Joseph Hughes is a hydrologist in the Earth Systems Modeling Branch and is currently working on MODFLOW enhancements.
Dr. Joseph Hughes is a hydrologist with the U.S. Geological Survey Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division in Reston, Virginia. He completed his B.S. and Ph.D. at the University of South Florida and his M.S. at the University of Michigan. Prior to working at the U.S. Geological Survey, Dr. Hughes worked for a number of consulting firms including DHI Water and Environment and Arcadis Geraghty and Miller. Dr. Hughes has extensive experience simulating surface water and ground water interactions, variably saturated groundwater flow, groundwater flow in variable-density environments, and surface water and ground water quality at local and regional spatial scales. Dr. Hughes specializes in the development of of numerical simulation codes to solve surface-water flow, groundwater flow, and advective-dispersive transport equations. He is a co-author of several numerical hydrologic codes including MODFLOW 6, a control-volume, finite-difference version of MODFLOW (MODFLOW-USG), the Sea Water Intrusion (SWI2) Package for MODFLOW, the Surface Water Routing (SWR1) Process for MODFLOW, and a multi-species version of the density-dependent groundwater flow and transport code SUTRA (SUTRA-MS). Dr. Hughes also specializes in the development of linear sub-space methods to solve simultaneous systems of equations.
Science and Products
MODFLOW and Related Programs
Potential for Increased Inundation in Flood-Prone Regions of Southeast Florida in Response to Climate and Sea-Level Changes in Broward County, Florida, 2060–69
Effects of hydrologic system alterations on salinity in the Biscayne aquifer in Broward Co.
Simulating Land Subsidence
Groundwater Models
Houston Area Groundwater Level and Subsidence Monitoring
Coastal Lowlands Regional Groundwater Availability Study
Exploring the USGS Science Data Life Cycle in the Cloud
Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP): Water Availability Study
MODFLOW 6 model and ensemble used in the simulation of groundwater flow and land subsidence in the northern part of the Gulf Coast aquifer, 1897-2018 (ver. 2.0, September 2023)
MODFLOW 6 model of two hypothetical stream-aquifer systems to demonstrate the utility of the new Mover Package available only with MODFLOW 6
National-Scale Grid to Support Regional Groundwater Availability Studies and a National Hydrogeologic Framework
FloPy workflows for creating structured and unstructured MODFLOW models
Hydrogeology, land-surface subsidence, and documentation of the Gulf Coast Land Subsidence and Groundwater-Flow (GULF) model, southeast Texas, 1897–2018
Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Transport Model
Documentation for the Skeletal Storage, Compaction, and Subsidence (CSUB) Package of MODFLOW 6
The MODFLOW Application Programming Interface for simulationcontrol and software interoperability
Distributed memory parallel groundwater modeling for the Netherlands Hydrological Instrument
Use of the MODFLOW 6 water mover package to represent natural and managed hydrologic connections
Integrated hydro-terrestrial modeling: Development of a national capability
Potential for increased inundation in flood-prone regions of southeast Florida in response to climate and sea-level changes in Broward County, Florida, 2060–69
Documentation for the “XT3D” option in the Node Property Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW 6
Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model
Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 framework
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
MODFLOW 6: USGS Modular Hydrologic Model
MODFLOW is a popular open-source groundwater flow model distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey.
FloPy: Python Package for Creating, Running, and Post-Processing MODFLOW-Based Models
FloPy is a Python package for creating, running, and post-processing MODFLOW-based models.
Surface-Water Routing (SWR) Process: A Program for Modeling Surface-Water Flow with the USGS Modular Groundwater Flow Model (MODFLOW)
The Surface-Water Routing (SWR) Process is used to accurately simulate stages, surface-water flows, and surface-water/groundwater interactions in areas where surface-water gradients are small and/or there is significant management of surface water.
