use of electrified fields to control dreissenid mussels
Zebra and quagga mussels were first introduced into the Great Lakes in the 1980’s and they have since expanded to over 750 inland lakes in addition to the 5 Great Lakes. A 2009 study conducted by the Idaho Aquatic Nuisance Species Taskforce estimated the annual economic threat of dreissenids to Idaho to be $94 million. A literature review conducted by Lovell and Stone (2005) demonstrates the...
Exposure-Related Effects of Zequanox on Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) Survival and Condition
A dead-cell, spray-dried powder formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens, strain CL145A was recently approved by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for control of dreissenid mussels (zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha and quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in open-water environments. The EPA approved product, Zequanox® (registration number 84059-15) is manufactured by Marrone...
Temperature-dependent toxicity of molluscicides to zebra mussels
Zebra mussels (Dreissenia polymorpha) are native to the Black, Caspian, and Aral Seas of eastern Europe (Gollasch and Leppäkoski 1999) and they were likely introduced into Lake Erie as veliger larvae in the summer or fall of 1985 (Hebert et al. 1989). Their high reproductive capacity and planktonic larval stage enable zebra mussels to rapidly disperse (Birnbaum 2011). Less than 10 years after...
Data and Code Release:Technical Assistance Bioassay to Compare Sea Lamprey and Logperch Sensitivity to TFM
Data and code release to evaluate a continuous-flow streamside toxicity test that was conducted with common logperch (Percina caprodes) and larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) to evaluate the risk posed by 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM) sea lamprey control stream treatments to logperch. Logperch are a host to the parasitic glochidia life stage of the federally endangered snuffbox muss
Data and code release—Comparative toxicity of emulsifiable concentrate and suspension concentrate formulations of 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide ethanolamine salt
Bayluscide, the 2-aminoethanol salt of niclosamide (2′, 5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide), is a pesticide that is used in conjunction with TFM (4-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol) to treat streams tributary to the Great Lakes that are infested with invasive parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). The application TFM with 0.5 to 2.0 percent (%) Bayluscide can significantly reduce the amount of
Data and Code Release: Determination of Larval Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Seasonal Sensitivity Differences to Lampricide Treatment
Controlling larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Great Lakes tributaries with 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM, a pesticide) stream treatments reduces the number of spawning-phase sea lamprey, an invasive species capable of collapsing Great Lakes fisheries. An important component of stream treatments is ensuring that the proper amount of TFM is applied that will effectively control sea
Data Release for Laboratory and field comparisons of TFM bar formulations used to treat small streams for larval sea lamprey
The dataset was generated to verify the suitability of the new TFM bar formulation for wide-scale use in the Sea Lamprey Control Program (SLCP). Dataset includes TFM concentrations of three streams (each used twice) where randomized experimental applications of new and old TFM bar formulation dissolution trials were conducted, TFM concentrations of 12 laboratory flume experimental applications of
Field Evaluation of an Improved Solid TFM Formulation for Use in Treating Small Tributary Streams, data
This study builds upon work conducted under the Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC) Technical Assistance Program that was funded to prepare and evaluate an alternative solid formulation of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) in a laboratory flume. The project aligns within the lampricide theme in the Sea Lamprey Research Program by improving lampricide performance, efficacy, and
Determination of the seasonality effect on sea lamprey and TFM efficacy - Year One
Controlling larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Great Lakes tributaries with of 4-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM, a lampricide) is essential to reducing the number of spawning-phase sea lamprey, an invasive species capable of collapsing Great Lakes fisheries. An important component of treating streams with lampricide is ensuring that the proper amount of TFM is applied, effectively co
Avoidance behavior of cold-, cool-, and warmwater fish exposed to Zequanox in a two-choice preference chamber, data release
Zequanox® is an EPA-registered biopesticide for controlling populations of dreissenid mussels
