The USGS ECCOE Landsat Cal/Val Team, along with their NASA counterparts, maintains primary responsibility for radiometric and geometric characterization and the calibration and validation of the Landsat instruments and spacecrafts. This work includes both the ongoing operations of active Landsat missions, as well as the retired Landsat missions.
The USGS/NASA Landsat Cal/Val Team supports Landsat Missions with preflight instrument and spacecraft characterization and calibration. The latest calibration and validation efforts have been focused on the instruments and data acquired by the Landsat 9 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) instruments. Landsat 9 was launched on September 27, 2021, and Level-1 data became available on February 11, 2022.
Visit the Landsat Missions Landsat Calibration & Validation page for more details on the work done by ECCOE to support the Landsat.
ECCOE Landsat Quarterly Calibration and Validation Reports
The ECCOE Landsat Cal/Val Team continually monitors the geometric and radiometric performance of active Landsat missions and makes calibration adjustments as needed to maintain data quality at the highest level. Results of the analysis are summarized in USGS Open File Reports that will be published quarterly and posted here below.
2023
2022
- Quarter 4: October - December 2022
- Quarter 3: July - September 2022
- Quarter 2: April - June 2022
- Quarter 1: January - March 2022
2021
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A procedure for radiometric recalibration of Landsat 5 TM reflective-band data
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The new Landsat Collection-2 Digital Elevation Model
The Landsat Collection-2 distribution introduces a new global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for scene orthorectification. The new global DEM is a composite of the latest and most accurate freely available DEM sources and will include reprocessed Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data (called NASADEM), high-resolution stereo optical data (ArcticDEM), a new National Elevation Dataset (NED) anAuthorsShannon Franks, James C. Storey, Rajagopalan RengarajanLandsat Collection 2 geometric calibration updates
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) changed the management and delivery of Landsat products to the public in its archive through the implementation of Collections. The Collections process ensures consistent data quality through time and across all the Landsat sensors with a few modifications to the metadata. The consistent data products from Collections are more conducive for applications such as tiAuthorsR. Rengarajan, Michael J. Choate, James C. Storey, Shannon Franks, Esad MicijevicAbsolute radiometric calibration of Landsat using a pseudo invariant calibration site
Pseudo invariant calibration sites (PICS) have been used for on-orbit radiometric trending of optical satellite systems for more than 15 years. This approach to vicarious calibration has demonstrated a high degree of reliability and repeatability at the level of 1-3% depending on the site, spectral channel, and imaging geometries. A variety of sensors have used this approach for trending because iAuthorsD. Helder, K. J. Thome, N. Mishra, G. Chander, Xiaoxiong Xiong, A. Angal, Tae-young ChoiA procedure for radiometric recalibration of Landsat 5 TM reflective-band data
From the Landsat program's inception in 1972 to the present, the Earth science user community has been benefiting from a historical record of remotely sensed data. The multispectral data from the Landsat 5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor provide the backbone for this extensive archive. Historically, the radiometric calibration procedure for the L5 TM imagery used the detectors' response to the inAuthorsG. Chander, M.O. Haque, E. Micijevic, J. A. BarsiRadiometric calibration status of Landsat-7 and Landsat-5
Launched in April 1999, Landsat-7 ETM+ continues to acquire data globally. The Scan Line Corrector in failure in 2003 has affected ground coverage and the recent switch to Bumper Mode operations in April 2007 has degraded the internal geometric accuracy of the data, but the radiometry has been unaffected. The best of the three on-board calibrators for the reflective bands, the Full Aperture SolarAuthorsJ. A. Barsi, B. L. Markham, D. L. Helder, G. ChanderAbsolute calibration accuracy of L4 TM and L5 TM sensor image pairs
The Landsat suite of satellites has collected the longest continuous archive of multispectral data of any land-observing space program. From the Landsat program's inception in 1972 to the present, the Earth science user community has benefited from a historical record of remotely sensed data. However, little attention has been paid to ensuring that the data are calibrated and comparable from missiAuthorsG. Chander, E. MicijevicArtifact correction and absolute radiometric calibration techniques employed in the Landsat 7 image assessment system
The Landsat-7 Image Assessment System (IAS), part of the Landsat-7 Ground System, will calibrate and evaluate the radiometric and geometric performance of the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +) instrument. The IAS incorporates new instrument radiometric artifact correction and absolute radiometric calibration techniques which overcome some limitations to calibration accuracy inherent in historiAuthorsWayne C. Boncyk, Brian L. Markham, John L. Barker, Dennis HelderAbsolute calibration of Landsat instruments using the moon.
A lunar observation by Landsat could provide improved radiometric and geometric calibration of both the Thematic Mapper and the Multispectral Scanner in terms of absolute radiometry, determination of the modulation transfer function, and sensitivity to scattered light. A pitch of the spacecraft would be required. -AuthorsAuthorsH. H. Kieffer, R.L. Wildey - News