Science and Products
- Science
MODFLOW and Related Programs
MODFLOW is the USGS's modular hydrologic model. MODFLOW is considered an international standard for simulating and predicting groundwater conditions and groundwater/surface-water interactions. MODFLOW 6 is presently the core MODFLOW version distributed by the USGS. The previous core version, MODFLOW-2005, is actively maintained and supported as well.Potential for Increased Inundation in Flood-Prone Regions of Southeast Florida in Response to Climate and Sea-Level Changes in Broward County, Florida, 2060–69
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Broward County Environmental Planning and Resilience Division, has developed county-scale and local-scale groundwater/surface-water models to study the potential for increased inundation and flooding in eastern Broward County that are due to changes in future climate and sea-level rise. The purpose is to provide information that can be used to help...Effects of hydrologic system alterations on salinity in the Biscayne aquifer in Broward Co.
To address concerns about the effects of water-resource management practices and rising sea level on saltwater intrusion, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Broward County Environmental Planning and Community Resilience Division, initiated a study to examine causes of saltwater intrusion and predict the effects of future alterations to the hydrologic system on salinity distribution...Simulating Land Subsidence
The California Water Science Center has been involved in multiple studies simulating land subsidence associated with groundwater withdrawal. The simulations can be used to estimate the magnitude, location, and timing of subsidence. They can also be used to evaluate management strategies to mitigate adverse effects from subsidence while also optimizing water availability.Groundwater Models
Groundwater is an important resource, but availability, quality, and sustainability during growth have become major concerns. Groundwater models are numerical representations that help hydrologists better understand groundwater systems. These models also provide tools for water managers. The Utah Water Science Center has groundwater models for many seperate areas in Utah as well as two regional...Houston Area Groundwater Level and Subsidence Monitoring
In cooperation with Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, the City of Houston, Fort Bend County Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, the USGS Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center Gulf Coast Program collects, processes, and interprets groundwater-level and aquifer-sediment-compaction data to understand the effects of...Coastal Lowlands Regional Groundwater Availability Study
USGS is undertaking a 5-year study to assess groundwater availability for the aquifers proximal to the Gulf of Mexico from the Texas-Mexico border through the panhandle of Florida, known as the Coastal Lowlands Aquifer System (CLAS). This study is one of several within the Regional Groundwater Availability Studies of the USGS Water Availability and Use Science Program.Exploring the USGS Science Data Life Cycle in the Cloud
Executive Summary Traditionally in the USGS, data is processed and analyzed on local researcher computers, then moved to centralized, remote computers for preservation and publishing (ScienceBase, Pubs Warehouse). This approach requires each researcher to have the necessary hardware and software for processing and analysis, and also to bring all external data required for the workflow over the intMississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP): Water Availability Study
The Mississippi Alluvial Plain is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the Nation and depends on groundwater for irrigation. The MAP area constitutes the third largest area of irrigated cropland in the United States. The area is approximately 29,000 square miles (19 million acres) and includes parts of the States of Missouri, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana.The U.S... - Data
MODFLOW 6 model and ensemble used in the simulation of groundwater flow and land subsidence in the northern part of the Gulf Coast aquifer, 1897-2018 (ver. 2.0, September 2023)
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District and Fort Bend Subsidence District, constructed a finite-difference numerical groundwater-flow model of the northern Gulf Coast aquifer region for 1897 through 2018 using MODFLOW 6 with the Newton formulation solver to simulate groundwater flow and land-surface subsidence. Model parameter estimation andMODFLOW 6 model of two hypothetical stream-aquifer systems to demonstrate the utility of the new Mover Package available only with MODFLOW 6