(zebra and quagga mussels). Zequanox has demonstrated selective toxicity toward dreissenid mussels; however, a recent laboratory study indicated the potential for Zequanox to impact a non-target salmonid species. We assessed the potential exposure risk by observing the avoidance behavior of two representa
Assessments of the binary mixtures of four toxicants on Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) mortality, data release
This dataset captures the Zebra Mussel dose-response to four independent toxicants and each binary mixture of those toxicants. Toxicants included EarthTec QZ, Clam-Trol CT-2 (syn. Spectrus CT1300), niclosamide, and potassium chloride. Each dose of toxicant was verified with either ICP-OES or UHPLC, depending on analyte, and comparison to a standard curve. Mortality was tabulated for each observati
Assessment of uncontained Zequanox applications in a Midwestern lake data
We applied Zequanox using a custom-engineered, boat mounted application system to replicated 0.30 Hectare plots within a small inland lake. The objectives of these applications were to determine if uncontained, open-water Zequanox applications could effectively control zebra mussel populations and protect native unionid mussel populations within zebra mussel infested systems. The datasets included
Exposure-related effects of Zequanox on juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) Data
The environmental fate, persistence, and point-source discharge of traditional molluscicidal compounds led to the development of an alternative biomolluscicide, Zequanox. Previous studies evaluated the efficacy and non-target animal safety of Zequanox in laboratory, mesocosm, and field enclosure studies. One study indicated sensitivity of salmonid species and lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens Ra
Filter Total Items: 30
Assessment of the sensitivity of Percina caprodes (logperch) to the pesticide 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol
A continuous-flow streamside toxicity test was completed to evaluate the risk posed by the use of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM), used to control Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey), to Percina caprodes (logperch). Logperch are a host fish to the parasitic glochidia life stage of the federally endangered Epioblasma triquetra (snuffbox mussel). Streams with an extant population of snuffbox mu
Authors
Courtney A Kirkeeng, James A. Luoma, Nicholas Schloesser, Justin Schueller, Cheryl Kaye
Comparative toxicity of emulsifiable concentrate and suspension concentrate formulations of 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide ethanolamine salt
The 2-aminoethanol salt of niclosamide (2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide) is a pesticide known as Bayluscide that is used in conjunction with TFM (4-nitro-3-[trifluoromethyl]phenol), also known as 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) to treat tributaries to the Great Lakes infested with invasive parasitic Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey). Adding 0.5 to 2 percent Bayluscide with TFM can substantial
Authors
James A. Luoma, Justin R. Schueller, Nicholas Schloesser, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Samantha L. Wolfe
Seasonal differences in larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) sensitivity to the pesticide TFM
Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) are controlled in the Great Lakes with 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl) phenol (commonly 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol or TFM). The proper concentration of TFM must be applied during treatments to effectively kill larval sea lamprey while minimizing impacts to non-target species. In this study, bioassay tests were conducted in May, July, and September over tw
Authors
Justin Schueller, Michael A. Boogaard, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Nicholas Schloesser, Samantha L. Wolfe, Avery J. Lettenberger, Tisha King-Heiden, James A. Luoma
Seasonal differences in larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) sensitivity to the pesticide TFM
Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) are controlled in the Great Lakes with 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (commonly 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol or TFM). The proper amount of TFM must be applied during treatments to effectively kill larval sea lamprey while minimizing impacts to non-target species. In this study, bioassay tests were conducted in May, July, and September in a portable t
Authors
Justin Schueller, Michael A. Boogaard, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Nicholas Schloesser, Samantha L. Wolfe, Avery J. Lettenberger, Tisha King-Heiden, James A. Luoma
Laboratory and field comparisons of TFM bar formulations used to treat small streams for larval sea lamprey
A solid formulation of the pesticide TFM (4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenol) was developed in the 1980s for application in small tributaries during treatments to control invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758). Several initial inert ingredients were discontinued and substituted, culminating with an interim formulation that unacceptably softens and rapidly decays in warm condition
Authors
James A. Luoma, Justin Schueller, Nicholas Schloesser, Todd Johnson, Courtney A Kirkeeng
Concentration addition and independent action assessments of the binary mixtures of four toxicants on zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) mortality
Researchers most often focus on individual toxicants when identifying effective chemical control agents for aquatic invasive species; however, toxicant mixtures may elicit synergistic effects. Synergistic effects may decrease required concentrations and shorten exposure durations for treatments. We investigated four toxicants (EarthTec QZ, Clam-Trol CT-2, niclosamide, and potassium chloride) that
Authors
Matthew Barbour, Justin Schueller, Todd J. Severson, Jeremy K. Wise, Matthew J Meulemans, James A. Luoma, Diane L. Waller
Field evaluation of an improved solid TFM formulation for use in treating small tributary streams
A solid lampricide formulation containing 23% 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) as the active ingredient was developed in the mid-1980s for use in small tributaries of dendritic streams during routine treatments to kill larval sea lamprey. This TFM bar formulation was designed to use a matrix of commercially prepared surfactants that would dissolve and slowly release their TFM payload over an
Authors
James A. Luoma, Nicholas Robertson, Justin Schueller, Nicholas Schloesser, Todd Johnson, Todd J. Severson, Matthew J Meulemans, Erica Muelemans
Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox® exposure
Zequanox® is a biopesticide registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Canadian Pest Management Regulatory Agency for controlling dreissenid mussels with demonstrated selective toxicity. However, some research has indicated that Zequanox may impact the body condition and survival of some non-target species. We assessed avoidance behaviors of two species of cold-, cool-,
Authors
Matthew Barbour, James A. Luoma, Todd J. Severson, Jeremy K. Wise, Barbara Bennie
Development and evaluation of an improved TFM formulation for use in feeder stream treatments
The binational Great Lakes Fishery Commission sponsored Sea Lamprey Control Program effectively utilizes a variety of lampricide tools to keep populations of parasitic sea lampreys in the Great Lakes at levels that do not cause undue economic or ecological damage. The most widely used toxicant used in lampricide formulations is 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM). In typical treatments, a liquid
Authors
James A. Luoma, Nicholas Robertson, Nicholas Schloesser, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Justin Schueller, Erica Meulemans
Assessment of uncontained Zequanox applications for zebra mussel control in a Midwestern lake
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are invasive bivalves that have perturbed aquatic ecosystems within North America since their introduction in the mid-1980s. Control of zebra mussels has largely been restricted to raw water conveyance systems and associated infrastructures because few control products are registered for application in surface waters. The biopesticide Zequanox was registered in
Authors
James A. Luoma, Diane L. Waller, Todd J. Severson, Matthew Barbour, Jeremy K. Wise, Eric G. Lord, Michelle R. Bartsch, Lynn A. Bartsch
Optimum electrofishing waveforms and parameters to induce a capture-prone response in juvenile Grass Carp
Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) are a non-native species to North America that were first introduced for vegetation control in the 1960s. However, wild-reproducing Grass Carp can negatively impact aquatic habitats and aquatic communities by consuming substantial amounts of aquatic vegetation and increasing turbidity. Numerous fisheries techniques have been used in an attempt to control or e
Authors
Andrew S Briggs, Jan C. Dean, James C. Boase, Patrick Kočovský, James A. Luoma
Effects of temperature and exposure duration on four potential rapid-response tools for zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) eradication
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) have continued their spread within inland lakes and rivers in North America despite diligent containment and decontamination efforts by natural resource agencies and other stakeholders. Identification of newly infested waterways by early detection surveillance programs allows for rapid response zebra mussel eradication treatments in some situations. Previous er
Authors
James A. Luoma, Todd J. Severson, Matthew Barbour, Jeremy K. Wise
Science and Products
Avoidance behavior of cold-, cool-, and warmwater fish exposed to Zequanox in a two-choice preference chamber
Zebra ( Dreissenia polymorpha , Pallas 1771) and quagga ( D. bugensis , Andrusov 1897) mussels, collectively referred to as dreissenid mussels, are invasive bivalves native to the Ponto-Caspian region of Eurasia (Stepien et al. 2013; Benson 2018a). High fecundity and a free-swimming planktonic life stage allow for easy and rapid dispersal of dreissenid mussels (Mackie 1991; Marsden et al. 2013)...