Two MODFLOW 6 (version 6.2.1) models of hypothetical stream-aquifer systems are presented for the demonstration and utility of the Water Mover (MVR) Package available only with MODFLOW 6. Using a generalized approach, MVR facilitates the transfer of water among many arbitrary combinations of simulated features (i.e., pumping wells, stream, drains, lakes, etc.) within a MODFLOW 6 simulation. In thNational-Scale Grid to Support Regional Groundwater Availability Studies and a National Hydrogeologic Framework
The National Hydrogeologic Grid (NHG) dataset includes a raster and vector representation of 1-km cells defining a uniform grid that encompasses the continental United States. The value of each cell of the raster dataset corresponds to the 1-km cell number defined as 'cellnum' in the attributes of the vector data. The NHG consists of 4,000 rows and 4,980 columns, numbered from the top left corner - Multimedia
- Publications
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FloPy workflows for creating structured and unstructured MODFLOW models
FloPy is a popular Python package for creating, running, and post-processing MODFLOW-based groundwater flow and transport models. FloPy functionality has expanded to support the latest version of MODFLOW (MODFLOW 6) including support for unstructured grids. FloPy can be used to download MODFLOW-based and other executables for Linux, MacOS, and Windows operating systems, which simplifies the procesAuthorsJoseph D. Hughes, Christian D. Langevin, Scott R. Paulinski, Joshua Larsen, David BrakenhoffHydrogeology, land-surface subsidence, and documentation of the Gulf Coast Land Subsidence and Groundwater-Flow (GULF) model, southeast Texas, 1897–2018
Executive SummaryAs a part of the Texas Water Development Board groundwater availability modeling program, the U.S. Geological Survey developed the Gulf Coast Land Subsidence and Groundwater-Flow model (hereinafter, the “GULF model”) and ensemble to simulate groundwater flow and land-surface subsidence in the northern part of the Gulf Coast aquifer system (the study area) in Texas from predevelopmAuthorsJohn Ellis, Jacob E. Knight, Jeremy T. White, Michelle Sneed, Joseph D. Hughes, Jason K. Ramage, Christopher L. Braun, Andrew Teeple, Linzy K. Foster, Samuel H. Rendon, Justin T. BrandtDocumentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Transport Model
This report documents a new Groundwater Transport (GWT) Model for MODFLOW 6. The GWT Model simulates three-dimensional transport of a single chemical species in fowing groundwater based on a generalized control-volume fnite-difference approach. Although each GWT Model is only able to represent a single chemical species, multiple GWT Models may be invoked within a single MODFLOW 6 simulation to repAuthorsChristian D. Langevin, Alden M. Provost, Sorab Panday, Joseph D. HughesDocumentation for the Skeletal Storage, Compaction, and Subsidence (CSUB) Package of MODFLOW 6
This report describes the skeletal storage, compaction and subsidence (CSUB) package of MODFLOW 6. The CSUB package simulates the vertical compaction of compressible sediments and land subsidence. The package simulates groundwater storage changes and elastic compaction in coarse-grained aquifer sediments. The CSUB package also simulates groundwater storage changes and elastic and inelastic compactAuthorsJoseph D. Hughes, Stanley A. Leake, Devin L. Galloway, Jeremy T. WhiteThe MODFLOW Application Programming Interface for simulationcontrol and software interoperability
The MODFLOW API allows other programs to control MODFLOW and interactively change variables without having to modify the source code. The MODFLOW API is based on the Basic Model Interface (BMI), which is a set of conventions that define how to initialize a simulation, update the model state by advancing in time, and finalize the run. For many existing MODFLOW coupling applications, the informationAuthorsJoseph D. Hughes, Martijn J. Russcher, Christian D. Langevin, Eric D. Morway, Richard R. McDonaldDistributed memory parallel groundwater modeling for the Netherlands Hydrological Instrument
Worldwide, billions of people rely on fresh groundwater reserves for their domestic, agricultural and industrial water use. Extreme droughts and excessive groundwater pumping put pressure on water authorities in maintaining sustainable water usage. High-resolution integrated models are valuable assets in supporting them. The Netherlands Hydrological Instrument (NHI) provides the Dutch water authorAuthorsJarno Verkaik, Joseph D. Hughes, P.E.V van Walsum, G.H.P. Oude Essink, H.X. Lin, M.F.P. BierkensUse of the MODFLOW 6 water mover package to represent natural and managed hydrologic connections