Assessment of Open Water Zequanox Applications for Controlling Dreissenid Mussels within an Inland Lake
Invasion of dreissenid mussels (zebra and quagga mussels, Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis , respectively) into the Great Lakes and Mississippi River Basins has resulted in estimated economic impacts as high as $1 billion annually for maintenance and repair of biofouled water conveyance systems and other infrastructures (Pimentel et al. 2005).
Invasive Mussel Control Science: Management Tools for Assessing the Risks and Control of Invasive Dreissenid Species
Invasive zebra and quagga mussels ( Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis , respectively) are causing significant ecological and economic impacts and the scope of these impacts increases as they continue to spread across North America. The USGS conducts science to inform management actions for controlling and mitigating the impacts of invasive mussels. Studies include evaluation and...
Use of electrified fields to control dreissenid mussels
Zebra and quagga mussels were first introduced into the Great Lakes in the 1980’s and they have since expanded to over 750 inland lakes in addition to the 5 Great Lakes. A 2009 study conducted by the Idaho Aquatic Nuisance Species Taskforce estimated the annual economic threat of dreissenids to Idaho to be $94 million. A literature review conducted by Lovell and Stone (2005) demonstrates the...
Exposure-Related Effects of Zequanox on Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) Survival and Condition
A dead-cell, spray-dried powder formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens, strain CL145A was recently approved by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for control of dreissenid mussels (zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha and quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in open-water environments. The EPA approved product, Zequanox® (registration number 84059-15) is manufactured by Marrone...
Temperature-dependent toxicity of molluscicides to zebra mussels
Zebra mussels (Dreissenia polymorpha) are native to the Black, Caspian, and Aral Seas of eastern Europe (Gollasch and Leppäkoski 1999) and they were likely introduced into Lake Erie as veliger larvae in the summer or fall of 1985 (Hebert et al. 1989). Their high reproductive capacity and planktonic larval stage enable zebra mussels to rapidly disperse (Birnbaum 2011). Less than 10 years after...
Data and Code Release:Technical Assistance Bioassay to Compare Sea Lamprey and Logperch Sensitivity to TFM
Data and code release to evaluate a continuous-flow streamside toxicity test that was conducted with common logperch (Percina caprodes) and larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) to evaluate the risk posed by 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM) sea lamprey control stream treatments to logperch. Logperch are a host to the parasitic glochidia life stage of the federally endangered snuffbox muss
Data and code release—Comparative toxicity of emulsifiable concentrate and suspension concentrate formulations of 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide ethanolamine salt
Bayluscide, the 2-aminoethanol salt of niclosamide (2′, 5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide), is a pesticide that is used in conjunction with TFM (4-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol) to treat streams tributary to the Great Lakes that are infested with invasive parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). The application TFM with 0.5 to 2.0 percent (%) Bayluscide can significantly reduce the amount of
Data and Code Release: Determination of Larval Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Seasonal Sensitivity Differences to Lampricide Treatment
Controlling larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Great Lakes tributaries with 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM, a pesticide) stream treatments reduces the number of spawning-phase sea lamprey, an invasive species capable of collapsing Great Lakes fisheries. An important component of stream treatments is ensuring that the proper amount of TFM is applied that will effectively control sea
Data Release for Laboratory and field comparisons of TFM bar formulations used to treat small streams for larval sea lamprey
The dataset was generated to verify the suitability of the new TFM bar formulation for wide-scale use in the Sea Lamprey Control Program (SLCP). Dataset includes TFM concentrations of three streams (each used twice) where randomized experimental applications of new and old TFM bar formulation dissolution trials were conducted, TFM concentrations of 12 laboratory flume experimental applications of
Field Evaluation of an Improved Solid TFM Formulation for Use in Treating Small Tributary Streams, data
This study builds upon work conducted under the Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC) Technical Assistance Program that was funded to prepare and evaluate an alternative solid formulation of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) in a laboratory flume. The project aligns within the lampricide theme in the Sea Lamprey Research Program by improving lampricide performance, efficacy, and
Determination of the seasonality effect on sea lamprey and TFM efficacy - Year One
Controlling larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Great Lakes tributaries with of 4-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM, a lampricide) is essential to reducing the number of spawning-phase sea lamprey, an invasive species capable of collapsing Great Lakes fisheries. An important component of treating streams with lampricide is ensuring that the proper amount of TFM is applied, effectively co
Avoidance behavior of cold-, cool-, and warmwater fish exposed to Zequanox in a two-choice preference chamber, data release
Zequanox® is an EPA-registered biopesticide for controlling populations of dreissenid mussels
(zebra and quagga mussels). Zequanox has demonstrated selective toxicity toward dreissenid mussels; however, a recent laboratory study indicated the potential for Zequanox to impact a non-target salmonid species. We assessed the potential exposure risk by observing the avoidance behavior of two representa
Assessments of the binary mixtures of four toxicants on Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) mortality, data release
This dataset captures the Zebra Mussel dose-response to four independent toxicants and each binary mixture of those toxicants. Toxicants included EarthTec QZ, Clam-Trol CT-2 (syn. Spectrus CT1300), niclosamide, and potassium chloride. Each dose of toxicant was verified with either ICP-OES or UHPLC, depending on analyte, and comparison to a standard curve. Mortality was tabulated for each observati
Assessment of uncontained Zequanox applications in a Midwestern lake data
We applied Zequanox using a custom-engineered, boat mounted application system to replicated 0.30 Hectare plots within a small inland lake. The objectives of these applications were to determine if uncontained, open-water Zequanox applications could effectively control zebra mussel populations and protect native unionid mussel populations within zebra mussel infested systems. The datasets included
Exposure-related effects of Zequanox on juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) Data
The environmental fate, persistence, and point-source discharge of traditional molluscicidal compounds led to the development of an alternative biomolluscicide, Zequanox. Previous studies evaluated the efficacy and non-target animal safety of Zequanox in laboratory, mesocosm, and field enclosure studies. One study indicated sensitivity of salmonid species and lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens Ra
Filter Total Items: 30
Assessment of the sensitivity of Percina caprodes (logperch) to the pesticide 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol
A continuous-flow streamside toxicity test was completed to evaluate the risk posed by the use of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (TFM), used to control Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey), to Percina caprodes (logperch). Logperch are a host fish to the parasitic glochidia life stage of the federally endangered Epioblasma triquetra (snuffbox mussel). Streams with an extant population of snuffbox mu
Authors
Courtney A Kirkeeng, James A. Luoma, Nicholas Schloesser, Justin Schueller, Cheryl Kaye
Comparative toxicity of emulsifiable concentrate and suspension concentrate formulations of 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide ethanolamine salt
The 2-aminoethanol salt of niclosamide (2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide) is a pesticide known as Bayluscide that is used in conjunction with TFM (4-nitro-3-[trifluoromethyl]phenol), also known as 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) to treat tributaries to the Great Lakes infested with invasive parasitic Petromyzon marinus (sea lamprey). Adding 0.5 to 2 percent Bayluscide with TFM can substantial
Authors
James A. Luoma, Justin R. Schueller, Nicholas Schloesser, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Samantha L. Wolfe
Seasonal differences in larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) sensitivity to the pesticide TFM
Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) are controlled in the Great Lakes with 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl) phenol (commonly 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol or TFM). The proper concentration of TFM must be applied during treatments to effectively kill larval sea lamprey while minimizing impacts to non-target species. In this study, bioassay tests were conducted in May, July, and September over tw
Authors
Justin Schueller, Michael A. Boogaard, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Nicholas Schloesser, Samantha L. Wolfe, Avery J. Lettenberger, Tisha King-Heiden, James A. Luoma
Seasonal differences in larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) sensitivity to the pesticide TFM
Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) are controlled in the Great Lakes with 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (commonly 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol or TFM). The proper amount of TFM must be applied during treatments to effectively kill larval sea lamprey while minimizing impacts to non-target species. In this study, bioassay tests were conducted in May, July, and September in a portable t