The latest release of MODFLOW 6, the current core version of the MODFLOW groundwater modeling software, debuted a new package dubbed the “mover” (MVR). Using a generalized approach, MVR facilitates the transfer of water among any arbitrary combination of simulated features (i.e., pumping wells, stream, drains, lakes, etc.) within a MODFLOW 6 simulation. Four “rules” controlling the amount of waterAuthorsEric D. Morway, Christian D. Langevin, Joseph D. HughesIntegrated hydro-terrestrial modeling: Development of a national capability
Water is one of our most important natural resources and is essential to our national economy and security. Multiple federal government agencies have mission elements that address national needs related to water. Each water-related agency champions a unique science and/or operational mission focused on advancing a portion of the nation’s ability to meet our water-related challenges, often in closeAuthorsDavid P. Lesmes, Jessica Moerman, Tom Torgeson, Bob Vallario, Timothy D. Scheibe, Efi Foufoula-Georgiou, Harry L. Jenter, Ronald L. Bingner, Laura Condon, Brian Cosgrove, Carlos Del Castillo, Charles W Downer, John Eylander, Michael N. Fienen, Nels Frazier, David Gochis, Dave Goodrich, Judson Harvey, Joseph D. Hughes, David Hyndman, John M. Johnston, Forrest Melton, Glenn E. Moglen, David Moulton, Laura K. Lautz, Rajbir Parmar, Brenda Rashleigh, Patrick Reed, Katherine Skalak, Charuleka Varadharajan, Roland J. Viger, Nathalie Voisin, Mark WahlPotential for increased inundation in flood-prone regions of southeast Florida in response to climate and sea-level changes in Broward County, Florida, 2060–69
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Broward County Environmental Planning and Resilience Division, has developed county-scale and local-scale groundwater/surface-water models to study the potential for increased inundation and flooding in eastern Broward County that are due to changes in future climate and sea-level rise. These models were constructed by using MODFLOW 2005, with the suAuthorsJeremy D. Decker, Joseph D. Hughes, Eric D. SwainDocumentation for the “XT3D” option in the Node Property Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW 6
This report describes the “XT3D” option in the Node Property Flow (NPF) Package of MODFLOW 6. The XT3D option extends the capabilities of MODFLOW by enabling simulation of fully three-dimensional anisotropy on regular or irregular grids in a way that properly takes into account the full, three-dimensional conductivity tensor. It can also improve the accuracy of groundwater-flow simulations in caseAuthorsAlden M. Provost, Christian D. Langevin, Joseph D. HughesDocumentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model
This report documents the Groundwater Flow (GWF) Model for a new version of MODFLOW called MODFLOW 6. The GWF Model for MODFLOW 6 is based on a generalized control-volume finite-difference approach in which a cell can be hydraulically connected to any number of surrounding cells. Users can define the model grid using one of three discretization packages, including (1) a structured discretization pacAuthorsChristian D. Langevin, Joseph D. Hughes, Edward R. Banta, Richard G. Niswonger, Sorab Panday, Alden M. ProvostDocumentation for the MODFLOW 6 framework
MODFLOW is a popular open-source groundwater flow model distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Growing interest in surface and groundwater interactions, local refinement with nested and unstructured grids, karst groundwater flow, solute transport, and saltwater intrusion, has led to the development of numerous MODFLOW versions. Often times, there are incompatibilities between these different MAuthorsJoseph D. Hughes, Christian D. Langevin, Edward R. BantaNon-USGS Publications**
Nyer, E., Mayfield, P., and Hughes, J.D, 1998. Beyond the AFCEE Protocol for Natural Attenuation: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 18, no. 3, 70-77.**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
- Software
MODFLOW 6: USGS Modular Hydrologic Model
MODFLOW is a popular open-source groundwater flow model distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey.
FloPy: Python Package for Creating, Running, and Post-Processing MODFLOW-Based Models
FloPy is a Python package for creating, running, and post-processing MODFLOW-based models.
Surface-Water Routing (SWR) Process: A Program for Modeling Surface-Water Flow with the USGS Modular Groundwater Flow Model (MODFLOW)
The Surface-Water Routing (SWR) Process is used to accurately simulate stages, surface-water flows, and surface-water/groundwater interactions in areas where surface-water gradients are small and/or there is significant management of surface water.