Authors
Justin Schueller, Michael A. Boogaard, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Nicholas Schloesser, Samantha L. Wolfe, Avery J. Lettenberger, Tisha King-Heiden, James A. Luoma
Laboratory and field comparisons of TFM bar formulations used to treat small streams for larval sea lamprey
A solid formulation of the pesticide TFM (4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenol) was developed in the 1980s for application in small tributaries during treatments to control invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758). Several initial inert ingredients were discontinued and substituted, culminating with an interim formulation that unacceptably softens and rapidly decays in warm condition
Authors
James A. Luoma, Justin Schueller, Nicholas Schloesser, Todd Johnson, Courtney A Kirkeeng
Concentration addition and independent action assessments of the binary mixtures of four toxicants on zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) mortality
Researchers most often focus on individual toxicants when identifying effective chemical control agents for aquatic invasive species; however, toxicant mixtures may elicit synergistic effects. Synergistic effects may decrease required concentrations and shorten exposure durations for treatments. We investigated four toxicants (EarthTec QZ, Clam-Trol CT-2, niclosamide, and potassium chloride) that
Authors
Matthew Barbour, Justin Schueller, Todd J. Severson, Jeremy K. Wise, Matthew J Meulemans, James A. Luoma, Diane L. Waller
Field evaluation of an improved solid TFM formulation for use in treating small tributary streams
A solid lampricide formulation containing 23% 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) as the active ingredient was developed in the mid-1980s for use in small tributaries of dendritic streams during routine treatments to kill larval sea lamprey. This TFM bar formulation was designed to use a matrix of commercially prepared surfactants that would dissolve and slowly release their TFM payload over an
Authors
James A. Luoma, Nicholas Robertson, Justin Schueller, Nicholas Schloesser, Todd Johnson, Todd J. Severson, Matthew J Meulemans, Erica Muelemans
Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox® exposure
Zequanox® is a biopesticide registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Canadian Pest Management Regulatory Agency for controlling dreissenid mussels with demonstrated selective toxicity. However, some research has indicated that Zequanox may impact the body condition and survival of some non-target species. We assessed avoidance behaviors of two species of cold-, cool-,
Authors
Matthew Barbour, James A. Luoma, Todd J. Severson, Jeremy K. Wise, Barbara Bennie
Development and evaluation of an improved TFM formulation for use in feeder stream treatments
The binational Great Lakes Fishery Commission sponsored Sea Lamprey Control Program effectively utilizes a variety of lampricide tools to keep populations of parasitic sea lampreys in the Great Lakes at levels that do not cause undue economic or ecological damage. The most widely used toxicant used in lampricide formulations is 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM). In typical treatments, a liquid
Authors
James A. Luoma, Nicholas Robertson, Nicholas Schloesser, Courtney A Kirkeeng, Justin Schueller, Erica Meulemans
Assessment of uncontained Zequanox applications for zebra mussel control in a Midwestern lake
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are invasive bivalves that have perturbed aquatic ecosystems within North America since their introduction in the mid-1980s. Control of zebra mussels has largely been restricted to raw water conveyance systems and associated infrastructures because few control products are registered for application in surface waters. The biopesticide Zequanox was registered in
Authors
James A. Luoma, Diane L. Waller, Todd J. Severson, Matthew Barbour, Jeremy K. Wise, Eric G. Lord, Michelle R. Bartsch, Lynn A. Bartsch
Optimum electrofishing waveforms and parameters to induce a capture-prone response in juvenile Grass Carp
Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) are a non-native species to North America that were first introduced for vegetation control in the 1960s. However, wild-reproducing Grass Carp can negatively impact aquatic habitats and aquatic communities by consuming substantial amounts of aquatic vegetation and increasing turbidity. Numerous fisheries techniques have been used in an attempt to control or e
Authors
Andrew S Briggs, Jan C. Dean, James C. Boase, Patrick Kočovský, James A. Luoma
Effects of temperature and exposure duration on four potential rapid-response tools for zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) eradication
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) have continued their spread within inland lakes and rivers in North America despite diligent containment and decontamination efforts by natural resource agencies and other stakeholders. Identification of newly infested waterways by early detection surveillance programs allows for rapid response zebra mussel eradication treatments in some situations. Previous er
Authors
James A. Luoma, Todd J. Severson, Matthew Barbour, Jeremy K. Wise